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Article ; Online: Injectable therapies for knee osteoarthritis

Jack B. Ding / Kevin Hu

Rheumatology, Vol 59, Iss 5, Pp 330-

2021 Volume 339

Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthritis that mainly affects older adults. Over time, osteoarthritis can result in significant and sustained discomfort, pain, and disability. Current treatment focuses on the alleviation of pain and functional ... ...

Abstract	Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthritis that mainly affects older adults. Over time, osteoarthritis can result in significant and sustained discomfort, pain, and disability. Current treatment focuses on the alleviation of pain and functional impairment. While arthroplasty is the definitive management option, it subjects patients to surgical complications, and the possibility of surgical revisions. In addition, many patients are not surgical candidates. Instead, pharmacological therapy is recommended first-line for most patients. On top of pharmacological therapy, there are a range of non-operative procedural options available. However, leading professional guidelines vary in their recommendations for these agents. Therefore, we present a review of recent randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses on injectable corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid (HA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cell injections, and ozone therapy. The preliminary data reveal the strongest evidence in favour of corticosteroid injections, although there are promising findings regarding the long-term efficacy of HA and PRP.
Keywords	osteoarthritis ; hyaluronic acid ; platelet-rich plasma ; intra-articular corticosteroids ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Termedia Publishing House
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intravenous fluid therapy

Jack B. Ding / Thomas C. Varkey

BMC Medical Education, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a multi-national, cross-sectional survey of common medical student resources

2022 Volume 6

Abstract: Abstract Background Inappropriate prescription of intravenous fluid therapy is highly prevalent in hospitals, with up to 1 in 5 patients suffering from preventable, additional morbidity. Since trainee physicians are frequently responsible for prescribing ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Inappropriate prescription of intravenous fluid therapy is highly prevalent in hospitals, with up to 1 in 5 patients suffering from preventable, additional morbidity. Since trainee physicians are frequently responsible for prescribing intravenous fluids, it is possible that common medical student resources do not sufficiently cover the topic. There is a paucity of recent literature on this issue, which this study was designed to address. Methods Two original evaluation tools were created by the authors to evaluate reference books, official guidelines, and online reference sources commonly used by medical students in the United States of America, Australia, and the United Kingdom on their coverage of foundational and clinically relevant principles of intravenous fluid prescription. The choice of student resources was guided by a literature search and personal experience. A total of 10 resources was assessed. Results Resources were generally deficit in their coverage of basic intravenous fluid topics. The total points each topic accumulated ranged from 0.5 (5%) to 7.5 (75%), with the median score being 4.5 (45%), on a scale from 0 to 10 points. Conclusions Popular medical student resources poorly cover intravenous fluid therapy topics. This may be contributing to inadequate fluid prescribing practices.
Keywords	Intravenous fluid therapy ; Medical education ; Medical student resources ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Implementation and evaluation of an elective quality improvement curriculum for preclinical students

Jacqueline V. Aredo / Jack B. Ding / Cara H. Lai / Richard Trimble / Rebecca A. Bromley-Dulfano / Rita A. Popat / Lisa Shieh

BMC Medical Education, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a prospective controlled study

