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  1. Article: Impact of Bone-Grafting Materials on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review.

    Alalola, Bassam / Asiri, Ali / Binmoghaiseeb, Ibraheem / Baharoon, Waleed / Alrassi, Yazeed / Alanizy, Bandar / Alsayari, Hesham

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e44535

    Abstract: Orthodontists may encounter patients with alveolar bony defects, which are often treated with various bone-grafting materials. The effects of different bone-grafting materials on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) are of concern to orthodontists. Therefore, ...

    Abstract Orthodontists may encounter patients with alveolar bony defects, which are often treated with various bone-grafting materials. The effects of different bone-grafting materials on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) are of concern to orthodontists. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the current status of the literature that reports on the effects of different bone-grafting materials on OTM in terms of the rate and side effects. An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases and Google Scholar was performed. Two reviewers independently conducted the screening process using COVIDENCE™, and a third reviewer resolved any conflicts. SYRCLE's (Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's) risk-of-bias tool for animal studies was utilized to assess the quality of the included studies. Out of 457 initial titles, 11 studies were finally included for data extraction. All of the included studies were animal experiments, and none of them were considered to have a low risk of bias. The included studies had varied results. However, a general tendency existed, whereby OTM in surgically treated areas with no bone grafting presented the highest OTM rate. In cases where a bone graft was used, xenografts revealed the highest OTM rate, followed by alloplasts. Lastly, the use of allografts resulted in the slowest OTM rates. The most common side effect was root resorption. In conclusion, there is a lack of high-quality evidence regarding the effects of bone-grafting materials on OTM rate. Due to the lack of human subjects, RCTs, and the heterogeneity of subjects in the current literature, the impact of bone-grafting materials on OTM deserves further investigations using more rigorous scientific methodologies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.44535
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Adequacy of physician clinical rounds and nursing care elements for non-COVID-19 infected patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Alrasheed, Abdullah / Shamou, Jinan / Rajendram, Rajkumar / Boqaeid, Abdulaziz / Qasim, Salman / Baharoon, Waleed / Layqah, Laila / Baharoon, Salim

    Journal of infection and public health

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 648–653

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created many challenges for healthcare systems. Frontline workers and especially healthcare professionals were the most severely affected through increased working hours, burnout and major psychological distress.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created many challenges for healthcare systems. Frontline workers and especially healthcare professionals were the most severely affected through increased working hours, burnout and major psychological distress.
    Objectives: To evaluate the changes in standard care elements which occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically the physician clinical rounds and nursing care provided to non-COVID-19 infected patients.
    Design: Observational retrospective study.
    Settings: The study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. KAMC is a 1200 bed tertiary care referral academic medical center.
    Patients (materials) and methods: We compared the physician clinical rounds and nursing care elements in all admissions due to non-COVID-19 pneumonia and ST elevation myocardial infarction during the lockdown period with similar admissions in a baseline period in the same weeks in the previous pre-lockdown.
    Main outcome measures: To evaluates the changes occurring during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the standard care elements, such as the physician rounds and nursing care.
    Sample size: Total of 113 patients records were analyzed.
    Results: During the lock down period, a total of 113 patients were admitted to the medical and cardiology wards, (95 patients with pneumonia and 18 patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)) compared to 89 patients in the pre lockdown period (74 patients with pneumonia and 15 patients with STEMI). Both groups were similar in age, gender, disposition, length of stay, goal of care planning and outcome. Chronic respiratory disease and Diabetes were more present in patients admitted on the pre lockdown time. Azithromycin was more frequently used as part of the initial antibiotic regimen for pneumonia during the pre-lockdown while doxycycline was significantly more during the lockdown. For the 95 patients admitted in the medical wards during the lockdown, there were a total of 820 physicians' clinical rounds opportunities for senior and junior physicians each. The residents missed 133 (16.2%) and consultant missed 252 (30.7%) of those clinical rounds opportunities. Missed clinical rounds opportunities during the pre-lock down period was higher for residents and consultants at 19.3% (P = 0.429 ) and 36.3% respectively (P = 0.027 ). Similarly, missed clinical rounds opportunities was less during the lockdown period from 35.2% to 25% (p 0.022) and from 38.8% to 30.6% (p = 1 ) for junior staff and consultant cardiology respectively compared to pre lockdown period. For nursing care elements, there was a decrease in missed opportunities in vital signs measurement (p 0.47 and p 0.226), pain assessment (p 0.088 and p 0,366) and skin care (p 0.249 and p 0.576) for patients admitted during the lockdown period in medical and cardiology wards.
    Conclusions: Caring for patients admitted for non COVID 19 infection reasons, physicians' clinical rounds did marginally increase compared to pre lockdown period while nurses monitoring for those patients was significantly higher. No difference in mortality was observed for patients admitted pre and during lockdown. The number of missed opportunities to do clinical rounds by physicians remains high during both periods and measures to improve adherence of physicians to performed clinical rounds are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Pandemics ; Teaching Rounds ; Communicable Disease Control ; Physicians
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2467587-8
    ISSN 1876-035X ; 1876-0341
    ISSN (online) 1876-035X
    ISSN 1876-0341
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.04.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Patients, Risk Factors, and Efficacy of Low Dose Prophylactic Antibiotics Therapy.

