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Article ; Online: In Vitro Functional Characterization of Type-I Taste Bud Cells as Monocytes/Macrophages-like Which Secrete Proinflammatory Cytokines

Aziz Hichami / Hamza Saidi / Amira Sayed Khan / Pernelle Degbeni / Naim Akhtar Khan

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 10325, p

2023 Volume 10325

Abstract: The sense of taste determines the choice of nutrients and food intake and, consequently, influences feeding behaviors. The taste papillae are primarily composed of three types of taste bud cells (TBC), i.e., type I, type II, and type III. The type I TBC, ...

Abstract	The sense of taste determines the choice of nutrients and food intake and, consequently, influences feeding behaviors. The taste papillae are primarily composed of three types of taste bud cells (TBC), i.e., type I, type II, and type III. The type I TBC, expressing GLAST (glutamate-–aspartate transporter), have been termed as glial-like cells. We hypothesized that these cells could play a role in taste bud immunity as glial cells do in the brain. We purified type I TBC, expressing F4/80, a specific marker of macrophages, from mouse fungiform taste papillae. The purified cells also express CD11b, CD11c, and CD64, generally expressed by glial cells and macrophages. We further assessed whether mouse type I TBC can be polarized toward M1 or M2 macrophages in inflammatory states like lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammation or obesity, known to be associated with low-grade inflammation. Indeed, LPS-treatment and obesity state increased TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression, both at mRNA and protein levels, in type I TBC. Conversely, purified type I TBC treated with IL-4 showed a significant increase in arginase 1 and IL-4. These findings provide evidence that type I gustatory cells share many features with macrophages and may be involved in oral inflammation.
Keywords	GLAST ; taste bud cells ; F4/80 ; inflammation ; type I cells ; obesity ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Obesity and COVID-19

Amira Sayed Khan / Aziz Hichami / Naim Akhtar Khan

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 2158, p

Oro-Naso-Sensory Perception

2020 Volume 2158

Abstract: Through a recent upsurge of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, the clinical assessment of most of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients clearly presents a health condition with the loss of oro-naso-sensory ( ... ...

Abstract	Through a recent upsurge of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, the clinical assessment of most of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients clearly presents a health condition with the loss of oro-naso-sensory (ONS) perception, responsible for the detection of flavor and savor. These changes include anosmia and dysgeusia. In some cases, these clinical manifestations appear even before the general flu-like symptoms, e.g., sore throat, thoracic oppression and fever. There is no direct report available on the loss of these chemical senses in obese COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, obesity has been shown to be associated with low ONS cues. These alterations in obese subjects are due to obesity-induced altered expression of olfacto-taste receptors. Besides, obesity may further aggravate the SARS-CoV-2 infection, as this pathology is associated with a high degree of inflammation/immunosuppression and reduced protection against viral infections. Hence, obesity represents a great risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it may hide the viral-associated altered ONS symptoms, thus leading to a high mortality rate in these subjects.
Keywords	taste ; smell ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; obesity ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Polyphenols Contained in Mediterranean Diet in Obesity

Abdelhafid Nani / Babar Murtaza / Amira Sayed Khan / Naim Akhtar Khan / Aziz Hichami

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 4, p

Molecular Mechanisms

2021 Volume 985

Abstract: Nutrition transition can be defined as shifts in food habits, and it is characterized by high-fat (chiefly saturated animal fat), hypercaloric and salty food consumption at the expense of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Western dietary patterns ... ...

