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Article: Long-term female bias in sex ratios across life stages of Harpy Eagle, a large raptor exhibiting reverse sexual size dimorphism.

Banhos, Aureo / Sanaiotti, Tânia Margarete / Coser, Renan / Gravena, Waleska / Aguiar-Silva, Francisca Helena / Kaizer, Mylena / Hrbek, Tomas / Farias, Izeni Pires

Royal Society open science

2023 Volume 10, Issue 11, Page(s) 231443

Abstract: The primary (PSR), secondary (SSR) and adult (ASR) sex ratios of sexually reproducing organisms influence their life histories. Species exhibiting reversed sexual size dimorphism (RSD) may imply a higher cost of female production or lower female survival, ...

Abstract	The primary (PSR), secondary (SSR) and adult (ASR) sex ratios of sexually reproducing organisms influence their life histories. Species exhibiting reversed sexual size dimorphism (RSD) may imply a higher cost of female production or lower female survival, thus generating biases in PSR, SSR and/or ASR towards males. The Harpy Eagle is the world's largest eagle exhibiting RSD. This species is found in the Neotropical region and is currently threatened with extinction. We used molecular markers to determine the sex of 309 Harpy Eagles spanning different life stages-eaglets, subadults and adults-from 1904 to 2021 within the Amazon Rainforest and Atlantic Forest. Sex ratios for all life stages revealed a female-biased deviation across all periods and regions. Our results suggest that the population bias towards females is an evolutionary ecological pattern of this species, and SSR and ASR likely emerged from the PSR. This natural bias towards females may be compensated by an earlier sexual maturation age of males, implying a longer reproductive lifespan and a higher proportion of sexually active males. A better understanding of the Harpy Eagle's life history can contribute to understanding sex-role evolution and enable more appropriate conservation strategies for the species.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2787755-3
ISSN	2054-5703
ISSN	2054-5703
DOI	10.1098/rsos.231443
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The prey of the Harpy Eagle in its last reproductive refuges in the Atlantic Forest.

Kaizer, Mylena / Fabres, Brener / Aguiar-Silva, Francisca Helena / Sanaiotti, Tânia Margarete / Dias, Alexandro Ribeiro / Banhos, Aureo

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 18308

Abstract: The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is threatened with extinction throughout its distribution in the neotropical forests. In the Atlantic Forest, deforestation has reduced the number of suitable habitats, with only a few remnant forest fragments hosting ... ...

Abstract	The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is threatened with extinction throughout its distribution in the neotropical forests. In the Atlantic Forest, deforestation has reduced the number of suitable habitats, with only a few remnant forest fragments hosting active nests; currently, the only known nests in this region are in the Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor (CAFEC), in Brazil. Little is known about Harpy Eagle diets in this region, despite this information being essential for developing effective conservation strategies. We classified the composition, frequency, richness, ecological attributes, and conservation status of the species that make up the Harpy Eagle's diet in its last refuges in the CAFEC. Between 2017 and 2021, we collected and analyzed 152 prey remains and 285 camera trap photographs from seven active nests. We identified at least 16 mammal species (96.7%), one parrot and other bird remains (3.3%). The Harpy Eagle's diet consisted mainly of medium-sized arboreal, folivorous, frugivorous, and diurnal mammals. Five prey species are currently threatened with extinction at global, six at national and seven at regional levels. The majority of the diet consists of Sapajus robustus, which is threatened, and Bradypus variegatus, which is not threatened. In addition to the effects of habitat loss and hunting, the Harpy Eagle may also suffer from the decline in the populations of their prey in the Atlantic Forest.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Eagles ; Forests ; Ecosystem ; Brazil ; Trees ; Mammals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-44014-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Ex situ population of the Harpy Eagle and its potential for integrated conservation

Oliveira, Marcos José de / Aguiar-Silva, Francisca Helena / Moraes, Wanderlei de / Sanaiotti, Tânia Margarete / Banhos, Aureo / Moreira, Nei

ZooKeys. 2022 Jan. 25, v. 1083

2022

Abstract: AbstractA main priority in conservation is the protection of species in their natural habitat. However, ex situ management of threatened species is a recognised strategy of conservation. Harpy Eagles (Harpia harpyja) are removed from the wild due to ... ...

