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  1. Article ; Online: Comparative cardiac effects of antimalarial drug halofantrine with or without concomitant administration of kolanut or fluconazole in healthy volunteers.

    Adedapo, Aduragbenro DA / Ojji, Dike B / Adedapo, Kayode S / Kolade, Yetunde / Babalola, Chinedum P

    African health sciences

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 262–269

    Abstract: Background: There is rekindled interest in the cardiotoxicity of antimalarial medicines. Halofantrine is associated with QT interval prolongation. Fluconazole and kolanut alter the pharmacokinetics of halofantrine.: Objectives: The study assessed the ...

    Abstract Background: There is rekindled interest in the cardiotoxicity of antimalarial medicines. Halofantrine is associated with QT interval prolongation. Fluconazole and kolanut alter the pharmacokinetics of halofantrine.
    Objectives: The study assessed the electrocardiographic changes of concomitant administration of kolanut or fluconazole with halofantrine and the effects on the QTc interval.
    Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of halofantrine, halofantrine with kolanut or halofantrine with fluconazole in a crossover study. Twelve lead electrocardiography (ECG) was performed to measure the PR and QT interval (QTc). Statistical analysis was with SPSS at 5% level of significance.
    Results: PR intervals were shortened by halofantrine alone and halofantrine with kolanut (169.29 28.67 to 165.29 28.007 and 172.73 29.843 to 163.00 18.336ms) but was prolonged by halofantrine with fluconazole (177.70 27.394 to 186.59 44.434ms). There was prolongation of QTc (384.76 21.727 to 394.12 21.525; 381.36 22.29 to 388.30 17.26 and 382.35 20.08 to 390.84 21.97) in all the three treatment groups at 6 hours, p>0.05. One subject on halofantrine and fluconazole had QTc >440ms. Pre-treatment PR interval (PR
    Conclusion: Concomitant intake of kolanut with halofantrine was significantly decrease cardiac effect of halofantrine.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antimalarials/adverse effects ; Cross-Over Studies ; Electrocardiography ; Fluconazole/adverse effects ; Healthy Volunteers
    Chemical Substances Antimalarials ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY) ; halofantrine (Q2OS4303HZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-28
    Publishing country Uganda
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2240308-5
    ISSN 1729-0503 ; 1680-6905
    ISSN (online) 1729-0503
    ISSN 1680-6905
    DOI 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.28
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    Zs.A 3851: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Non-compartmental and population pharmacokinetic analysis of dapsone in healthy NIGERIANS: A pilot study.

    Kotila, Olayinka A / Ajayi, David T / Masimirembwa, Collen / Thelingwani, Roslyn / Odetunde, Abayomi / Falusi, Adeyinka G / Babalola, Chinedum P

    British journal of clinical pharmacology

    2023  Volume 89, Issue 11, Page(s) 3454–3459

    Abstract: Dapsone is employed for both non-dermatological and dermatological indications but with non-existent population pharmacokinetics (popPK) data in Nigerians. This study was therefore designed to develop a popPK model in Nigerians. Non-compartmental ... ...

    Abstract Dapsone is employed for both non-dermatological and dermatological indications but with non-existent population pharmacokinetics (popPK) data in Nigerians. This study was therefore designed to develop a popPK model in Nigerians. Non-compartmental analysis and nonlinear mixed effects modelling were utilized for data analysis. Eleven participants administered 50 mg dapsone tablet were included in the analysis. Derived pharmacokinetic parameters were: C
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dapsone/pharmacokinetics ; Pilot Projects ; Models, Biological ; Body Weight
    Chemical Substances Dapsone (8W5C518302)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 188974-6
    ISSN 1365-2125 ; 0306-5251 ; 0264-3774
    ISSN (online) 1365-2125
    ISSN 0306-5251 ; 0264-3774
    DOI 10.1111/bcp.15862
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  3. Article ; Online: Antibiofilm agents with therapeutic potential against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli.

