LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 108

Search options

Article ; Online: What physiological role(s) does the alternative oxidase perform in animals?

Jacobs, Howard T / Ballard, J William O

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Bioenergetics

2022 Volume 1863, Issue 6, Page(s) 148556

Abstract: Although the alternative oxidase, AOX, was known to be widespread in the animal kingdom by 2004, its exact physiological role in animals remains poorly understood. Here we present what evidence has accumulated thus far, indicating that it may play a role ...

Abstract	Although the alternative oxidase, AOX, was known to be widespread in the animal kingdom by 2004, its exact physiological role in animals remains poorly understood. Here we present what evidence has accumulated thus far, indicating that it may play a role in enabling animals to resist various kinds of stress, including toxins, abnormal oxygen or nutrient levels, protein unfolding, dessication and pathogen attack. Much of our knowledge comes from studies in model organisms, where any benefits from exogenously expressed AOX may be masked by its unregulated expression, which may itself be stressful. The further question arises as to why AOX has been lost from some major crown groups, namely vertebrates, insects and cephalopods, if it plays important roles favouring the survival of other animals. We conclude by presenting some speculative ideas addressing this question, and an outline of how it might be approached experimentally.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ciona intestinalis ; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism ; Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Mitochondrial Proteins ; Plant Proteins ; Oxidoreductases (EC 1.-) ; alternative oxidase (EC 1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	60-7
ISSN	1879-2650 ; 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
ISSN (online)	1879-2650 ; 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618
ISSN	0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
DOI	10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148556
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Uc I Zs.247: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: What physiological role(s) does the alternative oxidase perform in animals?

Jacobs, Howard T. / Ballard, J. William O.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. 2022 Aug. 01, v. 1863, no. 6

2022

Abstract	Although the alternative oxidase, AOX, was known to be widespread in the animal kingdom by 2004, its exact physiological role in animals remains poorly understood. Here we present what evidence has accumulated thus far, indicating that it may play a role in enabling animals to resist various kinds of stress, including toxins, abnormal oxygen or nutrient levels, protein unfolding, dessication and pathogen attack. Much of our knowledge comes from studies in model organisms, where any benefits from exogenously expressed AOX may be masked by its unregulated expression, which may itself be stressful. The further question arises as to why AOX has been lost from some major crown groups, namely vertebrates, insects and cephalopods, if it plays important roles favouring the survival of other animals. We conclude by presenting some speculative ideas addressing this question, and an outline of how it might be approached experimentally.
Keywords	Cephalopoda ; oxidoreductases ; oxygen ; pathogens
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0801
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	282711-6
ISSN	0005-2728 ; 0304-4173
ISSN	0005-2728 ; 0304-4173
DOI	10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148556
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Uc I Zs.247: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Characterisation of volatile organic compounds in dingo scat and a comparison with those of the domestic dog

Lepan, Tyler J. / Truong, Thy T. / Yadav, Sonu / Ballard, J. William O.

Australian Journal of Zoology. 2023, v. 70, no. 5 p.142-152

2023

Abstract: Olfaction is a widespread mode of communication in mammals. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples such as scat and urine give them either a repellent property to warn prey or an attractant property to communicate reproductive, ... ...

Abstract	Olfaction is a widespread mode of communication in mammals. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples such as scat and urine give them either a repellent property to warn prey or an attractant property to communicate reproductive, social, and territorial status to conspecifics. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are VOC differences in the scat of a dingo compared to that of a domestic German Shepherd Dog (GSD). We standardised the diet for 10days and then collected scat from 14 dingoes and 11 GSDs. Using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we characterised VOCs present in the dingo scat and compared the composition with those of GSDs. We identified 58 significant VOCs out of a total of 154 VOCs identified in both dingoes and GSDs. Of these, 12 were significantly higher in the scat of dingoes and 46 elevated in the GSD. Of the 12 elevated in the dingo, three were unique and present in high concentration (>10ng/g), four were elevated and present in high concentration and five were present at low concentrations (<10ng/g). We suggest that the detected differences show potential to be incorporated into dingo management strategies.
Keywords	German Shepherd ; diet ; dingoes ; dogs ; feces ; smell ; solid phase microextraction ; spectroscopy ; urine ; volatile organic compounds ; canids ; dingo ; German Shepherd dog ; HS-SPME-GC/MS ; native animal management ; odours ; olfaction ; scat ; untargeted volatilomics
Language	English
Size	p. 142-152.
Publishing place	CSIRO Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	184535-4
ISSN	0004-959X
ISSN	0004-959X
DOI	10.1071/ZO23001
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 71/708: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Dietary management and physical exercise can improve climbing defects and mitochondrial activity in Drosophila melanogaster parkin null mutants.

