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Article: Comparison of the anti-diabetic effects of various grain and legume extracts in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.

Jeong, Eunwoo / Baek, Youjin / Kim, Hyun-Joo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

2024 Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e25279

Abstract: The anti-diabetic properties of whole groats and dietary fibers from various grains and legumes are well known. Nevertheless, studies on the anti-diabetic effects of their extracts are limited, and it is difficult to compare their efficacy. This study ... ...

Abstract	The anti-diabetic properties of whole groats and dietary fibers from various grains and legumes are well known. Nevertheless, studies on the anti-diabetic effects of their extracts are limited, and it is difficult to compare their efficacy. This study investigated the anti-diabetic potential of ethanol extracts from oats (OE), sorghum (SE), foxtail millet (FE), proso millet (PE), adzuki bean (AE), and black soybean (BE) in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rat models. The extracts, obtained using 99.9 % ethanol, were orally administered to diabetic rats for four weeks. Various parameters were evaluated, including fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, serum insulin levels, and pancreas histological analysis. OE and SE effectively reduced fasting blood glucose levels and the area under the curve (AUC) in the oral glucose tolerance test. Only OE significantly decreased the AUC in the insulin tolerance test and increased insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of the β-cell function index, indicating improved insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the pancreas supported these findings, demonstrating that OE protected against pancreatic cell damage. In contrast, FE, PE, AE, and BE did not have a significant effect on diabetes-related parameters. These findings identify OE as the most promising natural intervention for diabetes management.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25279
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Encapsulation of resveratrol within size-controlled nanoliposomes: Impact on solubility, stability, cellular permeability, and oral bioavailability.

Baek, Youjin / Jeong, Eun Woo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

2023 Volume 224, Page(s) 113205

Abstract: This study examined the influence of the nanoliposomes (LPs) particle size on the solubility, antioxidant stability, in vitro release profile, Caco-2 cellular transport activity, cellular antioxidant activity, and in vivo oral bioavailability of ... ...

Abstract	This study examined the influence of the nanoliposomes (LPs) particle size on the solubility, antioxidant stability, in vitro release profile, Caco-2 cellular transport activity, cellular antioxidant activity, and in vivo oral bioavailability of resveratrol (RSV). LPs with sizes of 300, 150, and 75 nm were prepared using the thin-lipid film hydration method, followed by ultrasonication for 0, 2, and 10 min, respectively. Formulating small LPs (< 100 nm) was effective to enhance the solubility, in vitro release profile, cellular permeability, and cellular antioxidant activity of RSV. A similar pattern was observed for in vivo oral bioavailability. However, the size reduction of RSV-loaded LPs did not promote the antioxidant stability of RSV, owing to their large surface area used to interact with harsh environments. This study provides the better understanding of the appropriate particle size range of LPs to improve their in vitro and in vivo performances of RSV as an effective carrier for oral administration.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Resveratrol ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Solubility ; Caco-2 Cells ; Biological Availability ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Permeability ; Particle Size ; Administration, Oral
Chemical Substances	Resveratrol (Q369O8926L) ; Antioxidants ; Lipopolysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500523-9
ISSN	1873-4367 ; 0927-7765
ISSN (online)	1873-4367
ISSN	0927-7765
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113205
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Article ; Online: Antihypertensive effects of the combined extract of Sorghum bicolor, Vigna angularis, and Eleusine coracana in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Jeong, Eunwoo / Yun, Damin / Baek, Youjin / Kim, Hyun-Joo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 803