    Kwasi, David A / Babalola, Chinedum P / Olubiyi, Olujide O / Hoffmann, Jennifer / Uzochukwu, Ikemefuna C / Okeke, Iruka N

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) e0010809

    Abstract: Background: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a predominant but neglected enteric pathogen implicated in infantile diarrhoea and nutrient malabsorption. There are no non-antibiotic approaches to dealing with persistent infection by these ... ...

    Abstract Background: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a predominant but neglected enteric pathogen implicated in infantile diarrhoea and nutrient malabsorption. There are no non-antibiotic approaches to dealing with persistent infection by these exceptional colonizers, which form copious biofilms. We screened the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box for chemical entities that inhibit EAEC biofilm formation.
    Methodology: We used EAEC strains, 042 and MND005E in a medium-throughput crystal violet-based antibiofilm screen. Hits were confirmed in concentration-dependence, growth kinetic and time course assays and activity spectra were determined against a panel of 25 other EAEC strains. Antibiofilm activity against isogenic EAEC mutants, molecular docking simulations and comparative genomic analysis were used to identify the mechanism of action of one hit.
    Principal findings: In all, five compounds (1.25%) reproducibly inhibited biofilm accumulation by at least one strain by 30-85% while inhibiting growth by under 10%. Hits exhibited potent antibiofilm activity at concentrations at least 10-fold lower than those reported for nitazoxanide, the only known EAEC biofilm inhibitor. Reflective of known EAEC heterogeneity, only one hit was active against both screen isolates, but three hits showed broad antibiofilm activity against a larger panel of strains. Mechanism of action studies point to the EAEC anti-aggregation protein (Aap), dispersin, as the target of compound MMV687800.
    Conclusions: This study identified five compounds, not previously described as anti-adhesins or Gram-negative antibacterials, with significant EAEC antibiofilm activity. Molecule, MMV687800 targets the EAEC Aap. In vitro small-molecule inhibition of EAEC colonization opens a way to new therapeutic approaches against EAEC infection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Gentian Violet ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy ; Biofilms ; Complement Inactivating Agents ; Diarrhea
    Chemical Substances Escherichia coli Proteins ; Gentian Violet (J4Z741D6O5) ; Complement Inactivating Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010809
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  4. Article: Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin.

    Olateju, Olajumoke A / Babalola, Chinedum P / Olubiyi, Olujide O / Kotila, Olayinka A / Kwasi, David A / Oaikhena, Anderson O / Okeke, Iruka N

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 556550

    Abstract: Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial ... ...

    Abstract Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these interactions remain to be investigated. In this study, we employed antimicrobial interaction testing methods to study the effect of two antimalarials on the antibacterial activity of ampicillin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550
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  5. Article ; Online: Willingness to Donate Hair Samples for Research Among People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending a Tertiary Health Facility in Ibadan, Nigeria.

    Nwogu, Jacinta N / Babalola, Chinedum P / Ngene, Samuel O / Taiwo, Babafemi O / Berzins, Baiba / Gandhi, Monica

    AIDS research and human retroviruses

    2019  Volume 35, Issue 7, Page(s) 642–648

    Abstract: The use of hair samples in biomedical research is a rapidly growing field. High acceptability rates for hair collection have been demonstrated in multiple settings. Each setting may have unique issues and, to our knowledge, no previous study has assessed ...