Abstract	Nutrition transition can be defined as shifts in food habits, and it is characterized by high-fat (chiefly saturated animal fat), hypercaloric and salty food consumption at the expense of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Western dietary patterns serve as a model for studying the impact of nutrition transition on civilization diseases, such as obesity, which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction can be associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation in obesity. NF-κB regulates gene expression of several oxidant-responsive adipokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis and in modulation of metabolic inflammation, can be downregulated by IκB kinase (IKK)-dependent TNF-α activation. On the other hand, adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet is highly encouraged because of its healthy dietary pattern, which includes antioxidant nutraceuticals such as polyphenols. Indeed, hydroxycinnamic derivatives, quercetin, resveratrol, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, which are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, exert anti-obesity proprieties. In this review, we highlight the impact of the most common polyphenols from Mediterranean foods on molecular mechanisms that mediate obesity-related oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, we discuss the effects of these polyphenols on a number of signaling pathways. We note that Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) dietary polyphenols can de-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and NF-κB-mediated oxidative stress, and metabolic inflammation. MedDiet polyphenols are also effective in upregulating downstream effectors of several proteins, chiefly AMPK.
Keywords	MedDiet ; polyphenols ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; inflammation ; AMPK ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: CD36 and GPR120 Methylation Associates with Orosensory Detection Thresholds for Fat and Bitter in Algerian Young Obese Children

Moustafa Berrichi / Aziz Hichami / Lynda Addou-Klouche / Amira Sayed Khan / Naim Akhtar Khan

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1956, p

2020 Volume 1956

Abstract: Background: The spontaneous preference for dietary fat is regulated by two lingual lipid sensors ( CD36 and GPR120 ) in humans and rodents. Our objective was to investigate whether obesity in children is associated with methylation of lipid sensor genes, ...

Abstract	Background: The spontaneous preference for dietary fat is regulated by two lingual lipid sensors ( CD36 and GPR120 ) in humans and rodents. Our objective was to investigate whether obesity in children is associated with methylation of lipid sensor genes, and whether this alteration was implicated in altered gustatory perception of fat and bitter and increased preference of palatable foods. Methods: School children were recruited and classified according to their body mass index (BMI) z -score into two groups: obese and lean children. The detection of orosensory perception for oleic acid and 6- n -propylthiouracil was assessed by using a 3-alternative forced-choice test. After blood DNA extraction, methylation patterns were investigated by methylation-specific PCR. The children were also subjected to a food habit questionnaire. Results: Obese children showed higher lipid and bitter detection thresholds than lean children. Besides, more obese children presented higher methylation level of the CpG sites than lean participants. Interestingly, CD36 and GPR120 gene methylation was associated with high lipid detection thresholds in obese participants. The obese participants preferred highly palatable fat-rich food items, associated with CD36 and GPR120 gene methylation. Conclusion: Epigenetic changes in CD36 and GPR120 genes might contribute to low orosensory perception of fat and bitter taste, and might be, consequently, critically involved in obesity in children
Keywords	CD36 ; GPR120 ; fat taste ; obesity ; bitter taste ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of a polyphenol‐rich extract from Zizyphus lotus L fruit pulp play a protective role against obesity

Ghalem, Meriem / Aziz Hichami / Babar Murtaza / Meriem Belarbi / Naim Akhtar Khan

Journal of food biochemistry. 2018 Dec., v. 42, no. 6

2018

Abstract: Zizyphus lotus (Zl) is used widely as a source of food and for the treatment of various ailments. Therefore, we investigated the biological activities of Zl against obesity and related disorders. Hence, male Wistar rats received either control diet, high ...