Abstract: This study investigated the antihypertensive effects of the combined extract of sorghum, adzuki bean, and finger millet (SAFE) on spontaneously hypertensive rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): WKY, SHR, SAFE (500 mg/kg SAFE), and CAP ( ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated the antihypertensive effects of the combined extract of sorghum, adzuki bean, and finger millet (SAFE) on spontaneously hypertensive rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): WKY, SHR, SAFE (500 mg/kg SAFE), and CAP (50 mg/kg captopril). SAFE significantly decreased the lean-to-fat mass ratio with no notable changes in body weight, food intake, or food efficiency ratio, and it effectively lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressures, comparable to CAP. Moreover, it significantly reduced the cardiac mass index and alleviated cardiac fibrosis. SAFE did not induce hepatotoxicity, as indicated by the maintenance of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels in the normal range, confirming its safety. Taken together, these findings suggested that SAFE can be used as a dietary supplement for blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular disease prevention.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology ; Eleusine ; Sorghum ; Vigna ; Dietary Supplements ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Antihypertensive Agents ; Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-51364-5
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Article ; Online: Development of gelatinized-core liposomes for the oral delivery of EGCG with improved stability, release property, and cellular antioxidant activity.

Kim, Yujung / Baek, Youjin / Jeong, Eunwoo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

2023 Volume 234, Page(s) 113723

Abstract: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exhibits antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties; however, low cellular permeability and stability limit its bioavailability. Liposomes have the potential for enhancing bioactive compounds' ... ...

Abstract	Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exhibits antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties; however, low cellular permeability and stability limit its bioavailability. Liposomes have the potential for enhancing bioactive compounds' bioavailability. Yet, low entrapment efficiency (EE) and burst release of hydrophilic substances make them impractical for food industry use. Here, we incorporated gelatin into liposomes to overcome these limitations. EGCG-loaded conventional liposomes (EGCG/CLs) and gelatinized-core liposomes (EGCG/GLs) had small particle sizes and high absolute zeta potentials. Encapsulation in EGCG/GLs significantly improved the EE of EGCG compared to that in EGCG/CLs (p < 0.05). EGCG/GLs retained EGCG in the hydrophilic region, whereas EGCG/CLs exhibited significantly higher release of EGCG during storage (p < 0.05). Additionally, in comparison to EGCG/CLs, gelatin incorporation significantly enhanced the sustained release, cellular permeability, and cellular antioxidant activity of EGCG (p < 0.05). This study emphasizes the capability of gelatinized-core liposomes as a potent delivery system for enhancing the stability and bioavailability of EGCG/CLs, broadening the prospects for utilizing them in the food industry.
MeSH term(s)	Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Gelatin ; Catechin/pharmacology ; Catechin/analogs & derivatives
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Liposomes ; Gelatin (9000-70-8) ; epigallocatechin gallate (BQM438CTEL) ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500523-9
ISSN	1873-4367 ; 0927-7765
ISSN (online)	1873-4367
ISSN	0927-7765
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113723
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Article ; Online: Comparison of physicochemical properties of sorghum extract by ethanol concentration and its anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 cells.

Jung, Seyoung / Jeong, Eun Woo / Baek, Youjin / Han, Sang-Ik / Go, Gwang-Woong / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Food science and biotechnology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 705–712

Abstract: Sorghum is a vital cereal source that has various phenolic compounds and potential health-promoting benefits. This study evaluated the phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-obesity effects of sorghum extract (SE) prepared using three solvent systems: 50% ...

Abstract	Sorghum is a vital cereal source that has various phenolic compounds and potential health-promoting benefits. This study evaluated the phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-obesity effects of sorghum extract (SE) prepared using three solvent systems: 50% (SE50), 80% (SE80), and 100% (SE100) ethanol. The results showed that SE50 exhibited the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content among the sorghum extracts using different ethanol concentrations as extraction solvents. In addition, SE50 showed significantly higher antioxidant capacity than the other extracts. Interestingly, SE50 significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes; however, SE80 and SE100 had no beneficial effects. Moreover, SE50 significantly downregulated the mRNA expression levels of adipogenic genes (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-13
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2000008-X
ISSN	2092-6456 ; 1226-7708
ISSN (online)	2092-6456
ISSN	1226-7708
DOI	10.1007/s10068-023-01272-7
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Article ; Online: Blended extract of oat, sorghum, adzuki bean, finger millet, and proso millet improved hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.