    Abstract The use of hair samples in biomedical research is a rapidly growing field. High acceptability rates for hair collection have been demonstrated in multiple settings. Each setting may have unique issues and, to our knowledge, no previous study has assessed the acceptability of hair sampling for HIV-related research in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the willingness to donate hair for research among people living with HIV (PLWH). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 PLWH in a tertiary institution in Southwest Nigeria, using convenience sampling. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from consenting participants, including a question on willingness to donate hair for research. The mean age of respondents was 42.1 ± 10.5 years and more than three-quarters of the respondents were females. Two hundred and eighty-eight (75.8%) respondents had at least a tertiary education. Only 51.4% of the respondents were willing to donate their hair for research. Possible sample diversion for rituals was the major (60.5%) reason cited for unwillingness to donate hair. In multivariate analysis, respondents with primary education or less exhibited a trend toward being more willing to donate hair than those with secondary education or more (
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biomedical Research ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Hair ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nigeria/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Tissue and Organ Procurement/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639130-8
    ISSN 1931-8405 ; 0889-2229
    ISSN (online) 1931-8405
    ISSN 0889-2229
    DOI 10.1089/AID.2018.0242
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    Zs.A 1928: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Comparison of efavirenz levels in blood and hair with pharmacy refills as measures of adherence and predictors of viral suppression among people living with HIV in Nigeria.

    Nwogu, Jacinta N / Ngene, Samuel O / Babalola, Chinedum P / Olagunju, Adeniyi / Owen, Andrew / Khoo, Saye H / Kotila, Olayinka A / Berzins, Baiba / Okochi, Hideaki / Tallerico, Regina / Gandhi, Monica / Taiwo, Babafemi

    AIDS research and therapy

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 35

    Abstract: Background: Strategies to support adherence are constrained by the lack of tools to objectively monitor medication intake in low-resource settings. Pharmacologic measures are objective, but pharmacy refill data is more accessible and cost-efficient. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Strategies to support adherence are constrained by the lack of tools to objectively monitor medication intake in low-resource settings. Pharmacologic measures are objective, but pharmacy refill data is more accessible and cost-efficient. This study compared short-term and long-term efavirenz (EFV) drug levels with pharmacy refill adherence data (PRA) and evaluated their ability to predict viral suppression among people living with HIV in Nigeria.
    Methods: Paired hair and dried blood spot (DBS) samples were obtained from 91 adults living with HIV receiving 600 mg EFV-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) and EFV concentrations were measured via validated methods using liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. PRA was estimated from pharmacy records, based on the number of days a patient collected medication before or after the scheduled pick-up date. PRA was categorized into ≤ 74%, 75-94% and ≥ 95%, defined as poor, medium and high adherence, respectively. HIV viral loads closest to the hair sampling time (within 6 months) were also abstracted. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analyses compared the ability of adherence metrics to predict viral suppression.
    Results: Based on PRA, 81% of participants had high adherence while 11% and 8% had medium and poor adherence, respectively. The median (IQR) EFV concentrations were 6.85 ng/mg (4.56-10.93) for hair and 1495.6 ng/ml (1050.7-2365.8) for DBS. Of the three measures of adherence, hair EFV concentration had the highest Area Under Curve (AUC) to predict viral suppression. Correlations between EFV concentrations in DBS and hair with PRA were positive (r = 0.12, P = 0.27 and r = 0.21, P = 0.05, respectively) but not strong.
    Conclusions: EFV concentrations in hair were the strongest predictor of viral suppression and only weakly correlated with pharmacy refill adherence data in Nigeria. This study suggests that resource-limited settings may benefit from objective adherence metrics to monitor and support adherence.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alkynes ; Anti-HIV Agents/analysis ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Benzoxazines ; Cyclopropanes ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Hair/chemistry ; Humans ; Nigeria ; Pharmacy
    Chemical Substances Alkynes ; Anti-HIV Agents ; Benzoxazines ; Cyclopropanes ; efavirenz (JE6H2O27P8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2173450-1
    ISSN 1742-6405 ; 1742-6405
    ISSN (online) 1742-6405
    ISSN 1742-6405
    DOI 10.1186/s12981-022-00462-3
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  7. Article: Haematological indices of sickle cell patients with chronic leg ulcers on compression therapy.