Bajracharya, Rijan / Ballard, J William O

Fly

2018 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 95–104

Abstract: Physical exercise can improve gait, balance, tremor, flexibility, grip strength and motor coordination in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Several lines of evidence have also shown the therapeutic potential of dietary management and supplementation in ... ...

Abstract	Physical exercise can improve gait, balance, tremor, flexibility, grip strength and motor coordination in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Several lines of evidence have also shown the therapeutic potential of dietary management and supplementation in halting the progression of PD. However, there is a lack of research on the combined effects of physical activity and nutrition in the progression of PD. We test the effects exercise and dietary modification in a Drosophila model of PD. In this study, we fed Drosophila parkin mutants high protein and high carbohydrate diets without and with stearic acid (4 treatments in total). In parallel, we subjected mutants to a regimen of exercise using a purpose-built 'Power tower' exercise machine. We then measured climbing ability, aconitase activity, and basal mitochondrial ROS levels. We observed that exercising parkin mutants fed the high protein diet improved their climbing ability and increased aconitase activity. There was an additional improvement in climbing and aconitase activity in exercised parkin mutants fed the high protein diet supplemented with stearic acid. No benefits of exercise were seen in parkin mutants fed the high carbohydrate diet. Combined, these results suggest that dietary management along with physical activty has potential to improve mitochondrial biogenesis and delay the progression of PD in Drosophila parkin mutants.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified/physiology ; Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage ; Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/physiology ; Locomotion ; Male ; Mitochondria/physiology ; Motor Activity ; Mutation ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology ; Parkinson Disease/therapy ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Stearic Acids/administration & dosage ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Dietary Carbohydrates ; Dietary Proteins ; Drosophila Proteins ; Stearic Acids ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; park protein, Drosophila (EC 6.3.2.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1933-6942
ISSN (online)	1933-6942
DOI	10.1080/19336934.2018.1482139
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Mitochondria, the gut microbiome and ROS.

Ballard, J William O / Towarnicki, Samuel G

Cellular signalling

2020 Volume 75, Page(s) 109737

Abstract: In this review, we discuss the connections between mitochondria and the gut microbiome provided by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examine the mitochondrion as an endosymbiotic organelle that is a hub for energy production, signaling, and cell ... ...

Abstract	In this review, we discuss the connections between mitochondria and the gut microbiome provided by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examine the mitochondrion as an endosymbiotic organelle that is a hub for energy production, signaling, and cell homeostasis. Maintaining a diverse gut microbiome is generally associated with organismal fitness, intestinal health and resistance to environmental stress. In contrast, gut microbiome imbalance, termed dysbiosis, is linked to a reduction in organismal well-being. ROS are essential signaling molecules but can be damaging when present in excess. Increasing ROS levels have been shown to influence human health, homeostasis of gut cells, and the gastrointestinal microbial community's biodiversity. Reciprocally, gut microbes can affect ROS levels, mitochondrial homeostasis, and host health. We propose that mechanistic understanding of the suite of bi-directional interactions between mitochondria and the gut microbiome will facilitate innovative interdisciplinary studies examining evolutionary divergence and provide novel treatments and therapeutics for disease. GLOSS: In this review, we focus on the nexus between mitochondria and the gut microbiome provided by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria are a cell organelle that is derived from an ancestral alpha-proteobacteria. They generate around 80% of the adenosine triphosphate that an organism needs to function and release a range of signaling molecules essential for cellular homeostasis. The gut microbiome is a suite of microorganisms that are commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic to their host. ROS are one predominant group of essential signaling molecules that can be harmful in excess. We suggest that the mitochondria- microbiome nexus is a frontier of research that has cross-disciplinary benefits in understanding genetic divergence and human well-being.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Line ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Symbiosis
Chemical Substances	Reactive Oxygen Species
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1002702-6
ISSN	1873-3913 ; 0898-6568
ISSN (online)	1873-3913
ISSN	0898-6568
DOI	10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109737
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 2579: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Yin and Yang of mitochondrial ROS in Drosophila.