Yang, Yun Sun / Jeong, Eun Woo / Baek, Youjin / Go, Gwang-Woong / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Food science and biotechnology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 10, Page(s) 1415–1421

Abstract: Grains contain bioactive components that potentially have protective effects on chronic diseases such as diabetes. The anti-diabetic effects of blended grain ethanol extract (BGE) were evaluated in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic ... ...

Abstract	Grains contain bioactive components that potentially have protective effects on chronic diseases such as diabetes. The anti-diabetic effects of blended grain ethanol extract (BGE) were evaluated in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic rats. BGE was prepared by mixing oat, sorghum, adzuki bean, finger millet, and proso millet (30:30:15:15:10). The rats were assigned into four groups, normal control, diabetic model control (DM), STZ-NA rats administered 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of metformin, and STZ-NA rats administered 500 mg/kg bw of BGE (BGE). After 6 weeks of administration, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (12%) in BGE decreased compared to DM. Strikingly, the fasting blood glucose (23%) and oral glucose tolerance test (15%) were improved in BGE compared to DM. BGE also increased insulin immunoreactivities in pancreatic β-cells. In sum, BGE exhibits anti-hyperglycemic effects by improving fasting glucose levels and insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells in the STZ-NA-induced diabetic rats.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2000008-X
ISSN	2092-6456 ; 1226-7708
ISSN (online)	2092-6456
ISSN	1226-7708
DOI	10.1007/s10068-023-01340-y
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Article ; Online: Comparison of the effects of commercial whey protein and native whey protein on muscle strength and muscle protein synthesis in rats.

Kim, Jiyun / Jeong, Eun Woo / Baek, Youjin / Go, Gwang-Woong / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Food science and biotechnology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 381–388

Abstract: Commercial whey protein (CWP) is generally produced in the cheese making process with heat treatment. Recently, native whey protein (NWP) can be obtained through microfiltration without heat treatment. The difference in physicochemical properties of CWP ... ...

Abstract	Commercial whey protein (CWP) is generally produced in the cheese making process with heat treatment. Recently, native whey protein (NWP) can be obtained through microfiltration without heat treatment. The difference in physicochemical properties of CWP and NWP was confirmed in previous studies; however, in vivo research on the effect on muscle strength and protein synthesis is still lacking. In this study, rats were orally administered 1.56 g protein/kg body weight of lyophilized beverages containing CWP and NWP for 8 weeks. The biological value and net protein utilization in the NWP were significantly higher than in the CWP. Moreover, NWP increased muscle mass and grip strength compared to CWP. NWP also increased the phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, pivotal proteins for muscle protein synthesis. These results suggest that NWP enhance muscle strength and protein synthesis more effectively than CWP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-30
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2000008-X
ISSN	2092-6456 ; 1226-7708
ISSN (online)	2092-6456
ISSN	1226-7708
DOI	10.1007/s10068-023-01248-7
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Article ; Online: Taste masking and stability improvement of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) by nanoencapsulation using chitosan and gelatin.

Han, Eun Ji / Elbegbayar, Enkhtsatsral / Baek, Youjin / Lee, Ji-Soo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

International journal of biological macromolecules

2023 Volume 250, Page(s) 126259

Abstract: In this study, red ginseng extract (RGE)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by ionic gelation between chitosan (CS) and gelatin (Gel), and the physical characteristics of the RGE-loaded CS-Gel NPs (RGE-CS/Gel NPs), including particle size and ... ...

