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Article ; Online: Development and inter-rater reliability of a simple prehospital mobility score for use in emergency patients.

Asmussen, Søren Westh / Holme, Jacob Metze / Joensen, Kurt / Ibsen, Stine / Bøggild, Henrik / Christensen, Erika Frischknecht / Lindskou, Tim Alex

BMC emergency medicine

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 27

Abstract: Background: Mobility assessment enhances the ability of vital sign-based early warning scores to predict risk. Currently mobility is not routinely assessed in a standardized manner in Denmark during the ambulance transfer of unselected emergency ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mobility assessment enhances the ability of vital sign-based early warning scores to predict risk. Currently mobility is not routinely assessed in a standardized manner in Denmark during the ambulance transfer of unselected emergency patients. The aim of this study was to develop and test the inter-rater reliability of a simple prehospital mobility score for pre-hospital use in ambulances and to test its inter-rater reliability. Method: Following a pilot study, we developed a 4-level prehospital mobility score based of the question"How much help did the patient need to be mobilized to the ambulance trolley". Possible scores were no-, a little-, moderate-, and a lot of help. A cross-sectional study of inter-rater agreement among ambulance personnel was then carried out. Paramedics on ambulance runs in the North- and Central Denmark Region, as well as The Fareoe Islands, were included as a convenience sample between July 2020-May 2021. The simple prehospital mobility score was tested, both by the paramedics in the ambulance and by an additional observer. The study outcomes were inter-rater agreements by weighted kappa between the paramedics and between observers and paramedics. Results: We included 251 mobility assessments where the patient mobility was scored. Paramedics agreed on the mobility score for 202 patients (80,5%). For 47 (18.7%), there was a deviation of one between scores, in two (< 1%) there was a deviation of two and none had a deviation of three (Table 1). Inter-rater agreement between paramedics in all three regions showed a kappa-coefficient of 0.84 (CI 95%: 0.79;0.88). Between observers and paramedics in North Denmark Region and Faroe Islands the kappa-coefficient was 0.82 (CI 95%: 0.77;0.86). Conclusion: We developed a simple prehospital mobility score, which was feasible in a prehospital setting and with a high inter-rater agreement between paramedics and observers.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Pilot Projects ; Ambulances ; Hospitals ; Emergency Medical Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050431-7
ISSN	1471-227X ; 1471-227X
ISSN (online)	1471-227X
ISSN	1471-227X
DOI	10.1186/s12873-024-00944-9
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Article ; Online: Validation of retail food outlet data from a Danish government inspection database.

Bernsdorf, Kamille Almer / Bøggild, Henrik / Aadahl, Mette / Toft, Ulla

Nutrition journal

2022 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 60

Abstract: Background: Globally, unhealthy diet is one of the leading global risks to health, thus it is central to consider aspects of the food environment that are modifiable and may enable healthy eating. Food retail data can be used to present and facilitate ... ...

Abstract	Background: Globally, unhealthy diet is one of the leading global risks to health, thus it is central to consider aspects of the food environment that are modifiable and may enable healthy eating. Food retail data can be used to present and facilitate analyses of food environments that in turn may direct strategies towards improving dietary patterns among populations. Though food retail data are available in many countries, their completeness and accuracy differ. Methods: We applied a systematically name-based procedure combined with a manual procedure on Danish administrative food retailer data (i.e. the Smiley register) to identify, locate and classify food outlets. Food outlets were classified into the most commonly used classifications (i.e. fast food, restaurants, convenience stores, supermarkets, fruit and vegetable stores and miscellaneous) each divided into three commonly used definitions; narrow, moderate and broad. Classifications were based on branch code, name, and/or information on the internal and external appearance of the food outlet. From ground-truthing we validated the information in the register for its sensitivity and positive predictive value. Results: In 361 randomly selected areas of the Capital region of Denmark we identified a total of 1887 food outlets compared with 1861 identified in the register. We obtained a sensitivity of 0.75 and a positive predictive value of 0.76. Across classifications, the positive predictive values varied with highest values for the moderate and broad definitions of fast food, convenience stores and supermarkets (ranging from 0.89 to 0.97). Conclusion: Information from the Smiley Register is considered to be representative to the Danish food environment and may be used for future research.
MeSH term(s)	Commerce ; Denmark ; Food Supply ; Government ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics ; Restaurants ; Vegetables
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2091602-4
ISSN	1475-2891 ; 1475-2891
ISSN (online)	1475-2891
ISSN	1475-2891
DOI	10.1186/s12937-022-00809-6
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Article ; Online: Incidence of atrial fibrillation and flutter in Denmark in relation to country of origin: a nationwide register-based study.