Towarnicki, Samuel G / Kok, Leanne M / Ballard, J William O

Journal of insect physiology

2020 Volume 122, Page(s) 104022

Abstract: In this study, we test the hypothesis that Drosophila larvae producing mildly elevated levels of endogenous mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) benefit in stressful environmental conditions due to the priming of antioxidant responses. Reactive ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we test the hypothesis that Drosophila larvae producing mildly elevated levels of endogenous mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) benefit in stressful environmental conditions due to the priming of antioxidant responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a by-product of oxidative phosphorylation and may be elevated when mutations decrease the efficiency of ATP production. In moderation, ROS are necessary for cell signaling and organismal health, but in excess can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids. We utilize two Drosophila melanogaster strains (Dahomey and Alstonville) that share the same nuclear genetic background but differ in their mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. Previously, we reported that Dahomey larvae harboring the V161L ND4 mtDNA mutation have reduced proton pumping and higher levels of mitochondrial ROS than Alstonville larvae when they are fed a 1:2 protein: carbohydrate (P:C) diet. Here, we explore the potential for mitochondrial ROS to provide resistance to dietary stressors by feeding larvae 1:2 P:C food supplemented with ethanol or hydrogen peroxide (H
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism ; Ethanol/metabolism ; Haplotypes ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Larva/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mutation ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1879-1611
ISSN (online)	1879-1611
DOI	10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104022
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Towards understanding the evolutionary dynamics of mtDNA.

Towarnicki, Samuel G / Ballard, J William O

Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis

2020 Volume 31, Issue 8, Page(s) 355–364

Abstract: Historically, mtDNA was considered a selectively neutral marker that was useful for estimating the population genetic history of the maternal lineage. Over time there has been an increasing appreciation of mtDNA and mitochondria in maintaining cellular ... ...

Abstract	Historically, mtDNA was considered a selectively neutral marker that was useful for estimating the population genetic history of the maternal lineage. Over time there has been an increasing appreciation of mtDNA and mitochondria in maintaining cellular and organismal health. Beyond energy production, mtDNA and mitochondria have critical cellular roles in signalling. Here we briefly review the structure of mtDNA and the role of the mitochondrion in energy production. We then discuss the predictions that can be obtained from quaternary structure modelling and focus on mitochondrial complex I. Complex I is the primary entry point for electrons into the electron transport system is the largest respiratory complex of the chain and produces about 40% of the proton flux used to synthesize ATP. A focus of the review is
MeSH term(s)	Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Drosophila/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Mutation
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial ; Electron Transport Complex IV (EC 1.9.3.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2881313-3
ISSN	2470-1408 ; 2470-1394
ISSN (online)	2470-1408
ISSN	2470-1394
DOI	10.1080/24701394.2020.1830076
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Metabolomics shows the Australian dingo has a unique plasma profile.

Yadav, Sonu / Pickford, Russell / Zammit, Robert A / Ballard, J William O

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 5245

Abstract: Dingoes occupy a wide range of the Australian mainland and play a crucial role as an apex predator with a generalist omnivorous feeding behaviour. Dingoes are ecologically, phenotypically and behaviourally distinct from modern breed dogs and have not ... ...