Abstract	AbstractA main priority in conservation is the protection of species in their natural habitat. However, ex situ management of threatened species is a recognised strategy of conservation. Harpy Eagles (Harpia harpyja) are removed from the wild due to illegal capture, nest tree destruction, or other conflict sources. This study presents a review of the current ex situ Harpy Eagle populations in Brazil and worldwide, including information on the origin, sex, and year of entrance or year of birth under human care. Worldwide, until 2020 there were 205 Harpy Eagles in 77 different facilities in 16 countries, with 40 institutions in Brazil and 37 in other countries. The largest ex situ Harpy Eagle population is maintained in Brazil, with 139 individuals (75 females and 64 males) in 40 institutions. Of these institutions, there were 24 zoos, seven conservation breeding centres, six commercial breeders, two wildlife shelters, and one wildlife sorting centre. In Brazil, 62% (n = 86) of the individuals were hatched in the wild and 38% (n = 53) were bred in captivity under human care; for the wild individuals, only 73% (n = 64) have a known state of origin, with the majority from Pará state. This investigation provided relevant information to establish an ex situ demographic database. These individuals may potentially constitute a genetically and demographically viable safety population for future conservation strategies, as well as a source for research and education applied to Harpy Eagle integrated conservation.
Keywords	Harpia harpyja ; captive animals ; databases ; education ; habitats ; humans ; nests ; threatened species ; trees ; wildlife ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0125
Size	p. 109-128.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1083.69047
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Ex situ population of the Harpy Eagle and its potential for integrated conservation.

de Oliveira, Marcos José / Aguiar-Silva, Francisca Helena / de Moraes, Wanderlei / Sanaiotti, Tânia Margarete / Banhos, Aureo / Moreira, Nei

ZooKeys

2022 Volume 1083, Page(s) 109–128

Abstract: A main priority in conservation is the protection of species in their natural habitat. However, ex situ management of threatened species is a recognised strategy of conservation. Harpy Eagles ( ...

Abstract	A main priority in conservation is the protection of species in their natural habitat. However, ex situ management of threatened species is a recognised strategy of conservation. Harpy Eagles (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-25
Publishing country	Bulgaria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1083.69047
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Positive roadside edge effects on artificial nest survival in a lowland Atlantic Forest.

da Silva, Gleidson Ramos / Diniz, Pedro / Banhos, Aureo / Duca, Charles

Ecology and evolution

2019 Volume 9, Issue 13, Page(s) 7402–7409

Abstract: Road construction is considered to be one of the primary causes of forest fragmentation, and little is known about how roads affect bird reproductive success. The objective of this study was to assess the survival rate of artificial nests along an edge ... ...

Abstract	Road construction is considered to be one of the primary causes of forest fragmentation, and little is known about how roads affect bird reproductive success. The objective of this study was to assess the survival rate of artificial nests along an edge associated with a highway and in the interior of a tabuleiro forest. The study was performed at the Sooretama Biological Reserve, on the margins of federal highway BR-101, between September and October 2015. A total of 168 artificial nests with a Common quail (
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2635675-2
ISSN	2045-7758
ISSN	2045-7758
DOI	10.1002/ece3.5158
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Article: Habitat use by two sympatric species of short-tailed opossums (Didelphidae: Monodelphis) in an area in eastern Amazonia

Ardente, Natália C. / Ferreguetti, Átilla C. / Gettinger, Donald / Leal, Pricila / Martins-Hatano, Fernanda / Banhos, Aureo / Bergallo, Helena G.

Journal of mammalogy. 2021 May 26, v. 102, no. 5

2021

Abstract: Two short-tailed opossum species, Monodelphis glirina and M. touan, occur in sympatry in an area of eastern Amazonia. Habitat structure and resource availability may influence habitat use and, consequently, species distribution, detectability, occupancy, ...

