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  1. Article ; Online: The incredible ULK improves β-thalassemia.

    Babbs, Christian

    Blood

    2023  Volume 142, Issue 10, Page(s) 862–863

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics ; beta-Thalassemia/therapy ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; MicroRNAs ; Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; ULK1 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; MIRN144 microRNA, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood.2023021369
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Haemoglobin Bart's Hydrops Fetalis: Charting the Past and Envisioning the Future.

    Amid, Ali / Liu, Siyu / Babbs, Christian / Higgs, Douglas R

    Blood

    2024  

    Abstract: Haemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) represents the most severe form of α-thalassaemia, arising from deletion of the duplicated α-globin genes from both alleles. The absence of α-globin leads to the formation of non-functional haemoglobin ... ...

    Abstract Haemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) represents the most severe form of α-thalassaemia, arising from deletion of the duplicated α-globin genes from both alleles. The absence of α-globin leads to the formation of non-functional haemoglobin Bart's (γ4) or haemoglobin H (HbH: β4) resulting in severe anaemia, tissue hypoxia, and, in some cases, variable congenital or neurocognitive abnormalities. BHFS is the most common cause of hydrops fetalis in Southeast Asia; however, owing to global migration, the burden of this condition is increasing worldwide. With the availability of intensive perinatal care and intrauterine transfusions, an increasing number of patients survive with this condition. The current approach to long-term management of survivors involves regular blood transfusions and iron chelation, a task made challenging by the need for intensified transfusions to suppress the production of non-functional HbH-containing erythrocytes. While our knowledge of outcomes of this condition is evolving, it seems, in comparison to individuals with transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia, those with BHFS may face an elevated risk of complications arising from chronic anaemia and hypoxia, ongoing haemolysis, iron overload, and from their respective treatments. Although stem cell transplantation remains a viable option for a select few, it is not without potential side effects. Looking ahead, potential advancements in the form of genetic engineering and innovative therapeutic approaches, such as the reactivation of embryonic α-like globin gene expression, hold promise for furthering the treatment of this condition. Prevention remains a crucial aspect of care, particularly in areas with high prevalence or limited resources.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood.2023023692
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I.

    Roy, Noémi B A / Babbs, Christian

    British journal of haematology

    2019  Volume 185, Issue 3, Page(s) 436–449

    Abstract: Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I (CDA-I) is one of a heterogeneous group of inherited anaemias characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis. CDA-I is caused by bi-allelic mutations in either CDAN1 or C15orf41 and, to date, 56 causative ... ...

    Abstract Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I (CDA-I) is one of a heterogeneous group of inherited anaemias characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis. CDA-I is caused by bi-allelic mutations in either CDAN1 or C15orf41 and, to date, 56 causative mutations have been documented. The diagnostic pathway is reviewed and the utility of genetic testing in reducing the time taken to reach an accurate molecular diagnosis and avoiding bone marrow aspiration, where possible, is described. The management of CDA-I patients is discussed, highlighting both general and specific measures which impact on disease progression. The use of interferon alpha and careful management of iron overload are reviewed and suggest the most favourable outcomes are achieved when CDA-I patients are managed with a holistic and multidisciplinary approach. Finally, the current understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of CDA-I is presented, highlighting critical questions likely to lead to improved therapy for this disease.
    MeSH term(s) Alleles ; Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital/diagnosis ; Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital/genetics ; Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital/metabolism ; Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital/therapy ; Genetic Testing ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use ; Iron Overload/diagnosis ; Iron Overload/genetics ; Iron Overload/metabolism ; Iron Overload/prevention & control ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances CDAN1 protein, human ; Glycoproteins ; Interferon-alpha ; Nuclear Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80077-6
    ISSN 1365-2141 ; 0007-1048
    ISSN (online) 1365-2141
    ISSN 0007-1048
    DOI 10.1111/bjh.15817
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: An international registry of survivors with Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome.

    Songdej, Duantida / Babbs, Christian / Higgs, Douglas R

    Blood

    2017  Volume 129, Issue 10, Page(s) 1251–1259

    Abstract: Hemoglobin (Hb) Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) resulting from ... ...

    Abstract Hemoglobin (Hb) Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) resulting from α
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/genetics ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis/etiology ; Hydrops Fetalis/genetics ; Hydrops Fetalis/mortality ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Registries ; Survivors ; Young Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia/complications ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics ; alpha-Thalassemia/mortality
    Chemical Substances Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; hemoglobin Bart's (9056-09-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood-2016-08-697110
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Super-enhancers include classical enhancers and facilitators to fully activate gene expression.

