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Article ; Online: A revision of the Chilean water penny genus Tychepsephus Waterhouse, 1876 (Coleoptera, Psephenidae, Eubriinae), with description of a second species and two larval morphotypes, and notes on other Chilean Psephenidae

William D. Shepard / Cheryl B. Barr

ZooKeys, Vol 1164, Iss , Pp 23-

2023 Volume 61

Abstract: The Chilean water penny genus Tychepsephus Waterhouse, 1876 is revised, with descriptions and photographic illustrations of life stages including two larval morphotypes, the pupa of one morphotype, and adults of two species. The pupa of Tychepsephus has ... ...

Abstract	The Chilean water penny genus Tychepsephus Waterhouse, 1876 is revised, with descriptions and photographic illustrations of life stages including two larval morphotypes, the pupa of one morphotype, and adults of two species. The pupa of Tychepsephus has not been reported previously. Tychepsephus cekalovici sp. nov. is described, and Ectopria (Chilectopria) grandis Pic, 1947, syn. nov. is proposed as a new synonym of Tychepsephus felix Waterhouse, 1876, which is redescribed. Taxonomic treatment of the adults of both species includes images of the habitus of males and females, morphological variation, and male and female genitalia. Males and females are sexually dimorphic. Information on the habitat of Tychepsephus is provided and illustrated with photographs, and the known geographic distribution of the two species is mapped. The occurrence of Tychepsephus in Argentina is reported; therefore, the genus no longer can be considered endemic to Chile. The taxonomic status and geographic distribution in South America of other species of Psephenidae, particularly members of the subfamily Eubriinae, is reviewed.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Amazonopsis, an unusual new genus of riffle beetle from South America with two new species (Coleoptera, Elmidae, Elminae)

Cheryl B. Barr

ZooKeys, Vol 803, Iss , Pp 71-

2018 Volume 92

Abstract: Amazonopsis gen. n. is described to include A. theranyi sp. n. from Peru, Venezuela and French Guiana, and A. camachoi sp. n. from Venezuela. The descriptions are accompanied by figures illustrating the male and female habitus of A. theranyi, the male ... ...

Abstract	Amazonopsis gen. n. is described to include A. theranyi sp. n. from Peru, Venezuela and French Guiana, and A. camachoi sp. n. from Venezuela. The descriptions are accompanied by figures illustrating the male and female habitus of A. theranyi, the male habitus of A. camachoi, and male genitalia of both species. Amazonopsis theranyi exhibits pronounced secondary sexual dimorphism which likewise may be a characteristic of the genus. Amazonopsis males have modified protarsal and mesotarsal claws, a pair of small spines on the anterior prosternum, and a pair of ventrally directed processes on the posterior metaventrite. Females of A. theranyi display a pair of unique, oval perforations in the cuticle of the pronotum and have unmodified claws; females of A. camachoi are unknown. Descriptions are furnished of the stream habitats and microhabitats where the study specimens were collected.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Placental transcriptome variation associated with season, location, and urinary prenatal pyrethroid metabolites of Thai farm-working women.

Wang, Yewei / Hermetz, Karen / Burt, Amber / Kennedy, Elizabeth M / Lesseur, Corina / Panuwet, Parinya / Fiedler, Nancy / Prapamontol, Tippawan / Suttiwan, Panrapee / Naksen, Warangkana / B Barr, Dana / Hao, Ke / Chen, Jia / Marsit, Carmen J

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2024 Volume 349, Page(s) 123873

Abstract: Prenatal exposure to pyrethroids is linked to adverse health effects in early life and proper placental function is critical to fetal development. This study explores the impact of prenatal pyrethroid exposure, as well as factors impacting exposure and ... ...

Abstract	Prenatal exposure to pyrethroids is linked to adverse health effects in early life and proper placental function is critical to fetal development. This study explores the impact of prenatal pyrethroid exposure, as well as factors impacting exposure and effect, on the placental transcriptome, to understand pyrethroid exposures' relationship to placental function. The study of Asian Women and their Offspring's Development and Environmental Exposures (SAWASDEE) recruited pregnant farm-working women from two agricultural districts in the Chiang Mai province of Thailand between 2017 and 2019. This cohort was predominantly exposed to cypermethrin (type II), alongside pyrethroids such as cyfluthrin (type II) and permethrin (type I). In 253 participants, maternal urinary pyrethroid metabolites, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (PBA), cis-3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (CDCCA), and trans-3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (TDCCA) were measured in early, middle, and late pregnancy and adjusted for urinary creatinine. The placental transcriptome was analyzed using RNA-Seq. Using generalized linear regression, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the sum of each metabolite across pregnancy, as well as those associated with location of residence and season of birth. Pathway and upstream transcription factor analyses were performed to examine potential mechanisms associated with DEGs. Notably, TDCCA and CDCCA levels peaked in late pregnancy, with significant regional differences, particularly higher levels in the Fang region. Placental gene expression analysis showed no DEGs associated with individual metabolites at FDR<0.05. However, 251 DEGs by location, implicating immune response and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, were identified, while season of birth was associated with 2585 DEGs, over-represented in fibrosis signaling and metabolism pathways. Finally, transcription factor analysis identified 226 and 282 transcription factors associated with location and season, respectively, related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and the immune system. These alterations may have significant implications for fetal development and other pathologic processes, highlighting the importance of monitoring environmental exposures during pregnancy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123873
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A review of the Larainae of Australia with description of seven new species and the new genus Australara (Coleoptera, Byrrhoidea, Elmidae)