Abstract	Zizyphus lotus (Zl) is used widely as a source of food and for the treatment of various ailments. Therefore, we investigated the biological activities of Zl against obesity and related disorders. Hence, male Wistar rats received either control diet, high fat diet (HFAD), or HFAD supplemented with the Zl pulp (HFADP) for 14 weeks. RAW 264.7 cells were used for the determination of antiinflammatory activities in vitro. It was observed that HFDP resulted in significantly reduced weight, blood sugar, and oxidative stress than HFAD. In addition, Zl extract co‐treatment with LPS reduced the mRNA expression of MCP‐1, pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, TNF‐α), and increased the level of IL‐10, an antiinflammatory cytokine, in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, nitric oxide synthesis and the expression of iNOS were decreased by Zl extract in RAW 264.7 cells. Zl extract also possessed a significant antioxidant capacity and ferric‐reducing power. Our results validate the traditional use of Zl. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Zizyphus lotus is commonly used as food in different countries and is easily available. Scientific validation of the traditional use of plants can be significant in the prevention and treatment of different disorders. Naturally occurring products are generally safe to use, have fewer side effects, and can be self‐administered. Hence, specialized health‐care supervision is not necessary. Our study supports the traditional use of Zizyphus lotus to prevent and decrease obesity and related disorders.
Keywords	adverse effects ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidant activity ; blood glucose ; fruit pulp ; gene expression ; health services ; high fat diet ; inducible nitric oxide synthase ; interleukin-10 ; interleukin-6 ; laboratory animals ; males ; messenger RNA ; nitric oxide ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; protective effect ; rats ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha ; Ziziphus lotus
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-12
Size	p. e12689.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	433846-7
ISSN	1745-4514 ; 0145-8884
ISSN (online)	1745-4514
ISSN	0145-8884
DOI	10.1111/jfbc.12689
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Oleanolic acid improves diet-induced obesity by modulating fat preference and inflammation in mice

Djeziri, Fatima Zohra / Aziz Hichami / Babar Murtaza / Chahid Benammar / Meriem Belarbi / Naim Akhtar Khan

Biochimie. 2018,

2018

Abstract: Obesity, triggered by high-fat diet (HFD), is associated to altered gustatory perception of dietary lipids. Oleanolic acid (OLA), a triterpene, has been reported to exert anti-obesity effects in animal models. Hence, we investigated the role of OLA in ... ...

Abstract	Obesity, triggered by high-fat diet (HFD), is associated to altered gustatory perception of dietary lipids. Oleanolic acid (OLA), a triterpene, has been reported to exert anti-obesity effects in animal models. Hence, we investigated the role of OLA in the modulation of oro-sensory perception of lipids in control and HFD-induced obese mice. As expected, OLA-treated obese mice exhibited a decrease in body, liver, and visceral adipose tissue weights. OLA treatment improved glucose tolerance, insulin level, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. OLA-treated obese mice exhibited higher fat preference compared to untreated obese mice, probably due to the increase in mRNA encoding CD36, a fat taste receptor, in mouse taste bud cells (mTBC). This phenomenon was associated with fatty-acid induced increases in free intracellular calcium concentrations, [Ca2+]i, induced in mTBC from OLA-treated obese mice. OLA also influenced the expression of mRNA encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and some lipogenic genes (PPARα, SREBP1, FAS, ChREBP, and G6Pase) in liver and adipose tissue. These findings reveal that OLA improves gustatory perception of lipids and exerts protective effects in obesity.
Keywords	adipose tissue ; animal disease models ; calcium ; cholesterol ; dietary fat ; genes ; glucose tolerance ; high fat diet ; inflammation ; insulin ; interleukin-1beta ; interleukin-6 ; lipopolysaccharides ; liver ; messenger RNA ; mice ; obesity ; oleanolic acid ; palps ; protective effect ; taste ; taste receptors ; triacylglycerols
Language	English
Size	p. .
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	120345-9
ISSN	0300-9084
ISSN	0300-9084
DOI	10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.025
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Effect of cadmium exposure on essential omega-3 fatty acids in the edible bivalve Donax trunculus

Merad, Isma / Aziz Hichami / Naim Akhtar Khan / Noureddine Soltani / Sandrine Bellenger

Environmental science and pollution research international. 2018 July, v. 25, no. 19

2018

Abstract: Donax trunculus is the most consumed bivalve by the local population of the Northeast Algeria for its nutritional value. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of cadmium (Cd), a known toxic metal, on the alterations in main ...