    Babalola, Oluwatoyin A / Ogunkeyede, Ayodele / Odetunde, Abayomi B / Fasola, Foluke / Oni, Anthony A / Babalola, Chinedum P / Falusi, Adeyinka G

    African journal of laboratory medicine

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 1037

    Abstract: Background: Recurrent chronic leg ulcers and its are morbidities associated with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Compression therapy increases the rate of healing of these ulcers and also decreases the rate of recurrence.: Objective: This study evaluated ... ...

    Abstract Background: Recurrent chronic leg ulcers and its are morbidities associated with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Compression therapy increases the rate of healing of these ulcers and also decreases the rate of recurrence.
    Objective: This study evaluated the haematological parameters of patients with SCA and chronic leg ulcers placed on high compression bandaging to provide data for improved ulcer management and prevention.
    Methods: Eighteen patients with SCA and chronic leg ulcers were recruited for treatment by compression therapy in Ibadan, Nigeria, from March to June 2015. Eighteen SCA patients with no history of chronic leg ulcers were age and sex matched and recruited as controls. Blood samples, wound biopsies and swabs were collected at different time points for full blood count, microbiology, culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Haemoglobin variants were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. Fasting blood sugar was tested for leg ulcer patients to determine diabetic status.
    Results: Ulcers ranged from 0.5 cm
    Conclusion: Measures to improve haematological parameters during leg ulcer treatment in SCA patients should be taken to aid wound healing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-21
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2708535-1
    ISSN 2225-2010 ; 2225-2002
    ISSN (online) 2225-2010
    ISSN 2225-2002
    DOI 10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1037
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  8. Article ; Online: Broadening Participation in the Sciences within and from Africa: Purpose, Challenges, and Prospects.

    Okeke, Iruka N / Babalola, Chinedum P / Byarugaba, Denis K / Djimde, Abdoulaye / Osoniyi, Omolaja R

    CBE life sciences education

    2017  Volume 16, Issue 2

    Abstract: Many of Africa's challenges have scientific solutions, but there are fewer individuals engaged in scientific activity per capita on this continent than on any other. Only a handful of African scientists use their skills to capacity or are leaders in ... ...

    Abstract Many of Africa's challenges have scientific solutions, but there are fewer individuals engaged in scientific activity per capita on this continent than on any other. Only a handful of African scientists use their skills to capacity or are leaders in their disciplines. Underrepresentation of Africans in scientific practice, discourse, and decision making reduces the richness of intellectual contributions toward hard problems worldwide. This essay outlines challenges faced by teacher-scholars from sub-Saharan Africa as we build scientific expertise. Access to tertiary-level science is difficult and uneven across Africa, and the quality of training available varies from top-range to inadequate. Access to science higher education needs to increase, particularly for female students, first-generation literates, and rural populations. We make suggestions for collaborative initiatives involving stakeholders outside Africa and/or outside academia that could extend educational opportunities available to African students and increase the chance that Africa-based expertise is globally available.
    MeSH term(s) Africa ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Science ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2465176-X
    ISSN 1931-7913 ; 1931-7913
    ISSN (online) 1931-7913
    ISSN 1931-7913
    DOI 10.1187/cbe.15-12-0265
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  9. Article: Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Quinine in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Uncomplicated Malaria in Nigeria: Analysis of Data using a Population Approach.

    Adehin, Ayorinde / Igbinoba, Sharon I / Soyinka, Julius O / Onyeji, Cyprian O / Babalola, Chinedum P / Bolaji, Oluseye O

    Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental

    2019  Volume 91, Page(s) 33–38

    Abstract: Background: The varied disposition of the antimalarial quinine partly explains its poor tolerance and toxicity in humans.: Objective: Using a population approach, the disposition of quinine in healthy subjects and patients with acute uncomplicated ... ...