Cheryl B. Barr / William D. Shepard

ZooKeys, Vol 1073, Iss , Pp 55-

2021 Volume 117

Abstract: The three genera and four species of Larainae (Elmidae) previously described from Australia are reviewed, and one new genus and seven new species are described: Australara glaisteri gen. et sp. nov., Ovolara lawrencei sp. nov., Ovolara monteithi sp. nov., ...

Abstract	The three genera and four species of Larainae (Elmidae) previously described from Australia are reviewed, and one new genus and seven new species are described: Australara glaisteri gen. et sp. nov., Ovolara lawrencei sp. nov., Ovolara monteithi sp. nov., Stetholus carinatus sp. nov., Stetholus longipennis sp. nov., Stetholus metatibialis sp. nov., and Stetholus woronora sp. nov. A lectotype is designated for Hydora laticeps (Carter & Zeck), and the first new collection records of the species are reported since its description in 1932. The occurrence in Australia of Potamophilinus papuanus Satô, described from Papua New Guinea, is reported. A key to the species, photographic images of the external morphology and male genitalia, distribution maps, and habitat and behavioral information, when known, are provided for all twelve species of Australian Larainae.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Review of Discrete Element Method Simulations of Soil Tillage and Furrow Opening

Kojo Atta Aikins / Mustafa Ucgul / James B. Barr / Emmanuel Awuah / Diogenes L. Antille / Troy A. Jensen / Jacky M. A. Desbiolles

Agriculture, Vol 13, Iss 541, p

2023 Volume 541

Abstract: In agricultural machinery design and optimization, the discrete element method (DEM) has played a major role due to its ability to speed up the design and manufacturing process by reducing multiple prototyping, testing, and evaluation under experimental ... ...

Abstract	In agricultural machinery design and optimization, the discrete element method (DEM) has played a major role due to its ability to speed up the design and manufacturing process by reducing multiple prototyping, testing, and evaluation under experimental conditions. In the field of soil dynamics, DEM has been mainly applied in the design and optimization of soil-engaging tools, especially tillage tools and furrow openers. This numerical method is able to capture the dynamic and bulk behaviour of soils and soil–tool interactions. This review focused on the various aspects of the application of DEM in the simulation of tillage and furrow opening for tool design optimization. Different contact models, particle sizes and shapes, and calibration techniques for determining input parameters for tillage and furrow opening research have been reviewed. Discrete element method predictions of furrow profiles, disturbed soil surface profiles, soil failure, loosening, disturbance parameters, reaction forces, and the various types of soils modelled with DEM have also been highlighted. This pool of information consolidates existing working approaches used in prior studies and helps to identify knowledge gaps which, if addressed, will advance the current soil dynamics modelling capability.
Keywords	calibration ; DEM contact models ; soil dynamics ; soil failure ; soil forces ; cohesive and frictional soils ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Community‐Engaged Assessment of Soil Lead Contamination in Atlanta Urban Growing Spaces

Samuel J. W. Peters / Sydney M. Warner / Eri Saikawa / P. Barry Ryan / Parinya Panuwet / Dana B. Barr / Priya E. D'Souza / Gil Frank / Rosario Hernandez / Taranji Alvarado / Arthur Hines / Chris Theal