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Background Quality improvement (QI) is a systematic approach to improving healthcare delivery with applications across all fields of medicine. However, exposure to QI is minimal in early medical education. We evaluated the effectiveness of an ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Quality improvement (QI) is a systematic approach to improving healthcare delivery with applications across all fields of medicine. However, exposure to QI is minimal in early medical education. We evaluated the effectiveness of an elective QI curriculum in teaching preclinical health professional students foundational QI concepts. Methods This prospective controlled cohort study was conducted at a single academic institution. The elective QI curriculum consisted of web-based video didactics and exercises, supplemented with in-person classroom discussions. An optional hospital-based QI project was offered. Assessments included pre- and post-intervention surveys evaluating QI skills and beliefs and attitudes, quizzes, and Quality Improvement Knowledge Application Tool-Revised (QIKAT-R) cases. Within-group pre-post and between-group comparisons were performed using descriptive statistics. Results Overall, 57 preclinical medical or physician assistant students participated under the QI curriculum group (N = 27) or control group (N = 30). Twenty-three (85%) curriculum students completed a QI project. Mean quiz scores were significantly improved in the curriculum group from pre- to post-assessment (Quiz 1: 2.0, P < 0.001; Quiz 2: 1.7, P = 0.002), and the mean differences significantly differed from those in the control group (Quiz 1: P < 0.001; Quiz 2: P = 0.010). QIKAT-R scores also significantly differed among the curriculum group versus controls (P = 0.012). In the curriculum group, students had improvements in their confidence with all 10 QI skills assessed, including 8 that were significantly improved from pre- to post-assessment, and 4 with significant between-group differences compared with controls. Students in both groups agreed that their medical education would be incomplete without a QI component and that they are likely to be involved in QI projects throughout their medical training and practice. Conclusions The elective QI curriculum was effective in guiding preclinical ...
Keywords	Quality improvement ; Curriculum ; Preclinical ; Medical student ; Physician assistant student ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	420
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Misuse

Jack B. Ding / Marcus Z. Ng / Steven S. Huang / Mark Ding / Kevin Hu

Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol

Mechanisms, Patterns of Misuse, User Typology, and Adverse Effects

2021 Volume 2021

Abstract: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) encompass a broad group of natural and synthetic androgens. AAS misuse is highly prevalent on a global scale, with the lifetime prevalence of AAS misuse in males being estimated to be around 6%, with 15 to 25% of male ... ...

Abstract	Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) encompass a broad group of natural and synthetic androgens. AAS misuse is highly prevalent on a global scale, with the lifetime prevalence of AAS misuse in males being estimated to be around 6%, with 15 to 25% of male gym attendees using it at any one time. AAS are associated with sudden cardiac death, neuropsychiatric manifestations, and infertility. The average AAS user is unlikely to voluntarily declare their usage to a physician, with around 1 in 10 actively engaging in unsafe injection techniques. The aim of this paper is to review the current evidence base on AAS with emphasis on mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and user profiles that are most likely to engage in AAS misuse. This paper also reviews terminologies and uses methods specific to the AAS user community.
Keywords	Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Learning or Memorization

Thomas C. Varkey / Zachary I. Merhavy / Rhonda M. J. Varkey / Jack B. Ding / John A. Varkey

Galician Medical Journal, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp E202211-E

Self-Directed Medical School Curriculum and the Dangers of Overemphasizing Student Selected Ancillary Resources

2022 Volume 202211

Abstract: This article is a response to an opinion article, authored by Wu JH et al. and published in JAMA 2021, vol 326 (20) which suggested the that pre-clinical (first two) years of medical school curriculum should revolve around “high-yield” resources as the ... ...

Abstract	This article is a response to an opinion article, authored by Wu JH et al. and published in JAMA 2021, vol 326 (20) which suggested the that pre-clinical (first two) years of medical school curriculum should revolve around “high-yield” resources as the dominant teaching tool. The article posited that this highly controversial view was the best way to engage with students and was published in a well-read and utilized medical journal. Due to the growing divide between learning resources provided by medical schools and outside resources actually utilized by students, the conclusions drawn in the mentioned opinion article were understandable but interpreted in the wrong vein. Herein, the authors review landmark changes in medical education over the last century and the underpinning rationale to preface their examination of the suggested changes from the mentioned opinion article. The authors conclude with recommendations from a student perspective and a continuation of the last 100 years of advancements.
Keywords	medical students ; curriculum ; education ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	941
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Comparison of Australian and American Medical School Admission Experiences

Jack B. Ding / Xin L. Xiao / Zachary I. Merhavy / David Fahim / Cheney E. Merhavy / Thomas C. Varkey

International Journal of Medical Students, Vol 10, Iss

2022 Volume 2

Abstract: Attaining admission into medical school has been described as a very competitive process by successful matriculants. The processes that medical schools use to classify applicants can greatly differ among institutions. These systemic differences flow over ...