Frydenlund, Juliane / Valentin, Jan Brink / Norredam, Marie / Bøggild, Henrik / Kragholm, Kristian Hay / Riahi, Sam / Frost, Lars / Johnsen, Søren Paaske

Scandinavian journal of public health

2024 , Page(s) 14034948231205822

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1475054-5
ISSN	1651-1905 ; 1403-4948
ISSN (online)	1651-1905
ISSN	1403-4948
DOI	10.1177/14034948231205822
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Zs.A 884: Show issues

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Article: Socioeconomic inequalities in interval colorectal cancer are explained by differences in faecal haemoglobin concentration and age: a register-based cohort study.

Deding, Ulrik / Kobaek-Larsen, Morten / Bøggild, Henrik / Kaalby, Lasse / Thygesen, Marianne Kirstine / Baatrup, Gunnar

BMJ open gastroenterology

2023 Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the risk of interval colorectal cancer (CRC) in faecal immunochemical test (FIT) negative screening participants according to socioeconomic status.: Design: In this register-based study, first round FIT negative (<20 µg hb/g ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To estimate the risk of interval colorectal cancer (CRC) in faecal immunochemical test (FIT) negative screening participants according to socioeconomic status. Design: In this register-based study, first round FIT negative (<20 µg hb/g faeces) screening participants (biennial FIT, citizens aged 50-74) were followed to estimate interval CRC risk. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models estimated HRs based on socioeconomic status defined by educational level and income. Models were adjusted for age, sex and FIT concentration. Results: We identified 829 (0.7‰) interval CRC in 1 160 902 individuals. Interval CRC was more common in lower socioeconomic strata with 0.7‰ for medium-long higher education compared with 1.0‰ for elementary school and 0.4‰ in the highest income quartile compared with 1.2‰ in the lowest. These differences did not translate into significant differences in HR in the multivariate analysis, as they were explained by FIT concentration and age. HR for interval CRC was 7.09 (95% CI) for FIT concentrations 11.9-19.8 µg hb/g faeces, and 3.37 (95% CI) for FIT between 7.2 and 11.8 compared with those <7.2. The HR rose with increasing age ranging from 2.06 (95% CI 1.45 to 2.93) to 7.60 (95% CI 5.63 to 10.25) compared with those under 55 years. Conclusion: Interval CRC risk increased with decreasing income, heavily influenced by lower income individuals more often being older and having increased FIT concentrations. Individualising screening interval based on age and FIT result, may decrease interval CRC rates, reduce the social gradient and thereby increase the screening efficiency.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Feces/chemistry ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Socioeconomic Factors
Chemical Substances	Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2054-4774
ISSN	2054-4774
DOI	10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001113
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Article ; Online: A classification system for identifying patients dead on ambulance arrival: a prehospital medical record review.

Petersen, Markus / Kjeldtoft, Fredderick Georg / Christensen, Erika Frischknecht / Bøggild, Henrik / Lindskou, Tim Alex

Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine

2023 Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 107

Abstract: Background: Patients dead before arrival of the ambulance or before arrival at hospital may be in- or excluded in mortality analyses, making comparison of mortality difficult. Often only physicians are allowed to declare death, thereby impeding uniform ... ...