GeoHealth, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

2023

Abstract: Abstract Urban agriculture is emerging as a method to improve food security and public health in cities across the United States. However, an increased risk of exposure to heavy metals and metalloids (HMM) exists through interaction with contaminated ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Urban agriculture is emerging as a method to improve food security and public health in cities across the United States. However, an increased risk of exposure to heavy metals and metalloids (HMM) exists through interaction with contaminated soil. Community‐engaged research (CEnR) is one method that can promote the inclusion of all partners when studying exposures such as HMM in soil. Researchers and community gardeners co‐designed this study to measure the concentrations of lead (Pb), using X‐Ray Fluorescence (XRF) verified with Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS) in soils from 19 urban agricultural and residential sites in the Westside of Atlanta and three rural sites in Georgia. Seventeen other HMM were measured but not included in this study, because they did not pose risks to the community comparable to elevated Pb levels. Pb concentrations were compared to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s regional screening levels (RSLs) for residential soil and the University of Georgia (UGA) extension service's low‐risk levels (LRLs) for agriculture. Soils from the majority of sites had levels below EPA RSLs for Pb, yet above the UGA LRL. However, soil Pb concentrations were three times higher than the EPA RSL on some sites that contained metal refining waste or slag. Our findings led to direct action by local and federal government agencies to initiate the cleanup of slag residue. Studies involving exposures to communities should engage those affected throughout the process for maximum impact.
Keywords	community‐engaged research ; urban agriculture ; heavy metals ; regional screening levels ; soil ; Environmental protection ; TD169-171.8
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prenatal maternal organophosphorus pesticide exposures, paraoxonase 1, and childhood adiposity in the Mount Sinai Children’s Environmental Health Study

Taylor M. Etzel / Stephanie M. Engel / Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá / Jia Chen / Dana B. Barr / Mary S. Wolff / Jessie P. Buckley

Environment International, Vol 142, Iss , Pp 105858- (2020)

2020

Abstract: Background: Animal studies suggest that organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) may be environmental obesogens. While prenatal OP exposures have been associated with altered infant glucose metabolism, associations with pediatric adiposity remain unknown. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Animal studies suggest that organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) may be environmental obesogens. While prenatal OP exposures have been associated with altered infant glucose metabolism, associations with pediatric adiposity remain unknown. Methods: We summed concentrations of three dimethylphosphate (∑DMP) and three diethylphosphate (∑DEP) metabolites of OPs measured in third trimester spot urine samples collected from pregnant women enrolled in New York City, 1998–2002. We measured percent fat mass using bio-electrical impedance analysis and calculated age- and sex-standardized body mass index (BMI) z-scores from anthropometric measurements collected at approximately 4, 6, and 7–9 years of age (166 children, 333 observations). We assessed covariate-adjusted associations of OPs with repeated adiposity measures using linear mixed models and evaluated effect measure modification (EMM) by sex and paroxonase (PON) 1 –108C/T and Q192R polymorphisms measured in maternal peripheral blood samples. Results: The geometric mean urinary concentration of ∑DMP metabolites (29.9 nmol/L, IQR: 105.2 nmol/L) was higher than ∑DEP metabolites (8.8 nmol/L, IQR: 31.2 nmol/L). Adjusted associations were null, with differences in fat mass per 10-fold increase in prenatal ∑DMP and ∑DEP concentrations of 0.7% (95% CI: −0.6, 2.0) and 0.8% (95% CI: −0.4, 2.0), respectively. Maternal PON1-108C/T polymorphisms modified relationships of prenatal ∑DMP with percent fat mass (EMM p-value = 0.18) and ∑DEP with BMI z-scores (EMM p-value = 0.12). For example, ∑DMP was modestly associated with increased percent fat mass among children of mothers with the at-risk CT or TT genotype (β = 1.2%, 95% CI: −0.6, 3.0) but not among those whose mothers had the CC genotype (β = −0.4%, 95% CI: −2.4, 1.5). Associations were not modified by sex or maternal PON1 Q192R polymorphisms. Conclusions: We observed little evidence of a relationship between prenatal OP exposures and child adiposity, although there was some suggestion of increased risk among ...
Keywords	Maternal exposures ; Organophosphorus compounds ; Children’s health ; Adiposity ; Paraoxonase-1 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Gestation length and racing performance in 115 Thoroughbred foals with incomplete tarsal ossification