Abstract	Attaining admission into medical school has been described as a very competitive process by successful matriculants. The processes that medical schools use to classify applicants can greatly differ among institutions. These systemic differences flow over onto the applicant level, such that individuals from different geographic regions can have varied and diverse application experiences depending on local medical school admissions protocols. This piece compares the medical school admission processes of Australia and the United States of America, in the form of a narrative recount of a successful medical school matriculant in each country, with the individual experiences of matriculants from alternative pathways blended into the piece. The authors discovered significant differences in admissions protocols between the two countries, with the greatest differences revolving around admissions exams, applicant profile (high school students versus college students), degree types, and alternative entrance pathways.
Keywords	Premedical student ; Medical student ; Medical school ; Medical education ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Journal of Medical Students
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: “What IVC?”

Thomas C. Varkey / Cheney E. Merhavy / Jack B. Ding / Kelli Kosako Yost / Charles Hyman / Daphne Hancock / Caitlyn A. Garmer / Raaj Pyada / Anne Nguyen / Arjun Srivastava / Zachary I. Merhavy

Galician Medical Journal, Vol 30, Iss 2, Pp E202328-E

Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Context of IVC Dysgenesis

2023 Volume 202328

Abstract: Among young, otherwise healthy adults with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT), uncommon causes like variation in the normal sequential development of the inferior vena cava (IVC), must be explored. Anomalous IVC conditions are estimated to occur in up ...

Abstract	Among young, otherwise healthy adults with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT), uncommon causes like variation in the normal sequential development of the inferior vena cava (IVC), must be explored. Anomalous IVC conditions are estimated to occur in up to 9% of the general population, with the rarest anomaly being IVC agenesis at 0.0005% - 1% general population prevalence. DVTs are more likely to develop in this population due to venous stasis from decreased venous return, even with the formation of extensive collateral veins. Herein, the authorial team presents a 22-year-old patient with leg pain and swelling who was found to have acute DVT, and, incidentally, the absence of the suprarenal IVC with a robust collateral system on further imaging studies. The morbidity of DVTs in this population is very high, and attention should be given to young patients who present with new-onset DVT in the setting of normal coagulation studies and lack of personal or family history of clotting disorders, as the need for specialized imaging such as venograms is necessary to secure the proper diagnosis.
Keywords	inferior vena cava ; radiological findings ; deep vein thrombosis ; anatomical deviation ; case presentation ; scoliosis ; iliac vein compression ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mettl14-mediated m6A modification ensures the cell-cycle progression of late-born retinal progenitor cells

Liang Li / Yue Sun / Alexander E. Davis / Sahil H. Shah / Lobna K. Hamed / Man-Ru Wu / Cheng-Hui Lin / Jun B. Ding / Sui Wang

Cell Reports, Vol 42, Iss 6, Pp 112596- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Summary: Neural progenitor cells lengthen their cell cycle to prime themselves for differentiation as development proceeds. It is currently not clear how they counter this lengthening and avoid being halted in the cell cycle. We show that N6- ... ...

Abstract	Summary: Neural progenitor cells lengthen their cell cycle to prime themselves for differentiation as development proceeds. It is currently not clear how they counter this lengthening and avoid being halted in the cell cycle. We show that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of cell-cycle-related mRNAs ensures the proper cell-cycle progression of late-born retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), which are born toward the end of retinogenesis and have long cell-cycle length. Conditional deletion of Mettl14, which is required for depositing m6A, led to delayed cell-cycle exit of late-born RPCs but has no effect on retinal development prior to birth. m6A sequencing and single-cell transcriptomics revealed that mRNAs involved in elongating the cell cycle were highly enriched for m6A, which could target them for degradation and guarantee proper cell-cycle progression. In addition, we identified Zfp292 as a target of m6A and potent inhibitor of RPC cell-cycle progression.
Keywords	CP: Developmental biology ; CP: Neuroscience ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya

S. Fugger / C. L. Fyffe / S. Fatichi / E. Miles / M. McCarthy / T. E. Shaw / B. Ding / W. Yang / P. Wagnon / W. Immerzeel / Q. Liu / F. Pellicciotti

The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 1631-

2022 Volume 1652

Abstract: The Indian and East Asian summer monsoons shape the melt and accumulation patterns of glaciers in High Mountain Asia in complex ways due to the interaction of persistent cloud cover, large temperature ranges, high atmospheric water content and high ... ...

Abstract	The Indian and East Asian summer monsoons shape the melt and accumulation patterns of glaciers in High Mountain Asia in complex ways due to the interaction of persistent cloud cover, large temperature ranges, high atmospheric water content and high precipitation rates. Glacier energy- and mass-balance modelling using in situ measurements offers insights into the ways in which surface processes are shaped by climatic regimes. In this study, we use a full energy- and mass-balance model and seven on-glacier automatic weather station datasets from different parts of the Central and Eastern Himalaya to investigate how monsoon conditions influence the glacier surface energy and mass balance. In particular, we look at how debris-covered and debris-free glaciers respond differently to monsoonal conditions. The radiation budget primarily controls the melt of clean-ice glaciers, but turbulent fluxes play an important role in modulating the melt energy on debris-covered glaciers. The sensible heat flux decreases during core monsoon, but the latent heat flux cools the surface due to evaporation of liquid water. This interplay of radiative and turbulent fluxes causes debris-covered glacier melt rates to stay almost constant through the different phases of the monsoon. Ice melt under thin debris, on the other hand, is amplified by both the dark surface and the turbulent fluxes, which intensify melt during monsoon through surface heating and condensation. Pre-monsoon snow cover can considerably delay melt onset and have a strong impact on the seasonal mass balance. Intermittent monsoon snow cover lowers the melt rates at high elevation. This work is fundamental to the understanding of the present and future Himalayan cryosphere and water budget, while informing and motivating further glacier- and catchment-scale research using process-based models.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Effects of Tomato chlorosis virus on the performance of its key vector, Bemisia tabaci, in China

Li, J / D. Chu / H. Chi / T. B. Ding

Journal of applied entomology. 2018 Apr., v. 142, no. 3

2018

Abstract: Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), which is a newly emerged and rapidly spreading plant virus in China, has seriously reduced tomato production and quality over the past several years. In this study, the effect of ToCV on the demography of the whitefly, ... ...

Abstract	Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), which is a newly emerged and rapidly spreading plant virus in China, has seriously reduced tomato production and quality over the past several years. In this study, the effect of ToCV on the demography of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype Q (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), fed on infected and healthy tomato plants was evaluated using the ageâstage, twoâsex life table. When reared on ToCVâinfected tomato plants, the fecundity, length of oviposition period and female adult longevity of B.Â tabaci biotype Q decreased significantly, while the preâadult duration significantly increased compared to controls reared on healthy tomatoes. Consequently, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite of increase (Î») of B.Â tabaci biotype Q on ToCVâinfected tomato plants significantly decreased compared to those on healthy tomatoes. Population projection predicted that a population of B.Â tabaci biotype Q fed on ToCVâinfected tomatoes increases slower than on healthy plants. These findings demonstrated that ToCV infection decreased the performance of B.Â tabaci biotype Q on tomato plants.
Keywords	adults ; Bemisia tabaci ; crop production ; demography ; fecundity ; females ; life tables ; longevity ; oviposition ; plant diseases and disorders ; plant viruses ; rearing ; Tomato chlorosis virus ; tomatoes ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-04
Size	p. 296-304.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	631360-7
ISSN	1439-0418 ; 0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
ISSN (online)	1439-0418
ISSN	0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
DOI	10.1111/jen.12477
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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