Abstract	Donax trunculus is the most consumed bivalve by the local population of the Northeast Algeria for its nutritional value. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of cadmium (Cd), a known toxic metal, on the alterations in main essential omega-3 fatty acids, i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3), in male and female gonads of D. trunculus during the reproduction period at spring (before spawning). Additionally, this work seeks to describe the relation between EPA and DHA with non-methylene-interrupted dienoic (NMID) fatty acids, and explores their possible contribution of to protect against Cd stress. The samples were collected at El Battah, a relatively clean sea shore, and reared in the laboratory. Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen were measured. Cd was added to the rearing water at two sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25-96h, as determined previously). A two-way ANOVA analysis indicated significant effects of concentrations and genders for both fatty acids. Our results showed a significant reduction in EPA and DHA concentrations in the both genders, with a strong effect in females. There was also a negative correlation between NMID fatty acids and the two essential omega-3 fatty acids for each gender.
Keywords	analysis of variance ; cadmium ; dissolved oxygen ; docosahexaenoic acid ; Donax (Bivalvia) ; eicosapentaenoic acid ; females ; gonads ; males ; nutritive value ; omega-3 fatty acids ; pH ; rearing ; reproduction ; salinity ; spawning ; spring ; temperature ; toxicity ; Algeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-07
Size	p. 18242-18250.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-017-9031-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Fatty acid composition, enzyme activities and metallothioneins in Donax trunculus (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from polluted and reference sites in the Gulf of Annaba (Algeria): Pattern of recovery during transplantation

Rabei, Amina / Aziz Hichami / Hayet Beldi / Naim Akhtar Khan / Noureddine Soltani / Sandrine Bellenger

Environmental pollution. 2018 June, v. 237

2018

Abstract: The gulf of Annaba, the most important touristic and economic coastal zone located in Northeast Algeria, is contaminated by several pollutants from urban, agricultural, harbor and industrial activities. Elevated levels of heavy metals were detected in a ... ...

Abstract	The gulf of Annaba, the most important touristic and economic coastal zone located in Northeast Algeria, is contaminated by several pollutants from urban, agricultural, harbor and industrial activities. Elevated levels of heavy metals were detected in a locally prevalent edible mollusk Donax trunculus (Bivalvia, Donacidae) widely used as a sentinel species for the assessment of marine pollution. The present work aims to measure the difference between two localities, one being full of different pollutants (Sidi Salem) and the other being relatively clean (El Battah) and to evaluate the ability of D. trunculus to overcome the environmental stress during a transplantation experiment by a determination of fatty acid profile, the enzymes activities and the level of metallothioneins (MTs), a biomarker of metallic contamination. Adults of D. trunculus were collected at Sidi Salem (contaminated site) and transplanted into El Battah (reference site) for 21 days in cages (60 × 60 × 60 cm with a 2 mm mesh). Biochemical analyzes were conducted at different times (0, 7, 14 and 21 days). At 0-day experiment: the rate of the fatty acids, the enzymes activities and MT levels at the site of Sidi Salem (polluted site) were significantly different from those of El Battah. During the transplantation a gradual restoration of fatty acids rates, enzymes activities and MT levels was observed. At the end of the period of transplantation, the values are comparable to those of El Battah. A two-way ANOVA (time, site) on data revealed significant effects of time and site. Overally, D. trunculus is able to induce its detoxification system and to restore relatively rapidly the status of individuals from the reference site (El Battah).
Keywords	adults ; analysis of variance ; biomarkers ; cages ; coasts ; Donacidae ; enzyme activity ; fatty acid composition ; fatty acids ; heavy metals ; indicator species ; molluscs ; pollutants ; pollution ; Algeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-06
Size	p. 900-907.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.041
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Polyphenols from Pennisetum glaucum grains induce MAP kinase phosphorylation and cell cycle arrest in human osteosarcoma cells

Nani, Abdelhafid / Aziz Hichami / Babar Murtaza / Chahid Benammar / Meriem Belarbi / Mickaël Rialland / Naim Akhtar Khan / Taha Merghoub

Journal of functional foods. 2019 Mar., v. 54

2019

Abstract: Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor with a high prevalence among children and adolescents. Polyphenols are widely investigated for their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic proprieties. In the present study, we explored the pro-apoptotic effects ... ...