    Blayney, Joseph W / Francis, Helena / Rampasekova, Alexandra / Camellato, Brendan / Mitchell, Leslie / Stolper, Rosa / Cornell, Lucy / Babbs, Christian / Boeke, Jef D / Higgs, Douglas R / Kassouf, Mira

    Cell

    2023  Volume 186, Issue 26, Page(s) 5826–5839.e18

    Abstract: Super-enhancers are compound regulatory elements that control expression of key cell identity genes. They recruit high levels of tissue-specific transcription factors and co-activators such as the Mediator complex and contact target gene promoters with ... ...

    Abstract Super-enhancers are compound regulatory elements that control expression of key cell identity genes. They recruit high levels of tissue-specific transcription factors and co-activators such as the Mediator complex and contact target gene promoters with high frequency. Most super-enhancers contain multiple constituent regulatory elements, but it is unclear whether these elements have distinct roles in activating target gene expression. Here, by rebuilding the endogenous multipartite α-globin super-enhancer, we show that it contains bioinformatically equivalent but functionally distinct element types: classical enhancers and facilitator elements. Facilitators have no intrinsic enhancer activity, yet in their absence, classical enhancers are unable to fully upregulate their target genes. Without facilitators, classical enhancers exhibit reduced Mediator recruitment, enhancer RNA transcription, and enhancer-promoter interactions. Facilitators are interchangeable but display functional hierarchy based on their position within a multipartite enhancer. Facilitators thus play an important role in potentiating the activity of classical enhancers and ensuring robust activation of target genes.
    MeSH term(s) Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Super Enhancers ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; alpha-Globins/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors ; alpha-Globins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Characterizing and Modeling Bone Formation during Mouse Calvarial Development.

    Marghoub, Arsalan / Libby, Joseph / Babbs, Christian / Ventikos, Yiannis / Fagan, Michael J / Moazen, Mehran

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 122, Issue 4, Page(s) 48103

    Abstract: The newborn mammalian cranial vault consists of five flat bones that are joined together along their edges by soft fibrous tissues called sutures. Early fusion of these sutures leads to a medical condition known as craniosynostosis. The mechanobiology of ...

    Abstract The newborn mammalian cranial vault consists of five flat bones that are joined together along their edges by soft fibrous tissues called sutures. Early fusion of these sutures leads to a medical condition known as craniosynostosis. The mechanobiology of normal and craniosynostotic skull growth is not well understood. In a series of previous studies, we characterized and modeled radial expansion of normal and craniosynostotic (Crouzon) mice. Here, we describe a new modeling algorithm to simulate bone formation at the sutures in normal and craniosynostotic mice. Our results demonstrate that our modeling approach is capable of predicting the observed ex vivo pattern of bone formation at the sutures in the aforementioned mice. The same approach can be used to model different calvarial reconstruction in children with craniosynostosis to assist in the management of this complex condition.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Osteogenesis ; Skull/diagnostic imaging ; Skull/growth & development ; Skull/physiology ; X-Ray Microtomography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.048103
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: RNA Polymerase II pausing temporally coordinates cell cycle progression and erythroid differentiation.

    Martell, Danya J / Merens, Hope E / Fiorini, Claudia / Caulier, Alexis / Ulirsch, Jacob C / Ietswaart, Robert / Choquet, Karine / Graziadei, Giovanna / Brancaleoni, Valentina / Cappellini, Maria Domenica / Scott, Caroline / Roberts, Nigel / Proven, Melanie / Roy, Noémi Ba / Babbs, Christian / Higgs, Douglas R / Sankaran, Vijay G / Churchman, L Stirling

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2023  

    Abstract: The controlled release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into productive elongation is a major step in gene regulation. However, functional analysis of Pol II pausing is difficult because factors that regulate pause release are ... ...

    Abstract The controlled release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into productive elongation is a major step in gene regulation. However, functional analysis of Pol II pausing is difficult because factors that regulate pause release are almost all essential. In this study, we identified heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.03.03.23286760
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A new mouse model of ATR-X syndrome carrying a common patient mutation exhibits neurological and morphological defects.

    Tillotson, Rebekah / Yan, Keqin / Ruston, Julie / DeYoung, Taylor / Córdova, Alex / Turcotte-Cardin, Valérie / Yee, Yohan / Taylor, Christine / Visuvanathan, Shagana / Babbs, Christian / Ivakine, Evgueni A / Sled, John G / Nieman, Brian J / Picketts, David J / Justice, Monica J

    Human molecular genetics

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 15, Page(s) 2485–2501

    Abstract: ATRX is a chromatin remodelling ATPase that is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair and heterochromatin maintenance. It has been widely studied for its role in ALT-positive cancers, but its role in neurological function remains ... ...

