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  1. Article ; Online: Editorial Perspective: Misaligned incentives in mental health research - the case for Registered Reports.

    Baldwin, Jessie R

    Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

    2023  Volume 65, Issue 2, Page(s) 251–255

    Abstract: Current incentive structures reward mental health researchers for producing positive, novel, and clean results. This can promote questionable research practices which contribute to a distorted evidence base, in turn limiting progress in mental health ... ...

    Abstract Current incentive structures reward mental health researchers for producing positive, novel, and clean results. This can promote questionable research practices which contribute to a distorted evidence base, in turn limiting progress in mental health research. Registered Reports (RRs) offer a solution to realign the incentives towards conducting high-quality, rigorous, and accurate studies, by preventing publication and reporting biases. However, the uptake of RRs in mental health research has so far been limited. This editorial perspective highlights the advantages of RRs for mental health research, before discussing potential challenges and how they can be addressed. Greater uptake of RRs in mental health research could help to promote a fairer research culture, limit publication bias and questionable research practices, and ultimately, improve understanding of mental health.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motivation ; Mental Health ; Pre-Registration Publication ; Reward ; Publication Bias
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218136-8
    ISSN 1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    ISSN (online) 1469-7610
    ISSN 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    DOI 10.1111/jcpp.13898
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  2. Article ; Online: The economic costs linked to adverse childhood experiences in Europe.

    Baldwin, Jessie R

    The Lancet. Public health

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 11, Page(s) e789–e790

    MeSH term(s) Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Europe ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 2468-2667
    ISSN (online) 2468-2667
    DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00233-4
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  3. Article ; Online: Prospective and Retrospective Measures of Child Maltreatment and Their Association With Psychopathology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Baldwin, Jessie R / Coleman, Oonagh / Francis, Emma R / Danese, Andrea

    JAMA psychiatry

    2024  

    Abstract: Importance: Prospective and retrospective measures of childhood maltreatment identify largely different groups of individuals. However, it is unclear if these measures are differentially associated with psychopathology.: Objective: To analyze the ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Prospective and retrospective measures of childhood maltreatment identify largely different groups of individuals. However, it is unclear if these measures are differentially associated with psychopathology.
    Objective: To analyze the associations of prospective and retrospective measures of childhood maltreatment with psychopathology.
    Data sources: Based on a preregistered protocol, Embase, PsycInfo, and MEDLINE were searched for peer-reviewed studies published by January 1, 2023, that measured the associations of prospective and retrospective measures of child maltreatment with psychopathology.
    Study selection: Titles and abstracts of all articles captured by the search and full texts of potentially eligible studies were independently screened by 2 authors. Observational studies with measures of the association of prospective and retrospective measures of childhood maltreatment with psychopathology were included.
    Data extraction and synthesis: Multiple investigators independently extracted data. Multilevel random-effects meta-analyses were used to pool the results and test predictors of heterogeneity.
    Main outcome and measures: Associations between prospective or retrospective measures of child maltreatment and psychopathology, both unadjusted and adjusted (ie, the association between prospective measures of maltreatment and psychopathology adjusted for retrospective measures, and vice versa), and moderation of these associations by preselected variables.
    Results: The meta-analyses were based on 24 studies including 15 485 individuals (51.0% female; mean age, 21.3 years at retrospective report). Retrospective measures of childhood maltreatment showed stronger associations with psychopathology relative to prospective measures in both unadjusted analyses (retrospective measures: odds ratio [OR], 2.21; 95%, 1.94-2.42 vs prospective measures: OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.39-1.76) and adjusted analyses (retrospective measures: OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.90-2.42 vs prospective measures: OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.13-1.41). There was no statistically significant moderation of the unadjusted or adjusted associations between prospective measures of child maltreatment and psychopathology. The associations between retrospective measures and psychopathology were stronger when the assessment of psychopathology was based on self-reports and was focused on internalizing or emotional disorders.
    Conclusions and relevance: Psychopathology is more strongly associated with retrospective measures-which capture the first-person, subjective appraisal of childhood events reflected in memory recall-compared to prospective measures-which essentially capture third-person accounts of such events. Maltreatment-related psychopathology may be driven by subjective interpretations of experiences, distressing memories, and associated schemas, which could be targeted by cognitive interventions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701203-7
    ISSN 2168-6238 ; 2168-622X
    ISSN (online) 2168-6238
    ISSN 2168-622X
    DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0818
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  4. Article ; Online: Improving the Way that We Conceptualise Adverse Childhood Experiences - A Commentary on Sisitsky et al. (2023).