Abstract	Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor with a high prevalence among children and adolescents. Polyphenols are widely investigated for their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic proprieties. In the present study, we explored the pro-apoptotic effects of pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum, phenolic compounds (PGPC) on osteosarcoma U-2OS cells. Our results show that PGPC induced U-2OS cells death, in a dose dependent manner, with an IC50 of 80 μg/mL. Annexin-V and 7-AAD staining show that PGPC induced cell death mainly through caspase-dependent apoptosis as shown by a decrease in cell death when co-treated with pan-caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk). PGPC caused an increase in cytoplasmic calcium associated with caspases activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP cleavage. Western blot analysis revealed that PGPC upregulated p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK activity and inhibited c-SRC/AKT pathway. Finally, cell cycle analysis shows that PGPC decreased CDK2 and increased cyclin E expression, resulting in U-2OS cells accumulation in S phase. These results demonstrate that PGPC induce p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK activation, and attenuate AKT activation, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma U-2OS cells.
Keywords	adolescents ; apoptosis ; calcium ; caspases ; cell cycle checkpoints ; chemoprevention ; children ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; cyclins ; dose response ; drug therapy ; enzyme inhibitors ; humans ; interphase ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; NAD ADP-ribosyltransferase ; osteosarcoma ; phosphorylation ; polyphenols ; staining ; Western blotting
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-03
Size	p. 422-432.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2511964-3
ISSN	1756-4646
ISSN	1756-4646
DOI	10.1016/j.jff.2019.01.042
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Eicosapentaenoic acid modulates fatty acid metabolism and inflammation in Psammomys obesus

Atek-Mebarki, Feriel / Arezki Bitam / Aziz Hichami / Elhadj Ahmed KoceÃ¯r / Naim Akhtar Khan / Souleymane Abdoul-Azize

Biochimie. 2015 Feb., v. 109

2015

Abstract: The desert gerbil, Psammomys obesus, is a unique polygenic animal model of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes), and these pathological conditions resemble to those in human beings. In this study, the animals were fed ad ... ...

Abstract	The desert gerbil, Psammomys obesus, is a unique polygenic animal model of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes), and these pathological conditions resemble to those in human beings. In this study, the animals were fed ad libitum either a natural diet (ND) which contained desertic halophile plants or a standard laboratory diet (STD) or a diet which contained eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), hence, termed as EPA diet (EPAD). In EPAD, 50% of total lipid content was replaced by EPA oil. By employing real-time PCR, we assessed liver expression of key genes involved in fatty acid metabolism such as PPAR-Î±, SREBP-1c, LXR-Î± and CHREBP. We also studied the expression of two inflammatory genes, i.e., TNF-Î± and IL-1Î², in liver and adipose tissue of these animals. The STD, considered to be a high caloric diet for this animal, triggered insulin resistance and high lipid levels, along with high hepatic SREBP-1c, LXR-Î± and CHREBP mRNA expression. TNF-Î± and IL-1Î² mRNA were also high in liver of STD fed animals. Feeding EPAD improved plasma glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol levels along with hepatic lipid composition. These observations suggest that EPA exerts beneficial effects in P.Â obesus.
Keywords	adipose tissue ; animal models ; blood glucose ; eicosapentaenoic acid ; fatty acid metabolism ; gene expression ; genes ; gerbils ; halophiles ; high energy diet ; humans ; inflammation ; insulin ; insulin resistance ; interleukin-1beta ; lipid content ; liver ; messenger RNA ; metabolic syndrome ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; obesity ; oils ; Psammomys obesus ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; triacylglycerols ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-02
Size	p. 60-66.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120345-9
ISSN	0300-9084
ISSN	0300-9084
DOI	10.1016/j.biochi.2014.12.004
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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