    Alghoraibi, Hala / Asidan, Aisha / Aljawaied, Raneem / Almukhayzim, Raghad / Alsaydan, Aljoharah / Alamer, Elaf / Baharoon, Waleed / Masuadi, Emad / Al Shukairi, Abeer / Layqah, Laila / Baharoon, Salim

    Journal of epidemiology and global health

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 200–211

    Abstract: Background: Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in sizable percentages of patients after a single episode and is a frequent cause of primary healthcare visits and hospital admissions, accounting for up to one quarter of emergency department ... ...

    Abstract Background: Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in sizable percentages of patients after a single episode and is a frequent cause of primary healthcare visits and hospital admissions, accounting for up to one quarter of emergency department visits. We aim to describe the pattern of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis prescription for recurrent urinary tract infections, in what group of adult patients they are prescribed and their efficacy.
    Methods: A retrospective chart review of all adult patients diagnosed with single and recurrent symptomatic urinary tract infection in the period of January 2016 to December 2018.
    Results: A total of 250 patients with a single UTI episode and 227 patients with recurrent UTI episodes were included. Risk factors for recurrent UTI included diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, and use of immunosuppressive drugs, renal transplant, any form of urinary tract catheterization, immobilization and neurogenic bladder. E. coli infections were the most prevalent organism in patients with UTI episodes. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to 55% of patients with UTIs, Nitrofurantoin, Bactrim or amoxicillin clavulanic acid. Post renal transplant is the most frequent reason to prophylaxis antibiotics (44%). Bactrim was more prescribed in younger patients (P < 0.001), in post-renal transplantation (P < 0.001) and after urological procedures (P < 0.001), while Nitrofurantoin was more prescribed in immobilized patients (P = 0.002) and in patients with neurogenic bladder (P < 0.001). Patients who received continuous prophylactic antibiotics experienced significantly less episodes of urinary tract infections (P < 0.001), emergency room visits and hospital admissions due to urinary tract infections (P < 0.001).
    Conclusion: Despite being effective in reducing recurrent urinary tract infection rate, emergency room visits and hospital admissions due to UTI, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis was only used in 55% of patients with recurrent infections. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was the most frequently used prophylactic antibiotic. Urology and gynecological referral were infrequently requested as part of the evaluation process for patients with recurrent UTI. There was a lack of use of other interventions such as topical estrogen in postmenopausal women and documentation of education on non-pharmacological methods to decrease urinary tract infections.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/adverse effects ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods ; Nitrofurantoin/therapeutic use ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use ; Escherichia coli ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/complications ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Escherichia coli Infections ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Nitrofurantoin (927AH8112L) ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination (8064-90-2) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645324-1
    ISSN 2210-6014 ; 2210-6014
    ISSN (online) 2210-6014
    ISSN 2210-6014
    DOI 10.1007/s44197-023-00105-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Occurrence of vancomycin MIC creep in methicillin resistant isolates in Saudi Arabia.

    Aljohani, Sameerah / Layqah, Laila / Masuadi, Emad / Al Alwan, Bassam / Baharoon, Waleed / Gramish, Jawaher / Baharoon, Salim

    Journal of infection and public health

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 10, Page(s) 1576–1579

    Abstract: Background: "MIC creep" is a phenomenon that describes an increase of an organism MICs over time and have been reported from different parts of the world. High MIC in MRSA has been theoretically liked to treatment failure and may be a precursor to hVISA ...

    Abstract Background: "MIC creep" is a phenomenon that describes an increase of an organism MICs over time and have been reported from different parts of the world. High MIC in MRSA has been theoretically liked to treatment failure and may be a precursor to hVISA and VISA. This study was conducted to assess presence of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) creeps among clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Saudi Arabia.
    Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin by E test of all MRSA isolates of from 2013 to 2018 were reviewed.
    Results: Of the 736 isolates evaluated, no isolates with MIC above 2 were found. Majority of MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin with MIC less than 1. There was a significant increase in both Arithmetic and geometric mean MIC for vancomycin during the first three years which progressively declined in the next three years.
    Conclusions: Although most of MRSA isolated remained very susceptible to vancomycin there was evidence of dynamic vancomycin MIC creep over time.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Saudi Arabia ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Vancomycin/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1876-035X
    ISSN (online) 1876-035X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Candida

    Alkharashi, Nawaf / Aljohani, Sameera / Layqah, Laila / Masuadi, Emad / Baharoon, Waleed / Al-Jahdali, Hamdan / Baharoon, Salim

    The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale

    2019  Volume 2019, Page(s) 2015692

    Abstract: Background: Candida: Objectives: To study the epidemiology and to evaluate the risk factors, prognostic factors, and mortality associated with candidemia and to compare these findings with previously published studies from Saudi Arabia.: Design: A ...

    Abstract Background: Candida
    Objectives: To study the epidemiology and to evaluate the risk factors, prognostic factors, and mortality associated with candidemia and to compare these findings with previously published studies from Saudi Arabia.
    Design: A retrospective medical record review.
    Setting: Tertiary hospital in Riyadh.
    Patients and methods: The analysis included all cases of
    Main outcome measure: Incidence, resistance, and hospital outcomes in
    Sample size: 324 patients.
    Results: Three hundred and twenty-four episodes of
    Conclusion: There is an increasing trend of non
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-17
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1057056-1
    ISSN 1712-9532 ; 1180-2332
    ISSN 1712-9532 ; 1180-2332
    DOI 10.1155/2019/2015692
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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