Abstract	Dingoes occupy a wide range of the Australian mainland and play a crucial role as an apex predator with a generalist omnivorous feeding behaviour. Dingoes are ecologically, phenotypically and behaviourally distinct from modern breed dogs and have not undergone artificial selection since their arrival in Australia. In contrast, humans have selected breed dogs for novel and desirable traits. First, we examine whether the distinct evolutionary histories of dingoes and domestic dogs has lead to differences in plasma metabolomes. We study metabolite composition differences between dingoes (n = 15) and two domestic dog breeds (Basenji n = 9 and German Shepherd Dog (GSD) n = 10). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, type II and type III ANOVA with post-hoc tests and adjustments for multiple comparisons were used for data evaluation. After accounting for within group variation, 62 significant metabolite differences were detected between dingoes and domestic dogs, with the majority of differences in protein (n = 14) and lipid metabolites (n = 12), mostly lower in dingoes. Most differences were observed between dingoes and domestic dogs and fewest between the domestic dog breeds. Next, we collect a second set of data to investigate variation between pure dingoes (n = 10) and dingo-dog hybrids (n = 10) as hybridisation is common in regional Australia. We detected no significant metabolite differences between dingoes and dingo-dog hybrids after Bonferroni correction. However, power analysis showed that increasing the sample size to 15 could result in differences in uridine 5'-diphosphogalactose (UDPgal) levels related to galactose metabolism. We suggest this may be linked to an increase in Amylase 2B copy number in hybrids. Our study illustrates that the dingo metabolome is significantly different from domestic dog breeds and hybridisation is likely to influence carbohydrate metabolism.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Domestic/genetics ; Animals, Domestic/metabolism ; Animals, Wild/genetics ; Animals, Wild/metabolism ; Australia ; Breeding ; Canidae/genetics ; Canidae/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Lipids ; Metabolomics ; Phylogeny ; Wolves/genetics ; Wolves/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-84411-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article: Editorial: Energy-producing organelles and the nucleus: a phenomenal genomic friendship.

Gospodaryov, Dmytro V / Ballard, J William O / Camus, M Florencia / DeSalle, Rob / Garvin, Michael R / Richter, Uwe

Frontiers in genetics

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1230032

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2606823-0
ISSN	1664-8021
ISSN	1664-8021
DOI	10.3389/fgene.2023.1230032
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article: The Australian dingo: untamed or feral?

Ballard, J William O / Wilson, Laura A B

Frontiers in zoology

2019 Volume 16, Page(s) 2

Abstract: Background: The Australian dingo continues to cause debate amongst Aboriginal people, pastoralists, scientists and the government in Australia. A lingering controversy is whether the dingo has been tamed and has now reverted to its ancestral wild state ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Australian dingo continues to cause debate amongst Aboriginal people, pastoralists, scientists and the government in Australia. A lingering controversy is whether the dingo has been tamed and has now reverted to its ancestral wild state or whether its ancestors were domesticated and it now resides on the continent as a feral dog. The goal of this article is to place the discussion onto a theoretical framework, highlight what is currently known about dingo origins and taxonomy and then make a series of experimentally testable organismal, cellular and biochemical predictions that we propose can focus future research. Discussion: We consider a canid that has been unconsciously selected as a Conclusions: Western Australian Government policy is currently being revised to allow the widespread killing of the Australian dingo. These policies are based on an incomplete understanding of the evolutionary history of the canid and assume the dingo is feralized. However, accumulated evidence does not definitively show that the dingo was ever domesticated and additional focused research is required. We suggest that incorporating ancient DNA data into the debate concerning dingo origins will be pivotal to understanding the evolutionary history of the canid. Further, we advocate that future morphological, behavioural and genetic studies should focus on including genetically pure Alpine and Desert dingoes and not dingo-dog hybrids. Finally, we propose that future studies critically examine genes under selection in the dingo and employ the genome from a wild canid for comparison.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2164409-3
ISSN	1742-9994
ISSN	1742-9994
DOI	10.1186/s12983-019-0300-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito