Result 1 - 10 of total 937
The Homoeopathic physician
2023 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 283
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Publishing date | 2023-05-01 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 6032
Abstract: The thalamus enables key sensory, motor, emotive, and cognitive processes via connections to the cortex. These projection patterns are traditionally considered to originate from discrete thalamic nuclei, however recent work showing gradients of molecular ...
| Abstract | The thalamus enables key sensory, motor, emotive, and cognitive processes via connections to the cortex. These projection patterns are traditionally considered to originate from discrete thalamic nuclei, however recent work showing gradients of molecular and connectivity features in the thalamus suggests the organisation of thalamocortical connections occurs along a continuous dimension. By performing a joint decomposition of densely sampled gene expression and non-invasive diffusion tractography in the adult human thalamus, we define a principal axis of genetic and connectomic variation along a medial-lateral thalamic gradient. Projections along this axis correspond to an anterior-posterior cortical pattern and are aligned with electrophysiological properties of the cortex. The medial-lateral axis demonstrates phylogenetic conservation, reflects transitions in neuronal subtypes, and shows associations with neurodevelopment and common brain disorders. This study provides evidence for a supra-nuclear axis of thalamocortical organisation characterised by a graded transition in molecular properties and anatomical connectivity. |
|---|---|
| MeSH term(s) | Adult ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Brain ; Brain Diseases ; Cardiac Electrophysiology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-09-27 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 2553671-0 |
| ISSN | 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723 |
| ISSN (online) | 2041-1723 |
| ISSN | 2041-1723 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41467-023-41722-8 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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their role in the human body
2004
| Author's details | George Ball |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Vitamins ; Vitamin ; Ernährungsphysiologie ; Ernährung |
| Subject | Nutrition ; Ernährungsstatus ; Ernährungszustand ; Nahrungsphysiologie |
| Subject code | 612.399 |
| Language | English |
| Size | XIV, 432 p. : Ill., graph. Darst. |
| Publisher | Blackwell Science |
| Publishing place | Oxford u.a. |
| Publishing country | Great Britain |
| Document type | Book |
| HBZ-ID | HT014063659 |
| ISBN | 0-632-06478-1 ; 978-0-632-06478-6 |
| Database | Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture |
| Shelf mark | Loan status | Location |
|---|---|---|
| 048/1716 | available for loan (reading room) | Freihandmagazin (U1) |
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2019 Volume 224, Issue 3, Page(s) 1185–1201
Abstract: Quantifying individual variation in postnatal brain development can provide insight into cognitive diversity within a population and the aetiology of common neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Non-invasive studies of the non-human primate ... ...
| Abstract | Quantifying individual variation in postnatal brain development can provide insight into cognitive diversity within a population and the aetiology of common neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Non-invasive studies of the non-human primate can aid understanding of human brain development, facilitating longitudinal analysis during early postnatal development when comparative human populations are difficult to sample. In this study, we perform analysis of a longitudinal MRI dataset of 32 macaques, each with up to five magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans acquired between 3 and 36 months of age. Using nonlinear mixed effects model we derive growth trajectories for whole brain, cortical and subcortical grey matter, cerebral white matter and cerebellar volume. We then test the association between individual variation in postnatal tissue volumes and birth weight. We report nonlinear growth models for all tissue compartments, as well as significant variation in total intracranial volume between individuals. We also demonstrate that regional subcortical grey matter varies both in total volume and rate of change between individuals and is associated with differences in birth weight. This supports evidence that birth weight may act as a marker of subsequent brain development and highlights the importance of longitudinal MRI analysis in developmental studies. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Birth Weight ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/growth & development ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Individuality ; Longitudinal Studies ; Macaca mulatta ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2019-01-14 |
| Publishing country | Germany |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2273162-3 |
| ISSN | 1863-2661 ; 1863-2653 |
| ISSN (online) | 1863-2661 |
| ISSN | 1863-2653 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s00429-019-01829-5 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Ub I Zs.90: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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PLOS digital health
2024 Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) e0000432
Abstract: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability during childhood, occurring at a rate of 2.1 per 1000 live births. Early diagnosis is key to improving functional outcomes for children with CP. The General Movements (GMs) Assessment ... ...
| Abstract | Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability during childhood, occurring at a rate of 2.1 per 1000 live births. Early diagnosis is key to improving functional outcomes for children with CP. The General Movements (GMs) Assessment has high predictive validity for the detection of CP and is routinely used in high-risk infants but only 50% of infants with CP have overt risk factors when they are born. The implementation of CP screening programs represents an important endeavour, but feasibility is limited by access to trained GMs assessors. To facilitate progress towards this goal, we report a deep-learning framework for automating the GMs Assessment. We acquired 503 videos captured by parents and caregivers at home of infants aged between 12- and 18-weeks term-corrected age using a dedicated smartphone app. Using a deep learning algorithm, we automatically labelled and tracked 18 key body points in each video. We designed a custom pipeline to adjust for camera movement and infant size and trained a second machine learning algorithm to predict GMs classification from body point movement. Our automated body point labelling approach achieved human-level accuracy (mean ± SD error of 3.7 ± 5.2% of infant length) compared to gold-standard human annotation. Using body point tracking data, our prediction model achieved a cross-validated area under the curve (mean ± S.D.) of 0.80 ± 0.08 in unseen test data for predicting expert GMs classification with a sensitivity of 76% ± 15% for abnormal GMs and a negative predictive value of 94% ± 3%. This work highlights the potential for automated GMs screening programs to detect abnormal movements in infants as early as three months term-corrected age using digital technologies. |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-02-22 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 2767-3170 |
| ISSN (online) | 2767-3170 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000432 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science
2024
Abstract: In June 2021, FDA released a Draft Guidance on Sponsor Responsibilities for IND Safety Reporting and cited components of a recommended Safety Surveillance Plan (SSP). To meet the expectations of the 2021 FDA guidance, sponsors should document their plan ... ...
| Abstract | In June 2021, FDA released a Draft Guidance on Sponsor Responsibilities for IND Safety Reporting and cited components of a recommended Safety Surveillance Plan (SSP). To meet the expectations of the 2021 FDA guidance, sponsors should document their plan for aggregate safety assessment. The Drug Information Association-American Statistical Association Interdisciplinary Safety Evaluation scientific working group has proposed an Aggregate Safety Assessment Plan (ASAP) that addresses this recommendation. The 2021 FDA guidance also discusses potential strategies for unblinded review of safety data from ongoing studies by an independent Assessment Entity, which could occur via planned periodic evaluations or "triggered" reviews based on blinded data assessments. The Assessment Entity reviewing unblinded data makes recommendations as to whether the threshold has been met for submission of an aggregate IND safety report. In this paper, we discuss how the ASAP supports IND aggregate safety reporting decisions, including elements to be included in a proposed SSP appendix to the ASAP. In addition, the authors advocate for the benefits of developing a charter (or specific section of the Data Monitoring Committee charter, if applicable) that describes the responsibilities and conduct of the Assessment Entity. With these components in place, study sponsors will meet the objective of having clearly defined processes for the monitoring of clinical trial safety data in aggregate and making IND safety reporting decisions. |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-03-30 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2708397-4 |
| ISSN | 2168-4804 ; 2168-4790 |
| ISSN (online) | 2168-4804 |
| ISSN | 2168-4790 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s43441-024-00634-5 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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(Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde der Christian-Albrechts-Univ. ; 23)
2001
| Author's details | von Guntram Ball |
|---|---|
| Series title | Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde der Christian-Albrechts-Univ. ; 23 Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel |
| Collection | Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Humanernährung und Lebensmittelkunde der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel |
| Language | German |
| Size | 98 Bl. : graph. Darst. |
| Publisher | Selbstverl. des Inst. für Humanernährung der Christian-Albrecht-Universität |
| Publishing place | Kiel |
| Publishing country | Germany |
| Document type | Book ; Thesis |
| Thesis / German Habilitation thesis | Kiel, Univ., Diss., 2001 |
| Note | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| HBZ-ID | HT012975561 |
| ISBN | 3-926085-22-3 ; 978-3-926085-22-1 |
| Database | Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture |
| Shelf mark | Loan status | Location |
|---|---|---|
| 008/3353 | available for loan (reading room) | Freihandmagazin (U1) |
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2023 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 581–584
Abstract: Sponsor companies often create voluminous static listings for Clinical Study Reports (CSRs) and regulatory submissions, and possibly for internal use to review participant-level data. This is likely due to the perception that they are required and/or ... ...
| Abstract | Sponsor companies often create voluminous static listings for Clinical Study Reports (CSRs) and regulatory submissions, and possibly for internal use to review participant-level data. This is likely due to the perception that they are required and/or lack of knowledge of various alternatives. However, there are other ways of viewing clinical study data that can provide an improved user experience, and are made possible by standard data structures such as the Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM). The purpose of this paper is to explore some alternatives to providing a complete set of static listings and make a case for sponsors to begin considering these alternatives. We will discuss the recommendations from the PHUSE white paper, "Data Listings in Clinical Study Reports." |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-01-03 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2083706-9 |
| ISSN | 1539-1612 ; 1539-1604 |
| ISSN (online) | 1539-1612 |
| ISSN | 1539-1604 |
| DOI | 10.1002/pst.2286 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2023
Abstract: In this paper, we consider the decentralized, stochastic nonconvex strongly-concave (NCSC) minimax problem with nonsmooth regularization terms on both primal and dual variables, wherein a network of $m$ computing agents collaborate via peer-to-peer ... ...
| Abstract | In this paper, we consider the decentralized, stochastic nonconvex strongly-concave (NCSC) minimax problem with nonsmooth regularization terms on both primal and dual variables, wherein a network of $m$ computing agents collaborate via peer-to-peer communications. We consider when the coupling function is in expectation or finite-sum form and the double regularizers are convex functions, applied separately to the primal and dual variables. Our algorithmic framework introduces a Lagrangian multiplier to eliminate the consensus constraint on the dual variable. Coupling this with variance-reduction (VR) techniques, our proposed method, entitled VRLM, by a single neighbor communication per iteration, is able to achieve an $\mathcal{O}(\kappa^3\varepsilon^{-3})$ sample complexity under the general stochastic setting, with either a big-batch or small-batch VR option, where $\kappa$ is the condition number of the problem and $\varepsilon$ is the desired solution accuracy. With a big-batch VR, we can additionally achieve $\mathcal{O}(\kappa^2\varepsilon^{-2})$ communication complexity. Under the special finite-sum setting, our method with a big-batch VR can achieve an $\mathcal{O}(n + \sqrt{n} \kappa^2\varepsilon^{-2})$ sample complexity and $\mathcal{O}(\kappa^2\varepsilon^{-2})$ communication complexity, where $n$ is the number of components in the finite sum. All complexity results match the best-known results achieved by a few existing methods for solving special cases of the problem we consider. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work which provides convergence guarantees for NCSC minimax problems with general convex nonsmooth regularizers applied to both the primal and dual variables in the decentralized stochastic setting. Numerical experiments are conducted on two machine learning problems. Our code is downloadable from https://github.com/RPI-OPT/VRLM. |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Mathematics - Optimization and Control ; Computer Science - Machine Learning |
| Subject code | 510 |
| Publishing date | 2023-07-13 |
| Publishing country | us |
| Document type | Book ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
2023 Volume 30, Issue 7, Page(s) 6596–6608
Abstract: The evidence base to support reimbursement decision making for oncology drugs is often based on short-term follow-up trial data, and attempts to address this uncertainty are not typically undertaken once a reimbursement decision is made. To address this ... ...
| Abstract | The evidence base to support reimbursement decision making for oncology drugs is often based on short-term follow-up trial data, and attempts to address this uncertainty are not typically undertaken once a reimbursement decision is made. To address this gap, we sought to conduct a reassessment of an oncology drug (pembrolizumab) for patients with advanced melanoma which was approved based on interim data with a median 7.9 months of follow-up and for which long-term data have since been published. We developed a three-health-state partitioned survival model based on the phase 3 KEYNOTE-006 clinical trial data using patient-level data reconstruction techniques based on an interim analysis. We used a standard survival analysis and parametric curve fitting techniques to extrapolate beyond the trial follow-up time, and the model structure and inputs were derived from the literature. Five-year long-term follow-up data from the trial were then used to re-evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab for treatment of advanced melanoma. The best fitting parametric curves and corresponding survival extrapolations for reconstructed interim data and long-term data reconstructed from KEYNOTE-006 were different. An analysis of the 5 year long-term follow-up data generated a base case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) that was 28% higher than the ICER based on interim trial data. Our findings suggest that there may be a trade-off between certainty and the ICER. Conducting health technology re-assessments of certain oncology products on the basis of longer-term data availability, especially for those health technology adoption decisions made based on immature clinical data, may be of value to decision makers. |
|---|---|
| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Uncertainty ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Ipilimumab/therapeutic use ; Melanoma/drug therapy |
| Chemical Substances | Ipilimumab |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-07-10 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 1236972-x |
| ISSN | 1718-7729 ; 1198-0052 |
| ISSN (online) | 1718-7729 |
| ISSN | 1198-0052 |
| DOI | 10.3390/curroncol30070484 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 4305: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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