Abstract	Background: Patients dead before arrival of the ambulance or before arrival at hospital may be in- or excluded in mortality analyses, making comparison of mortality difficult. Often only physicians are allowed to declare death, thereby impeding uniform registration of prehospital death. Many studies do not report detailed definitions of prehospital mortality. Our aim was to define criteria to identify and categorize prehospital patients' vital status, and to estimate the proportion of these groups, primarily the proportion of patients dead on ambulance arrival. Methods: Prehospital medical records review for patients receiving an ambulance in the North Denmark Region from 2019 to 2021 and registered dead on the same or the following day. We defined three vital status categories: (1) Dead on Ambulance Arrival (DOAA), (2) Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) divided into OHCA Basic Life Support (OHCA BLS) and OHCA Advanced treatment, and 3) Alive on Ambulance Arrival. Results: Among 3 174 dead patients, DOAA constituted 28.8%, OHCA BLS 13.4%, OHCA Advanced treatment 31.3%, and Alive on Ambulance Arrival 26.6%. Conclusion: We defined exhaustive and mutually exclusive criteria to define vital status, DOAA, OHCA, and Alive on Ambulance Arrival based on prehospital medical records. More than one out of four patients receiving an ambulance and registered dead on the same or the following day were dead already at ambulance arrival. Adding OHCA BLS where resuscitation was terminated without defibrillation or other treatment, increased the proportion of patients dead on ambulance arrival to 42%. We recommend reporting similar categories of vital status to improve valid comparisons of prehospital mortality rates.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ambulances ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Emergency Medical Services ; Hospitals ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2455990-8
ISSN	1757-7241 ; 1757-7241
ISSN (online)	1757-7241
ISSN	1757-7241
DOI	10.1186/s13049-023-01171-0
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Article ; Online: Socioeconomic inequity in incidence, outcomes and care for acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review.

Simoni, Amalie H / Frydenlund, Juliane / Kragholm, Kristian H / Bøggild, Henrik / Jensen, Svend E / Johnsen, Søren P

International journal of cardiology

2022 Volume 356, Page(s) 19–29

Abstract: Background: Socioeconomic inequities in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) epidemiology and care have been reported for at least 30-40 years. However, an up-to-date overview of evidence reflecting current clinical practice is not available. This systematic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Socioeconomic inequities in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) epidemiology and care have been reported for at least 30-40 years. However, an up-to-date overview of evidence reflecting current clinical practice is not available. This systematic review aimed to summarize literature published in the last decade, regarding the association between socioeconomic position (SEP), incidence and prevalence of ACS, post-ACS medical care, and mortality. Methods: The systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase restricted to publication year (2009-2021), according to predefined methods (PROSPERO: CRD42020197654). Results were classified according to outcomes and socioeconomic exposures, and the risk of bias was evaluated. Results: In total, 181 studies were included, mainly from high-income countries (81%). The majority showed an association between lower SEP (i.e. education, income, occupation, insurance, or composite SEP) and increased ACS incidence (89%)(incidence rate ratios: 1.1-4.7), increased ACS prevalence (88%)(odds ratios (ORs): 1.8-3.9), receiving suboptimal ACS-related medical care (46%)(ORs: 1.1-10.0), or increased post-ACS mortality (71%)(hazard rate ratios: 1.1-4.13). Studies with a lower risk of bias appeared more likely to describe inequity in favor of higher SEP than studies with a higher risk of bias. Conclusions: Across studies from the last decade, lower SEP is associated with higher risks of ACS, subsequent suboptimal medical care, and mortality among the ACS patients, in particular in studies with a lower risk of bias. This indicates considerable socioeconomic inequity among ACS patients internationally, despite low- and middle-low-income countries being inadequately represented. Thus, efforts are warranted to continuously monitor ACS-related socioeconomic inequity.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy ; Educational Status ; Humans ; Incidence ; Income ; Poverty ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.03.053
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Zs.A 1673: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Association of perceived work pace and physical work demands with occupational accidents: a cross-sectional study of ageing male construction workers in Denmark.

Hansen, Pernille Weber / Schlünssen, Vivi / Fonager, Kirsten / Bønløkke, Jakob Hjort / Hansen, Claus D / Bøggild, Henrik