    Abstract ATRX is a chromatin remodelling ATPase that is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair and heterochromatin maintenance. It has been widely studied for its role in ALT-positive cancers, but its role in neurological function remains elusive. Hypomorphic mutations in the X-linked ATRX gene cause a rare form of intellectual disability combined with alpha-thalassemia called ATR-X syndrome in hemizygous males. Clinical features also include facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, short stature, musculoskeletal defects and genital abnormalities. As complete deletion of ATRX in mice results in early embryonic lethality, the field has largely relied on conditional knockout models to assess the role of ATRX in multiple tissues. Given that null alleles are not found in patients, a more patient-relevant model was needed. Here, we have produced and characterized the first patient mutation knock-in model of ATR-X syndrome, carrying the most common causative mutation, R246C. This is one of a cluster of missense mutations located in the chromatin-binding domain and disrupts its function. The knock-in mice recapitulate several aspects of the patient disorder, including craniofacial defects, microcephaly, reduced body size and impaired neurological function. They provide a powerful model for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ATR-X syndrome and testing potential therapeutic strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Male ; Mice ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics ; Mental Retardation, X-Linked/genetics ; Microcephaly/genetics ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; X-linked Nuclear Protein/genetics ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Nuclear Proteins ; X-linked Nuclear Protein (EC 3.6.4.12)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1108742-0
    ISSN 1460-2083 ; 0964-6906
    ISSN (online) 1460-2083
    ISSN 0964-6906
    DOI 10.1093/hmg/ddad075
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Ancient genomic linkage couples metabolism with erythroid development.

    Preston, Alexandra E / Frost, Joe N / Badat, Mohsin / Teh, Megan / Armitage, Andrew E / Norfo, Ruggiero / Wideman, Sarah K / Hanifi, Muhammad / White, Natasha / Roy, Noémi / Ghesquiere, Bart / Babbs, Christian / Kassouf, Mira / Davies, James / Hughes, Jim R / Beagrie, Rob / Higgs, Douglas R / Drakesmith, Hal

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Generation of mature cells from progenitors requires tight coupling of differentiation and metabolism. During erythropoiesis, erythroblasts are required to massively upregulate globin synthesis then clear extraneous material and enucleate to produce ... ...

    Abstract Generation of mature cells from progenitors requires tight coupling of differentiation and metabolism. During erythropoiesis, erythroblasts are required to massively upregulate globin synthesis then clear extraneous material and enucleate to produce erythrocytes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.09.25.558944
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: RNA polymerase II pausing temporally coordinates cell cycle progression and erythroid differentiation.

    Martell, Danya J / Merens, Hope E / Caulier, Alexis / Fiorini, Claudia / Ulirsch, Jacob C / Ietswaart, Robert / Choquet, Karine / Graziadei, Giovanna / Brancaleoni, Valentina / Cappellini, Maria Domenica / Scott, Caroline / Roberts, Nigel / Proven, Melanie / Roy, Noémi B A / Babbs, Christian / Higgs, Douglas R / Sankaran, Vijay G / Churchman, L Stirling

    Developmental cell

    2023  Volume 58, Issue 20, Page(s) 2112–2127.e4

    Abstract: Controlled release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) is crucial for gene regulation. However, studying RNA Pol II pausing is challenging, as pause-release factors are almost all essential. In this study, we identified ... ...

    Abstract Controlled release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) is crucial for gene regulation. However, studying RNA Pol II pausing is challenging, as pause-release factors are almost all essential. In this study, we identified heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in SUPT5H, which encodes SPT5, in individuals with β-thalassemia. During erythropoiesis in healthy human cells, cell cycle genes were highly paused as cells transition from progenitors to precursors. When the pathogenic mutations were recapitulated by SUPT5H editing, RNA Pol II pause release was globally disrupted, and as cells began transitioning from progenitors to precursors, differentiation was delayed, accompanied by a transient lag in erythroid-specific gene expression and cell cycle kinetics. Despite this delay, cells terminally differentiate, and cell cycle phase distributions normalize. Therefore, hindering pause release perturbs proliferation and differentiation dynamics at a key transition during erythropoiesis, identifying a role for RNA Pol II pausing in temporally coordinating the cell cycle and erythroid differentiation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; RNA Polymerase II/genetics ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Cycle ; Transcription, Genetic ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-) ; SUPT5H protein, human ; Nuclear Proteins ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2054967-2
    ISSN 1878-1551 ; 1534-5807
    ISSN (online) 1878-1551
    ISSN 1534-5807
    DOI 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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