Abstract	Two short-tailed opossum species, Monodelphis glirina and M. touan, occur in sympatry in an area of eastern Amazonia. Habitat structure and resource availability may influence habitat use and, consequently, species distribution, detectability, occupancy, and abundance. We evaluated occupancy and detectability of the species M. glirina and M. touan in the Carajás National Forest to answer the following questions: (1) Do both species occur in canga and forest habitats? (2) Do detectability and occupancy of M. touan and M. glirina differ in areas of canga and forest? (3) Does the presence of one species affect the detection of the other? We undertook surveys at 50 sampling sites (26 in canga and 24 in forest habitat). In addition, we developed co-occurrence models to test the relationships between occupancy and detection of M. touan in the presence or absence of M. glirina. We captured 693 individuals of M. glirina (587 in canga and 106 in forest) and 112 of M. touan (only one individual captured in canga). Occupancy by M. glirina was positively influenced by superficial rock cover and litter depth, while detectability was negatively influenced by canopy cover. Occupancy by M. touan was influenced positively by canopy cover, number of fallen trunks on the ground, and litter depth (Ψ = 0.315). Data from forest sites where M. touan and M. glirina occurred more often corroborated our third hypothesis, that detectability of M. touan is low when M. glirina is present. Our results highlight the existence of habitat preference by the two species of Monodelphis.
Keywords	Monodelphis ; canopy ; forest habitats ; forests ; geographical distribution ; habitat preferences ; mammalogy ; national forests ; sympatry ; Amazonia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0526
Size	p. 1279-1288.
Publishing place	American Society of Mammalogists
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	218314-6
ISSN	0022-2372
ISSN	0022-2372
DOI	10.1093/jmammal/gyab047
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Diversity and Abundance of Roadkilled Bats in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Damásio, Lucas / Ferreira, Laís Amorim / Pimenta, Vinícius Teixeira / Paneto, Greiciane Gaburro / dos Santos, Alexandre Rosa / Ditchfield, Albert David / Bergallo, Helena Godoy / Banhos, Aureo

Diversity. 2021 July 20, v. 13, no. 7

2021

Abstract: Faunal mortality from roadkill has a negative impact on global biodiversity, and bats are among the roadkilled animals. In South America, the Atlantic Forest covers southeastern Brazil, a region which sustains a large bat diversity. In this biome, the ... ...

Abstract	Faunal mortality from roadkill has a negative impact on global biodiversity, and bats are among the roadkilled animals. In South America, the Atlantic Forest covers southeastern Brazil, a region which sustains a large bat diversity. In this biome, the Sooretama reserves are crossed by the federal highway BR-101, one of the busiest in Brazil. We analyzed bats roadkilled along the 25 km stretch of highway that crosses the Sooretama reserves. Data were collected between the years 2010 and 2015. In total, 773 individuals distributed among 47 bat species were roadkilled during this period. The insectivorous feeding guild was the most affected, accounting for 25 species and 74% of the recorded roadkill, and those flying in the open area were the most frequently roadkilled (41.9%). Bat mortality rates did not differ between months of the year. However, the relation between rainy days and roadkill was negative. Monitoring by foot was more efficient than by car for detection of bat carcasses. Radars with a speed limit below 60 km/h reduced the rates of roadkill. The diversity of deceased bats found in this study represents 40% of the known species in the Atlantic Forest, and is the largest among current studies of species killed on highways globally. The present study raises concerns about the high diversity and abundance of roadkilled insectivorous bats and the conservation of these animals in the Neotropical region.
Keywords	Chiroptera ; Neotropics ; biodiversity ; ecosystems ; fauna ; forests ; insectivores ; mortality ; road kills ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0720
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518137-3
ISSN	1424-2818
ISSN	1424-2818
DOI	10.3390/d13070335
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Reduction of Genetic Diversity of the Harpy Eagle in Brazilian Tropical Forests.

Banhos, Aureo / Hrbek, Tomas / Sanaiotti, Tânia M / Farias, Izeni Pires

PloS one

2016 Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) e0148902

Abstract: Habitat loss and fragmentation intensify the effects of genetic drift and endogamy, reducing genetic variability of populations with serious consequences for wildlife conservation. The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a forest dwelling species that is ... ...