    Baldwin, Jessie R / Bowes, Lucy / Chow, Athena R W

    Research on child and adolescent psychopathology

    2023  Volume 51, Issue 12, Page(s) 1801–1803

    Abstract: Research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has traditionally relied on cumulative ACE scores, which prevents understanding about the effects of distinct adversities and their mechanistic pathways. Dimensional and person-centred approaches have been ...

    Abstract Research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has traditionally relied on cumulative ACE scores, which prevents understanding about the effects of distinct adversities and their mechanistic pathways. Dimensional and person-centred approaches have been proposed as alternative methods to conceptualise ACEs, which address limitations of the cumulative ACE score. In this issue, Sisitsky et al. (Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 2023) apply these approaches to identify dimensions of ACEs and profiles of children with distinct patterns of early exposure, in a large, racially diverse cohort from the US. The authors also examine the longitudinal associations between profiles of early adversity in early childhood with later mental health and telomere length. In this commentary, we discuss key findings from the study and recommend future avenues for improving the conceptualisation of ACEs.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Mental Health ; Life Change Events
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3041907-4
    ISSN 2730-7174 ; 2730-7166
    ISSN (online) 2730-7174
    ISSN 2730-7166
    DOI 10.1007/s10802-023-01107-3
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  5. Article ; Online: Research, Practice, and Policy Implications of Adverse Childhood Events-Reply.

    Baldwin, Jessie R / Danese, Andrea

    JAMA pediatrics

    2021  Volume 175, Issue 8, Page(s) 867–868

    MeSH term(s) Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Child ; Health Policy ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2701223-2
    ISSN 2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
    ISSN (online) 2168-6211
    ISSN 2168-6203
    DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0813
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  6. Article ; Online: Burden of Mental Disorders and Suicide Attributable to Childhood Maltreatment.

    Grummitt, Lucinda / Baldwin, Jessie R / Lafoa'i, Johanna / Keyes, Katherine M / Barrett, Emma L

    JAMA psychiatry

    2024  

    Abstract: Importance: The proportion of mental disorders and burden causally attributable to childhood maltreatment is unknown.: Objective: To determine the contribution of child maltreatment to mental health conditions in Australia, accounting for genetic and ...

    Abstract Importance: The proportion of mental disorders and burden causally attributable to childhood maltreatment is unknown.
    Objective: To determine the contribution of child maltreatment to mental health conditions in Australia, accounting for genetic and environmental confounding.
    Design, setting, and participants: This meta-analysis involved an epidemiological assessment accounting for genetic and environmental confounding between maltreatment and mental health and 3 cross-sectional national surveys: the Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) 2023, National Study of Mental Health and Well-being 2020-2022, and Australian Burden of Disease Study 2023. Causal estimates were derived on the association between childhood maltreatment and mental health conditions from a meta-analysis of quasi-experimental studies. This was combined with the prevalence of maltreatment from the ACMS to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF). The PAF was applied to the number and burden of mental health conditions in Australia, sourced from 2 population-based, nationally representative surveys of Australians aged 16 to 85 years, to generate the number and associated burden of mental disorders attributable to child maltreatment.
    Exposure: Physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, or neglect prior to age 18 years.
    Main outcomes and measures: Proportion and number of cases, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years of mental health conditions (anxiety, depression, harmful alcohol and drug use, self-harm, and suicide attempt) attributable to childhood maltreatment.
    Results: Meta-analytic estimates were generated from 34 studies and 54 646 participants and applied to prevalence estimates of childhood maltreatment generated from 8503 Australians. Childhood maltreatment accounted for a substantial proportion of mental health conditions, ranging from 21% (95% CI, 13%-28%) for depression to 41% (95% CI, 27%-54%) of suicide attempts. More than 1.8 million cases of depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders could be prevented if childhood maltreatment was eradicated. Maltreatment accounted for 66 143 years of life lost (95% CI, 43 313-87 314), primarily through suicide, and 184 636 disability-adjusted life-years (95% CI, 109 321-252 887).
    Conclusions and relevance: This study provides the first estimates of the causal contribution of child maltreatment to mental health in Australia. Results highlight the urgency of preventing child maltreatment to reduce the population prevalence and burden of mental disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701203-7
    ISSN 2168-6238 ; 2168-622X
    ISSN (online) 2168-6238
    ISSN 2168-622X
    DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0804
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  7. Article ; Online: Early risk factors for joint trajectories of bullying victimisation and perpetration.