    Abstract Background: The varied disposition of the antimalarial quinine partly explains its poor tolerance and toxicity in humans.
    Objective: Using a population approach, the disposition of quinine in healthy subjects and patients with acute uncomplicated symptomatic malaria from Nigeria was re-examined with a view to providing population-specific attributes.
    Methods: Concentration versus time profiles of quinine over 48 hours in healthy individuals, and over 7 days in malaria-infected patients, were stratified to reflect: concentration versus time data during the first 48 hours of quinine administration for healthy subjects and infected patients, concentration versus time data after 48 hours in infected patients, and all concentration versus time data available for healthy subjects and infected patients. Pharmacokinetic parameters were then estimated with a stochastic approximation expectation maximization algorithm.
    Results: All datasets were fitted by a 1-compartment model with covariate contributions from body weight and infection status. The absorption rate constant, and volume of distribution and clearance were 1.72 h
    Conclusions: The study findings suggest that clinical interventions aimed at enhancing the safety and tolerance of quinine might be achieved by a rational decrease in dose size and/or dosing interval, post-48 hours of chronic quinine administration, in malaria-infected patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205697-5
    ISSN 1879-0313 ; 0011-393X
    ISSN (online) 1879-0313
    ISSN 0011-393X
    DOI 10.1016/j.curtheres.2019.100567
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  10. Article ; Online: Associations between efavirenz concentrations, pharmacogenetics and neurocognitive performance in people living with HIV in Nigeria.

    Nwogu, Jacinta N / Gandhi, Monica / Owen, Andrew / Khoo, Saye H / Taiwo, Babafemi / Olagunju, Adeniyi / Berzins, Baiba / Okochi, Hideaki / Tallerico, Regina / Robertson, Kevin / Babalola, Chinedum P

    AIDS (London, England)

    2021  Volume 35, Issue 12, Page(s) 1919–1927

    Abstract: Objective: Efavirenz (EFV) use is associated with neuropsychiatric side effects, which may include poor neurocognitive performance. We evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes that contribute to EFV pharmacokinetics and examined them in ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Efavirenz (EFV) use is associated with neuropsychiatric side effects, which may include poor neurocognitive performance. We evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes that contribute to EFV pharmacokinetics and examined them in association with EFV concentrations in plasma and hair, as well as neurocognitive performance.
    Design: Cross-sectional study in which adults with HIV receiving 600-mg EFV for at least 2 months were recruited and paired hair and dried blood spots (DBS) samples collected.
    Methods: Participants (N = 93, 70.3% female) were genotyped for seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP2B6, NRII3 and ABCB1 using DBS. EFV was quantified in DBS and hair using validated liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry methods, with plasma EFV concentrations derived from DBS levels. Participants were also administered a neurocognitive battery of 10 tests (seven domains) that assessed total neurocognitive functioning.
    Results: Strong correlation (r = 0.66, P < 0.001) was observed between plasma and hair EFV concentrations. The median (interquartile range) hair EFV concentration was 6.85 ng/mg (4.56-10.93). CYP2B6 516G>T, (P < 0.001) and CYP2B6 983T>C (P = 0.001) were each associated with hair EFV concentrations. Similarly, 516G>T (P < 0.001) and 983T>C (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with plasma EFV concentration. No other genetic associations were observed. Contrary to other studies, total neurocognitive performance was significantly associated with plasma EFV concentrations (r = 0.23, P = 0.043) and 983T>C genotype (r = 0.38, P < 0.0005).
    Conclusion: This study demonstrated approximately three-fold and two-fold higher EFV plasma and hair concentrations, respectively, among CYP2B6 516TT compared with 516GG. Higher EFV concentrations were associated with better neurocognitive performance, requiring further study to elucidate the relationships between adherence, adverse effects and outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alkynes ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Benzoxazines/adverse effects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cyclopropanes/therapeutic use ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Nigeria ; Pharmacogenetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Chemical Substances Alkynes ; Anti-HIV Agents ; Benzoxazines ; Cyclopropanes ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 (EC 1.14.14.1) ; efavirenz (JE6H2O27P8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639076-6
    ISSN 1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
    ISSN (online) 1473-5571
    ISSN 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
    DOI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002984
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