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Article ; Online: Research Highlight: Social dispersal in giraffes.

Börger, Luca

2021 Volume 90, Issue 12, Page(s) 2726–2728

Abstract: Research Highlight: Bond, M. L., Lee, D. E., Ozgul, A., Farine, D. R., & König, B. (2021). Leaving by staying: Social dispersal in giraffes. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13582. Dispersal is a key ecological and ... ...

Abstract	Research Highlight: Bond, M. L., Lee, D. E., Ozgul, A., Farine, D. R., & König, B. (2021). Leaving by staying: Social dispersal in giraffes. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13582. Dispersal is a key ecological and evolutionary process, which shows marked variability between and within species. The social and kinship structure of species fundamentally affects the patterns and types of dispersal, but information on how animals with fission-fusion group dynamics disperse is missing. Bond et al. provide novel data on natal dispersal of giraffe calves in relation to their dynamic multilayered social system, showing that individuals from both sexes can disperse socially, by switching association with different social groups, without leaving their natal area. The results highlight that traditional spatial-only measures of dispersal, such as dispersal distance, may be inadequate for social species with overlapping social units.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Ecology ; Female ; Giraffes ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13624
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Article: Research Highlight: Social dispersal in giraffes

Börger, Luca

journal of animal ecology. 2021 Dec., v. 90, no. 12

2021

Abstract: Research Highlight: Bond, M. L., Lee, D. E., Ozgul, A., Farine, D. R., & König, B. (2021). Leaving by staying: Social dispersal in giraffes. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365‐2656.13582. Dispersal is a key ecological and ... ...

Abstract	Research Highlight: Bond, M. L., Lee, D. E., Ozgul, A., Farine, D. R., & König, B. (2021). Leaving by staying: Social dispersal in giraffes. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365‐2656.13582. Dispersal is a key ecological and evolutionary process, which shows marked variability between and within species. The social and kinship structure of species fundamentally affects the patterns and types of dispersal, but information on how animals with fission–fusion group dynamics disperse is missing. Bond et al. provide novel data on natal dispersal of giraffe calves in relation to their dynamic multilayered social system, showing that individuals from both sexes can disperse socially, by switching association with different social groups, without leaving their natal area. The results highlight that traditional spatial‐only measures of dispersal, such as dispersal distance, may be inadequate for social species with overlapping social units.
Keywords	Giraffa camelopardalis ; animal ecology ; calves ; journals ; lees ; social class ; society
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 2726-2728.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13624
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Article ; Online: How to scale up from animal movement decisions to spatiotemporal patterns: An approach via step selection

Potts, Jonathan R. / Börger, Luca

Journal of Animal Ecology. 2023 Jan., v. 92, no. 1 p.16-29

2023

Abstract: Uncovering the mechanisms behind animal space use patterns is of vital importance for predictive ecology, thus conservation and management of ecosystems. Movement is a core driver of those patterns so understanding how movement mechanisms give rise to ... ...

Abstract	Uncovering the mechanisms behind animal space use patterns is of vital importance for predictive ecology, thus conservation and management of ecosystems. Movement is a core driver of those patterns so understanding how movement mechanisms give rise to space use patterns has become an increasingly active area of research. This study focuses on a particular strand of research in this area, based around step selection analysis (SSA). SSA is a popular way of inferring drivers of movement decisions, but, perhaps less well appreciated, it also parametrises a model of animal movement. Of key interest is that this model can be propagated forwards in time to predict the space use patterns over broader spatial and temporal scales than those that pertain to the proximate movement decisions of animals. Here, we provide a guide for understanding and using the various existing techniques for scaling up step selection models to predict broad‐scale space use patterns. We give practical guidance on when to use which technique, as well as specific examples together with code in R and Python. By pulling together various disparate techniques into one place, and providing code and instructions in simple examples, we hope to highlight the importance of these techniques and make them accessible to a wider range of ecologists, ultimately helping expand the usefulness of SSA.
Keywords	animal ecology ; animals ; models
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 16-29.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13832
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Article ; Online: How to scale up from animal movement decisions to spatiotemporal patterns: An approach via step selection.

Potts, Jonathan R / Börger, Luca

The Journal of animal ecology

2022 Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 16–29

Abstract	Uncovering the mechanisms behind animal space use patterns is of vital importance for predictive ecology, thus conservation and management of ecosystems. Movement is a core driver of those patterns so understanding how movement mechanisms give rise to space use patterns has become an increasingly active area of research. This study focuses on a particular strand of research in this area, based around step selection analysis (SSA). SSA is a popular way of inferring drivers of movement decisions, but, perhaps less well appreciated, it also parametrises a model of animal movement. Of key interest is that this model can be propagated forwards in time to predict the space use patterns over broader spatial and temporal scales than those that pertain to the proximate movement decisions of animals. Here, we provide a guide for understanding and using the various existing techniques for scaling up step selection models to predict broad-scale space use patterns. We give practical guidance on when to use which technique, as well as specific examples together with code in R and Python. By pulling together various disparate techniques into one place, and providing code and instructions in simple examples, we hope to highlight the importance of these techniques and make them accessible to a wider range of ecologists, ultimately helping expand the usefulness of SSA.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Ecology/methods ; Movement
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13832
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Article: Advances in biologging can identify nuanced energetic costs and gains in predators.