Abstract	In this study, red ginseng extract (RGE)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by ionic gelation between chitosan (CS) and gelatin (Gel), and the physical characteristics of the RGE-loaded CS-Gel NPs (RGE-CS/Gel NPs), including particle size and polydispersity index (PDI), using different ratios of CS and Gel were examined. The particle size and PDI were 398.1 ± 41.3 nm and 0.433 ± 0.033, respectively for the optimal ratio of CS (0.075 mg/mL) and Gel (0.05 mg/mL). In vitro taste masking test and in vivo sensory evaluation using 10 panelists demonstrated that the CS/Gel NPs significantly reduced the bitter taste of RGE. Additionally, the CS/Gel NPs improved the thermal and acid stabilities, which were almost 6 and 8 times higher than those in the free RGE (p < 0.05), respectively. Likewise, our findings revealed that the RGE-CS/Gel NPs effectively maintain their inhibitory function against platelet aggregation (76.30 %) in an acidic environment. Therefore, the CS/Gel NPs can be used as a potential delivery system to mask the bitterness and improve the stability of RGE, which may enhance its application as a more palatable functional food ingredient with high anti-platelet activity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126259
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Article ; Online: Identification and Molecular Docking Analysis of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana).

Han, Byungkwon / Park, Se Yeong / Jeong, Eunwoo / Baek, Youjin / Lee, Jin Young / Kim, Hyun-Joo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

2024

Abstract: Hypertension remains a significant global health concern, contributing significantly to cardiovascular diseases and mortality rates. The inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in alleviating high blood pressure. We ... ...

Abstract	Hypertension remains a significant global health concern, contributing significantly to cardiovascular diseases and mortality rates. The inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in alleviating high blood pressure. We investigated the potential of finger millets (Eleusine coracana) as a natural remedy for hypertension by isolating and characterizing its ACE-inhibitory compound. First, we evaluated the ACE-inhibitory activity of the finger millet ethanol extract and subsequently proceeded with solvent fractionation. Among the solvent fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity and was further fractionated. Using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, the ethyl acetate fraction was separated into four subfractions, with fraction 2 (F2) exhibiting the highest ACE inhibitory activity. Subsequent 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13 C-NMR analyses confirmed that the isolated compound from F2 was catechin. Furthermore, molecular docking studies indicated that catechin has the potential to act as an ACE inhibitor. These findings suggest that finger millets, particularly as a source of catechin, have the potential to be used as a natural antihypertensive.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188869-9
ISSN	1573-9104 ; 0377-3205
ISSN (online)	1573-9104
ISSN	0377-3205
DOI	10.1007/s11130-024-01191-w
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Article: Chitosan-Tripolyphosphate Nanoparticles Prepared by Ionic Gelation Improve the Antioxidant Activities of Astaxanthin in the In Vitro and In Vivo Model

Kim, Eun Suh / Baek, Youjin / Yoo, Hyun-Jae / Lee, Ji-Soo / Lee, Hyeon Gyu

Antioxidants. 2022 Feb. 28, v. 11, no. 3

2022

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan (CS)-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles (NPs) on the stability, antioxidant activity, and bioavailability of astaxanthin (ASX). ASX-loaded CS-TPP NPs (ACT-NPs) prepared by ionic gelation ... ...

Abstract	The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan (CS)-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles (NPs) on the stability, antioxidant activity, and bioavailability of astaxanthin (ASX). ASX-loaded CS-TPP NPs (ACT-NPs) prepared by ionic gelation between CS (0.571 mg/mL) and TPP (0.571 mg/mL) showed 505.2 ± 184.8 nm, 20.4 ± 1.2 mV, 0.348 ± 0.044, and 63.9 ± 3.0% of particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency, respectively. An in vitro release study confirmed that the release of ASX in simulated gastric (pH 1.2) and intestinal (pH 6.8) fluid was prolonged within ACT-NPs. The in vitro antioxidant activities of ACT-NPs were significantly improved compared with free ASX (FA) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the cellular and in vivo antioxidant analysis verified that ACT-NPs could enhance the cytoprotective effects on the BHK-21 cell line and demonstrate sustained release properties, leading to prolonged residence time in the rat plasma. The results suggest that the stability, antioxidant properties, and bioavailability of ASX can be effectively enhanced through encapsulation within CS-TPP NPs.
Keywords	antioxidant activity ; antioxidants ; astaxanthin ; bioavailability ; cell lines ; chitosan ; encapsulation ; gelation ; intestines ; models ; pH ; particle size ; rats ; zeta potential
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0228
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11030479
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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