    Chow, Athena R W / Pingault, Jean-Baptiste / Baldwin, Jessie R

    European child & adolescent psychiatry

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 9, Page(s) 1723–1731

    Abstract: Bullying victimisation is a prevalent stressor associated with serious health problems. To inform intervention strategies, it is important to understand children's patterns of involvement in bullying victimisation and perpetration across development, and ...

    Abstract Bullying victimisation is a prevalent stressor associated with serious health problems. To inform intervention strategies, it is important to understand children's patterns of involvement in bullying victimisation and perpetration across development, and identify early risk factors for these developmental trajectories. We analysed data from the Millennium Cohort Study (N = 14,525; 48.6% female, 82.6% White), a representative birth cohort of British children born in 2000-2002 across the UK. Bullying victimisation and perpetration were assessed via child, mother, and teacher reports at ages 5, 7, 11, and 14 years. Early risk factors (child emotional, cognitive, and physical vulnerabilities, and adverse family environments) were assessed at ages 9 months, 3, and 5 years. Using k-means for longitudinal data, we identified five joint trajectories of victimisation and perpetration across ages 5, 7, 11, and 14: uninvolved children (59.78%), early child victims (9.96%), early adolescent victims (15.07%), early child bullies (8.01%), and bully- victims (7.19%). Individual vulnerabilities (e.g., emotional dysregulation, cognitive difficulties) and adverse family environments (maternal psychopathology, low income) in pre-school years independently forecast multiple trajectories of bullying involvement. Compared to victims, bully-victims were more likely to be male, have cognitive difficulties, and experience harsh discipline and low income. Interventions addressing these risk factors (e.g., via accessible mental health care, stigma-based interventions, or programs to support low-income families) may help to prevent bullying involvement and its associated sequelae.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Bullying/psychology ; Crime Victims/psychology ; Emotions ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1118299-4
    ISSN 1435-165X ; 1018-8827 ; 1433-5719
    ISSN (online) 1435-165X
    ISSN 1018-8827 ; 1433-5719
    DOI 10.1007/s00787-022-01989-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Triangulating evidence on the role of perceived versus objective experiences of childhood adversity in psychopathology.

    Baldwin, Jessie R / Degli Esposti, Michelle

    JCPP advances

    2021  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) e12010

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2692-9384
    ISSN (online) 2692-9384
    DOI 10.1111/jcv2.12010
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  9. Article ; Online: Considering the Source of Information in the Evaluation of Maltreatment Experiences-Reply.

    Baldwin, Jessie R / Danese, Andrea

    JAMA psychiatry

    2019  Volume 76, Issue 9, Page(s) 985–986

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child Abuse/diagnosis ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2701203-7
    ISSN 2168-6238 ; 2168-622X
    ISSN (online) 2168-6238
    ISSN 2168-622X
    DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1685
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  10. Article ; Online: Research Review: A guide to computing and implementing polygenic scores in developmental research.

    Allegrini, Andrea G / Baldwin, Jessie R / Barkhuizen, Wikus / Pingault, Jean-Baptiste

    Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

    2022  Volume 63, Issue 10, Page(s) 1111–1124

    Abstract: The increasing availability of genotype data in longitudinal population- and family-based samples provides opportunities for using polygenic scores (PGS) to study developmental questions in child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. Here, we aim to ... ...

    Abstract The increasing availability of genotype data in longitudinal population- and family-based samples provides opportunities for using polygenic scores (PGS) to study developmental questions in child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of how PGS can be generated and implemented in developmental psycho(patho)logy, with a focus on longitudinal designs. As such, the paper is organized into three parts: First, we provide a formal definition of polygenic scores and related concepts, focusing on assumptions and limitations. Second, we give a general overview of the methods used to compute polygenic scores, ranging from the classic approach to more advanced methods. We include recommendations and reference resources available to researchers aiming to conduct PGS analyses. Finally, we focus on the practical applications of PGS in the analysis of longitudinal data. We describe how PGS have been used to research developmental outcomes, and how they can be applied to longitudinal data to address developmental questions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Genotype ; Humans ; Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218136-8
    ISSN 1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    ISSN (online) 1469-7610
    ISSN 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
    DOI 10.1111/jcpp.13611
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