English, Holly M / Börger, Luca / Kane, Adam / Ciuti, Simone

Movement ecology

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 7

Abstract: Foraging is a key driver of animal movement patterns, with specific challenges for predators which must search for mobile prey. These patterns are increasingly impacted by global changes, principally in land use and climate. Understanding the degree of ... ...

Abstract	Foraging is a key driver of animal movement patterns, with specific challenges for predators which must search for mobile prey. These patterns are increasingly impacted by global changes, principally in land use and climate. Understanding the degree of flexibility in predator foraging and social strategies is pertinent to wildlife conservation under global change, including potential top-down effects on wider ecosystems. Here we propose key future research directions to better understand foraging strategies and social flexibility in predators. In particular, rapid continued advances in biologging technology are helping to record and understand dynamic behavioural and movement responses of animals to environmental changes, and their energetic consequences. Data collection can be optimised by calibrating behavioural interpretation methods in captive settings and strategic tagging decisions within and between social groups. Importantly, many species' social systems are increasingly being found to be more flexible than originally described in the literature, which may be more readily detectable through biologging approaches than behavioural observation. Integrating the effects of the physical landscape and biotic interactions will be key to explaining and predicting animal movements and energetic balance in a changing world.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2724975-X
ISSN	2051-3933
ISSN	2051-3933
DOI	10.1186/s40462-024-00448-y
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Article ; Online: EDITORIAL: Stuck in motion? Reconnecting questions and tools in movement ecology.

Börger, Luca

The Journal of animal ecology

2016 Volume 85, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–10

MeSH term(s)	Animal Distribution ; Animals ; Ecology/instrumentation ; Ecology/methods ; Ecosystem ; Ethology/instrumentation ; Ethology/methods ; Homing Behavior ; Movement ; Population Density
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.12464
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Article ; Online: Body size and life history shape the historical biogeography of tetrapods.

Weil, Sarah-Sophie / Gallien, Laure / Nicolaï, Michaël P J / Lavergne, Sébastien / Börger, Luca / Allen, William L

Nature ecology & evolution

2023 Volume 7, Issue 9, Page(s) 1467–1479

Abstract: Dispersal across biogeographic barriers is a key process determining global patterns of biodiversity as it allows lineages to colonize and diversify in new realms. Here we demonstrate that past biogeographic dispersal events often depended on species' ... ...

Abstract	Dispersal across biogeographic barriers is a key process determining global patterns of biodiversity as it allows lineages to colonize and diversify in new realms. Here we demonstrate that past biogeographic dispersal events often depended on species' traits, by analysing 7,009 tetrapod species in 56 clades. Biogeographic models incorporating body size or life history accrued more statistical support than trait-independent models in 91% of clades. In these clades, dispersal rates increased by 28-32% for lineages with traits favouring successful biogeographic dispersal. Differences between clades in the effect magnitude of life history on dispersal rates are linked to the strength and type of biogeographic barriers and intra-clade trait variability. In many cases, large body sizes and fast life histories facilitate dispersal success. However, species with small bodies and/or slow life histories, or those with average traits, have an advantage in a minority of clades. Body size-dispersal relationships were related to a clade's average body size and life history strategy. These results provide important new insight into how traits have shaped the historical biogeography of tetrapod lineages and may impact present-day and future biogeographic dispersal.
MeSH term(s)	Biodiversity ; Body Size ; Life History Traits ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2397-334X
ISSN (online)	2397-334X
DOI	10.1038/s41559-023-02150-5
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Article ; Online: Human land use is comparable to climate as a driver of global plant occurrence and abundance across life forms

McKeon, Caroline M. / Kelly, Ruth / Börger, Luca / De Palma, Adriana / Buckley, Yvonne M.

Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2023 Sept., v. 32, no. 9 p.1618-1631