BMC public health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 18

Abstract: Background: Occupational accidents continue to be a significant public health challenge worldwide. Construction workers in particular are at high risk of occupational accidents, and thus it is of major importance to identify possible predictors of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Occupational accidents continue to be a significant public health challenge worldwide. Construction workers in particular are at high risk of occupational accidents, and thus it is of major importance to identify possible predictors of occupational accidents among construction workers. We aimed to investigate the association between self-reported work pace and physical work demands and occupational accidents among ageing male construction workers in Denmark. Methods: Data on perceived work pace, physical work demands, and occupational accidents was acquired from questionnaires sent to ageing construction workers in Denmark in 2016 as part of the ALFA project (ALdring og Fysisk Arbejde; Ageing and Physical Work). A sample of 1270 Danish male construction workers above 50 years of age was included in the present study. Multiple logistic regression models were applied, with adjustments for age, smoking, body mass index, musculoskeletal disorders, occupation, work experience, and support at work. Results: Of 1270 construction workers, 166 (13.1%) reported an occupational accident within the last 12 months. There was no significant association between perceived work pace and occupational accidents, but physical work demands were associated with higher odds for occupational accidents, with an odds ratio of 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.26-4.10) for medium physical work demands and 2.62 (95% confidence interval 1.50-4.57) for high physical work demands. Conclusions: Ageing male construction workers with high physical work demands had statistically significant higher odds of having an occupational accident. By contrast, perceived work pace was not associated with occupational accidents in this large cross-sectional study.
MeSH term(s)	Accidents, Occupational ; Aging ; Construction Industry ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Denmark/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-021-12461-6
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Article ; Online: Prevalence and mortality among patients with COPD hospitalised by ambulance in the 2007-2018 period.

Syndergaard, Julie / Kolte, Julie Vogel / Jørgensen, Linea Rosenberg / Lindskou, Tim Alex / Christensen, Erika Frischknecht / Bøggild, Henrik

Danish medical journal

2022 Volume 69, Issue 11

Abstract: Introduction: Severe exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may require acute medical attention by calling the emergency medical services (EMS) for an ambulance. The 30-day mortality for EMS patients with respiratory diseases ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Severe exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may require acute medical attention by calling the emergency medical services (EMS) for an ambulance. The 30-day mortality for EMS patients with respiratory diseases appears to have stagnated, which may be due to changes in age, comorbidity or disease severity. We examined trends of occurrence, severity and mortality for EMS patients with COPD. Methods: A historical population-based cohort study was conducted encompassing patients with COPD who requested an ambulance in the North Denmark Region in the 2007-2018 period. We described acute severity by oxygen saturation and respiratory rate at the arrival of the ambulance along with comorbidity and duration of hospitalisation. Results: A total of 5,969 EMS patients with COPD were identified and the figure nearly doubled from 2007 to 2018. Age and comorbidity were higher in the last part of the period. Furthermore, the initial respiratory rate was higher, oxygen saturation was lower and the duration of hospitalisation was lower in the last part of the period. The 30-day mortality rose from 12.6% to 15.4%, but the odds ratio was not statistically higher and decreased after adjustment. Conclusions: COPD constituted increasing proportions of those admitted to hospital after calling the EMS. The mortality among EMS patients with COPD may be due to patients being older, having more comorbidities or being more severely acutely ill. The mortality suggests that COPD patients requesting an ambulance should be considered severely ill. Funding: none. Trial registration: not relevant.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ambulances ; Prevalence ; Cohort Studies ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy ; Comorbidity
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-20
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2648771-8
ISSN	2245-1919 ; 2245-1919
ISSN (online)	2245-1919
ISSN	2245-1919
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Article ; Online: Use of the least intrusive coercion at Danish psychiatric wards: A register-based cohort study of 131,632 first and subsequent coercive episodes within 35,812 admissions.

Linkhorst, Thea / Birkeland, Søren Fryd / Gildberg, Frederik Alkier / Mainz, Jan / Torp-Pedersen, Christian / Bøggild, Henrik