Abstract	Habitat loss and fragmentation intensify the effects of genetic drift and endogamy, reducing genetic variability of populations with serious consequences for wildlife conservation. The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a forest dwelling species that is considered near threatened and suffers from habitat loss in the forests of the Neotropical region. In this study, 72 historical and current samples were assessed using eight autosomal microsatellite markers to investigate the distribution of genetic diversity of the Harpy Eagle of the Amazonian and Atlantic forests in Brazil. The results showed that the genetic diversity of Harpy Eagle decreased in the regions where deforestation is intense in the southern Amazon and Atlantic Forest.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brazil ; Eagles/genetics ; Endangered Species ; Genetic Drift ; Genetic Variation ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Rainforest
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0148902
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Long-term Ecological Research: Chasing fashions or being prepared for fashion changes?

Bergallo, Helena G / Rosa, Clarissa / Ochoa, Ana C / Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto / Guimaraes, Aretha F / Banhos, Aureo / Castilho, Carolina V / Barros, Claudia F / Norris, Darren / Drucker, Debora P / Rodrigues, Domingos J / Baccaro, Fabricio B / Lourenço, Igor H / Zuanon, Jansen / Stegmann, Lis F / Anjos, Marcelo R / Silveira, Marcos / Araújo, Patricia S G / Bobrowiec, Paulo E D /

Fadini, Rodrigo / Neckel-Oliveira, Selvino / Emilio, Thaise / Santorelli Junior, Sergio / Magnusson, William E

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias

2023 Volume 95, Issue 3, Page(s) e20230051

Abstract: Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to ... ...

Abstract	Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to interactions with local people, and the difficulty of integrating the needs of local decision makers with "big science". These issues result in a lack of universally accepted guidelines as to how research should be done and integrated among LTER sites. Here we discuss how the RAPELD (standardized field infrastructure system), can help deal with these issues as a complementary technique in LTER studies, allowing comparisons across landscapes and ecosystems and reducing sampling costs. RAPELD uses local surveys to understand broad spatial and temporal patterns while enhancing decision-making and training of researchers, local indigenous groups and traditional communities. Sampling of ecological data can be carried out by different researchers through standardized protocols, resulting in spatial data that can be used to answer temporal questions, and allow new questions to be investigated. Results can also be integrated into existing biodiversity networks. Integrated systems are the most efficient way to save resources, maximize results, and accumulate information that can be used in the face of the unknown unknowns upon which our future depends.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ecosystem ; Biodiversity ; Longitudinal Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-20
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2046885-4
ISSN	1678-2690 ; 0001-3765
ISSN (online)	1678-2690
ISSN	0001-3765
DOI	10.1590/0001-3765202320230051
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Article: Highways are a threat for giant armadillos that underpasses can mitigate

Banhos, Aureo / Fontes, Bruno L / Yogui, Débora Regina / Alves, Mario Henrique / Ardente, Natália Carneiro / Valls, Renata / Barreto, Lucas Mendes / Damásio, Lucas / Ferreguetti, Átilla Colombo / Carvalho, Andréa Siqueira / Schettino, Vitor Roberto / Santos, Alexandre Rosa dos / Bergallo, Helena Godoy / Srbek‐Araujo, Ana Carolina / Medici, Emilia Patrícia / Canena, Ariel / Desbiez, Arnaud L.J

Biotropica. 2020 May, v. 52, no. 3

2020

Abstract: We report 24 records of giant armadillo roadkill on Brazilian highways in the Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon biomes illustrating that highways are a threat to this species. However, we also documented the species using underpasses, demonstrating that these ...

Abstract	We report 24 records of giant armadillo roadkill on Brazilian highways in the Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon biomes illustrating that highways are a threat to this species. However, we also documented the species using underpasses, demonstrating that these structures could help to reduce the risk of roadkill for giant armadillos. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material
Keywords	Priodontes maximus ; cerrado ; ecosystems ; highways ; risk reduction ; road kills ; Pantanal
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-05
Size	p. 421-426.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2052061-X
ISSN	1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
ISSN	0006-3606
DOI	10.1111/btp.12778
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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