2023

Abstract: AIM: Historically, climate has been a dominant driver of global vegetation patterns. Recently, ecological understanding has been updated to acknowledge the influence of human land use (the dominant driver of biodiversity change) in shaping global ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Historically, climate has been a dominant driver of global vegetation patterns. Recently, ecological understanding has been updated to acknowledge the influence of human land use (the dominant driver of biodiversity change) in shaping global vegetation patterns. We test whether Raunkiær's life form, a plant classification system designed to reflect climatic drivers, affects how plants respond to both land use and climate. LOCATION: Forty‐one countries across six continents. TIME PERIOD: 1990 to 2013. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Terrestrial plants. METHODS: Combining data from the biodiversity and land use database PREDICTS, and plant trait databases TRY and BIEN, we use generalized linear mixed models with weighted effects coding to test whether Raunkiær's life form affects plant response to land use and climate in over 4800 species at over 300 sites globally. RESULTS: We provide evidence that human land use is comparable to climate in influencing life form occurrence and that land use produces divergent outcomes across life forms. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Combined with climatic suitability, land use acts as a filter contracting the realized niche of trees and expanding the realized niche of disturbance‐tolerant species. Our results highlight the fundamental role of human activity in shaping species' distribution.
Keywords	biodiversity ; biogeography ; climate ; databases ; humans ; land use ; plant response ; vegetation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Size	p. 1618-1631.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2021283-5
ISSN	1466-8238 ; 1466-822X ; 0960-7447
ISSN (online)	1466-8238
ISSN	1466-822X ; 0960-7447
DOI	10.1111/geb.13713
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Article ; Online: Worse sleep and increased energy expenditure yet no movement changes in sub-urban wild boar experiencing an influx of human visitors (anthropulse) during the COVID-19 pandemic

Olejarz, Astrid / Faltusová, Monika / Börger, Luca / Güldenpfennig, Justine / Jarský, Vilém / Ježek, Miloš / Mortlock, Euan / Silovský, Václav / Podgórski, Tomasz

Science of the Total Environment. 2023 June, v. 879 p.163106-

2023

Abstract: Expansion of urban areas, landscape transformation and increasing human outdoor activities strongly affect wildlife behaviour. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular led to drastic changes in human behaviour, exposing wildlife around the ... ...

Abstract	Expansion of urban areas, landscape transformation and increasing human outdoor activities strongly affect wildlife behaviour. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular led to drastic changes in human behaviour, exposing wildlife around the world to either reduced or increased human presence, potentially altering animal behaviour. Here, we investigate behavioural responses of wild boar (Sus scrofa) to changing numbers of human visitors to a suburban forest near Prague, Czech Republic, during the first 2.5 years of the COVID-19 epidemic (April 2019–November 2021). We used bio-logging and movement data of 63 GPS-collared wild boar and human visitation data based on an automatic counter installed in the field. We hypothesised that higher levels of human leisure activity will have a disturbing effect on wild boar behaviour manifested in increased movements and ranging, energy spent, and disrupted sleep patterns. Interestingly, whilst the number of people visiting the forest varied by two orders of magnitude (from 36 to 3431 people weekly), even high levels of human presence (>2000 visitors per week) did not affect weekly distance travelled, home range size, and maximum displacement of wild boar. Instead, individuals spent 41 % more energy at high levels of human presence (>2000 visitors per week), with more erratic sleep patterns, characterised by shorter and more frequent sleeping bouts. Our results highlight multifaceted effects of increased human activities (‘anthropulses’), such as those related to COVID-19 countermeasures, on animal behaviour. High human pressure may not affect animal movements or habitat use, especially in highly adaptable species such as wild boar, but may disrupt animal activity rhythms, with potentially detrimental fitness consequences. Such subtle behavioural responses can be overlooked if using only standard tracking technology.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Sus scrofa ; animal behavior ; energy expenditure ; environment ; forests ; home range ; human behavior ; humans ; landscapes ; people ; sleep deprivation ; wild boars ; wildlife ; Czech Republic ; Human impact ; Bio-logging ; COVID-19 lockdown ; Disturbance
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163106
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Article: Airflow modelling predicts seabird breeding habitat across islands

Lempidakis, Emmanouil / Ross, Andrew N. / Börger, Luca / Shepard, Emily L. C.

Ecography. 2022 Jan., v. 2022, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Wind is fundamentally related to shelter and flight performance: two factors that are critical for birds at their nest sites. Despite this, airflows have never been fully integrated into models of breeding habitat selection, even for well‐studied ... ...

Abstract	Wind is fundamentally related to shelter and flight performance: two factors that are critical for birds at their nest sites. Despite this, airflows have never been fully integrated into models of breeding habitat selection, even for well‐studied seabirds. Here, we use computational fluid dynamics to provide the first assessment of whether flow characteristics (including wind speed and turbulence) predict the distribution of seabird colonies, taking common guillemots Uria aalge breeding on Skomer Island as our study system. This demonstrates that occupancy is driven by the need to shelter from both wind and rain/wave action, rather than airflow characteristics alone. Models of airflows and cliff orientation both performed well in predicting high‐quality habitat in our study site, identifying 80% of colonies and 93% of avoided sites, as well as 73% of the largest colonies on a neighbouring island. This suggests generality in the mechanisms driving breeding distributions and provides an approach for identifying habitat for seabird reintroductions considering current and projected wind speeds and directions.
Keywords	Uria aalge ; air flow ; flight ; habitat preferences ; habitats ; nests ; rain ; seabirds ; turbulent flow ; wind speed
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1112659-0
ISSN	0906-7590
ISSN	0906-7590
DOI	10.1111/ecog.05733
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