International journal of law and psychiatry

2022 Volume 85, Page(s) 101838

Abstract: Objective: Psychiatric legislation in Denmark implies a principle of using the least intrusive types of coercion first. The intrusiveness is not universally agreed upon. We examined the order in which coercive measures during admission were used, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Psychiatric legislation in Denmark implies a principle of using the least intrusive types of coercion first. The intrusiveness is not universally agreed upon. We examined the order in which coercive measures during admission were used, implying that the first used should be less intrusive than the following types. Methods: For coercive episodes reported to the national administrative register for the period 2011-16, the order of 12 legal coercive interventions during each admission was examined. Comparing with mechanical restraint, the odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (95%CI) of being first or subsequent used types were estimated using conditioned (96,611 episodes) and unconditioned (131,632 episodes) logistic regression models, stratified on sex. Results: Totally 17,796 patients aged 18+ were subjected to at least one coercive episode. The median time between admission and the first episode was 4 days in men and 6 for women. For females, involuntary detention, forced feeding, coercive treatment of somatic disorder, locking of doors and close observations in females were used before mechanical restraint, and forced follow-up, involuntary electro convulsive therapy (ECT), forced treatment, use of gloves and straps, physical restraint and forced intramuscular medication was used later. In men, only involuntary detention was used before mechanical restraint, while involuntary ECT, close observations, administration of drugs, use of gloves and straps, physical restraint and forced intramuscular medication was used after mechanical restraint. Conclusion: The order of used coercive measures is not consistent with the international ranking of the least intrusive types, especially in men and in younger adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Psychiatric Department, Hospital ; Coercion ; Cohort Studies ; Mental Disorders/therapy ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Restraint, Physical/psychology ; Denmark ; Hospitals, Psychiatric
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	304429-4
ISSN	1873-6386 ; 0160-2527
ISSN (online)	1873-6386
ISSN	0160-2527
DOI	10.1016/j.ijlp.2022.101838
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Zs.A 1430: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Prevalence of nocturia and fecal and urinary incontinence and the association to childhood obesity: a study of 6803 Danish school children.

Warner, T C / Baandrup, U / Jacobsen, R / Bøggild, H / Aunsholt Østergaard, P S / Hagstrøm, S

Journal of pediatric urology

2019 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 225.e1–225.e8

Abstract: Introduction: Fecal and urinary incontinence are common disorders in children. Obesity and its associated comorbidities have become increasingly common, and a relation between obesity, nocturia, incontinence, and nocturnal enuresis has been suggested.!## ...

Abstract	Introduction: Fecal and urinary incontinence are common disorders in children. Obesity and its associated comorbidities have become increasingly common, and a relation between obesity, nocturia, incontinence, and nocturnal enuresis has been suggested. Objective: This large scale population study aims to determine the prevalence of fecal incontinence (FI), daytime urinary incontinence (DUI), nocturnal enuresis (NE), and nocturia in children at school entry and in adolescence and to clarify whether obesity is associated to any of the aforementioned symptoms. Study design: First-grade children and their parents and adolescents in the seventh to ninth grades were interviewed in relation to school nurse visits. The interview included questions on whether incontinence or nocturia were experienced at least once per month. The participants' age was recorded, and weight and height were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and age standardized by the use of BMI-standard deviation score (SDS), with reference to World Health Organization normative BMI data. Obesity was defined as BMI-SDS >2. Associations between obesity and incontinence and nocturia were quantified by odds ratio (OR). Results: Completed interview questionnaires and measurements were obtained from 4002 children (95.1%) in the child population and 2801 adolescents (84.4%) in the adolescent population. The mean age of children was 6.45 ± 0.39 years, and 4.4% were obese. Overall 11.2% reported FI, 21.8% DUI, 16.8% NE, and 31.4% experienced nocturia. Obesity was associated with FI in first-grade boys (OR 1.86 compared with normal weight). Mean age of adolescents was 13.9 ± 0.85 years, and 7.6% of adolescent boys and 5.5% of the girls were obese. Fecal incontinence was reported by 2.1% of the adolescents, 4.5% had DUI, 1.0% stated to have NE, and 32.3% reported nocturia. Obesity was significantly associated with nocturia in adolescents (OR 1.74-2.01). Discussion: The prevalence of nocturia seems constant throughout childhood and adolescent life; this has not previously been documented. Incontinence is very common at school entry, with DUI reported more frequently than enuresis by both children and adolescents. Obesity is associated with nocturia in adolescents and FI in first-grade boys, but no significant association between obesity and NE or DUI is found. Strength of this study is the very high participation rates, but the study does not reveal information on previous treatment, subtype, or severity of symptoms. Conclusions: Incontinence is very common in children. One-third of both children and adolescents experience nocturia. Obesity is associated with FI in first-grade boys and nocturia in adolescents.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Denmark/epidemiology ; Fecal Incontinence/epidemiology ; Fecal Incontinence/etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nocturia/epidemiology ; Nocturia/etiology ; Pediatric Obesity/complications ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology ; Urinary Incontinence/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	2237683-5
ISSN	1873-4898 ; 1477-5131
ISSN (online)	1873-4898
ISSN	1477-5131
DOI	10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.02.004
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