Haywood, L / D. L. SpikeâPierce / B. Barr / D. Mathys / D. Mollenkopf

Equine veterinary journal. 2018 Jan., v. 50, no. 1

2018

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Incomplete ossification of the cuboidal bones of the carpus and tarsus in foals has the potential for significant consequences including chronic lameness and decreased athletic ability. OBJECTIVES: To determine if the degree of ossification ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Incomplete ossification of the cuboidal bones of the carpus and tarsus in foals has the potential for significant consequences including chronic lameness and decreased athletic ability. OBJECTIVES: To determine if the degree of ossification of the cuboidal bones is associated with gestational length and if the diagnosis of incomplete ossification is a predictor of performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: The medical records of Thoroughbred foals less than 90 days of age from 1994 to 2011 were examined and records containing tarsal radiographs identified. Radiographs of the tarsus were examined for signs of incomplete ossification and those that were incompletely ossified graded on a scale of 1â4 using a modification of a previously reported index, with Grade 1 being the least ossified and Grade 4 being the most. Gestational length was determined by examining breeding records and foaling dates reported to the Jockey Club. Race records for 2â and 3âyearâold affected foals and their maternal siblings were obtained and compared. RESULTS: Foals with Grades 1 and 2 ossification were usually premature (gestation length <325 days), but Grades 3 and 4 were not. Foals with Grades 2 and 3 ossification were significantly less likely to race than their maternal siblings and Grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 foals earned less money. MAIN LIMITATIONS: A larger sample size of foals with Grade 1 ossification would increase the power of the study. Foals radiographed at an older age may have had lower ossification scores if radiographed earlier. CONCLUSIONS: Incomplete ossification, especially Grades 1 and 2, is associated with a short gestation length. Foals with Grades 2 and 3 incomplete ossification were less likely to race and Grades 1, 2 and 3 earned around $30,000 less than their maternal siblings.
Keywords	Thoroughbred ; bone formation ; breeding ; carpus ; cohort studies ; foaling ; foals ; gestation period ; lameness ; medical records ; racehorses ; racing performance ; radiography ; siblings
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-01
Size	p. 29-33.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	41606-x
ISSN	0425-1644
ISSN	0425-1644
DOI	10.1111/evj.12712
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Neuropsicología en epilepsia

Pérez J. Carolina, Ps. / Dr. B. Barr William

Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes, Vol 24, Iss 6, Pp 987-

2013 Volume 994

Abstract: La presencia de alteraciones cognitivas, conductuales y emocionales son la regla más que la excepción en pacientes con epilepsia. Estas alteraciones pueden preceder a las propias crisis epilépticas, constituyendo la primera manifestación de una ... ...

Abstract	La presencia de alteraciones cognitivas, conductuales y emocionales son la regla más que la excepción en pacientes con epilepsia. Estas alteraciones pueden preceder a las propias crisis epilépticas, constituyendo la primera manifestación de una disfunción cerebral específica o global, que se manifestará luego como una epilepsia propiamente tal. En otras ocasiones, estas alteraciones pueden ser secundarias a las características de la patología, como tipo y frecuencia de crisis; a los efectos adversos a los fármacos antiepilépticos; a los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos comúnmente asociados con esta patología, y/o a las alteraciones psico-sociales y académicas asociadas. Los neuropsicólogos participamos en la evaluación de las repercusiones cognitivas, emocionales, conductuales y sociales, para apoyar en el proceso diagnóstico y, sobre todo en el manejo integral de cada paciente, con el objetivo de mejorar su calidad de vida.
Keywords	Neuropsicología ; evaluación neuropsicológica ; epilepsia ; desempeño cognitivo ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Postprandial energy expenditure in whole-food and processed-food meals

Sadie B. Barr / Jonathan C. Wright

Food & Nutrition Research, Vol 54, Iss 0, Pp 1-

implications for daily energy expenditure

2010 Volume 9

Abstract: Background: Empirical evidence has shown that rising obesity rates closely parallel the increased consumption of processed foods (PF) consumption in USA. Differences in postprandial thermogenic responses to a whole-food (WF) meal vs. a PF meal may be a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Empirical evidence has shown that rising obesity rates closely parallel the increased consumption of processed foods (PF) consumption in USA. Differences in postprandial thermogenic responses to a whole-food (WF) meal vs. a PF meal may be a key factor in explaining obesity trends, but currently there is limited research exploring this potential link. Objective: The goal was to determine if a particular PF meal has a greater thermodynamic efficiency than a comparable WF meal, thereby conferring a greater net-energy intake. Design: Subjective satiation scores and postprandial energy expenditure were measured for 5–6 h after isoenergetic meals were ingested. The meals were either ‘whole’ or ‘processed’ cheese sandwiches; multi-grain bread and cheddar cheese were deemed whole, while white bread and processed cheese product were considered processed. Meals were comparable in terms of protein (15–20%), carbohydrate (40–50%), and fat (33–39%) composition. Subjects were healthy women (n=12) and men (n=5) studied in a crossover design. Results: There were no significant differences in satiety ratings after the two meals. Average energy expenditure for the WF meal (137±14.1 kcal, 19.9% of meal energy) was significantly larger than for the PF meal (73.1±10.2 kcal, 10.7% of meal energy). Conclusion: Ingestion of the particular PF meal tested in this study decreases postprandial energy expenditure by nearly 50% compared with the isoenergetic WF meal. This reduction in daily energy expenditure has potential implications for diets comprised heavily of PFs and their associations with obesity.
Keywords	diet ; nutrition ; DIT ; food processing ; energy ; metabolism ; obesity ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641 ; Home economics ; TX1-1110 ; Technology ; T ; DOAJ:Nutrition and Food Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Co-Action Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
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