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  1. Article ; Online: Correction to: Individual differences in dimensions of mind wandering: the mediating role of emotional valence and intentionality.

    Banks, Jonathan B / Welhaf, Matthew S

    Psychological research

    2022  Volume 87, Issue 1, Page(s) 353–355

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 1463034-5
    ISSN 1430-2772 ; 0340-0727
    ISSN (online) 1430-2772
    ISSN 0340-0727
    DOI 10.1007/s00426-022-01730-7
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  2. Article ; Online: Age-Related Differences in Mind Wandering: The Role of Emotional Valence.

    Welhaf, Matthew S / Banks, Jonathan B / Bugg, Julie M

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2023  Volume 79, Issue 1

    Abstract: Objectives: Older adults consistently report fewer experiences of mind wandering compared to younger adults. Aging is also associated with a shift in the emotional focus of our thoughts, with older adults tending to experience an increase in attention ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Older adults consistently report fewer experiences of mind wandering compared to younger adults. Aging is also associated with a shift in the emotional focus of our thoughts, with older adults tending to experience an increase in attention toward positive information, or a "positivity bias," relative to younger adults. Here, we tested if the positivity bias associated with aging can also predict age-related changes in the content of older adults' mind wandering.
    Method: Older adults and younger adults completed a go/no-go task with periodic thought probes to assess rates of emotionally valenced mind wandering.
    Results: Older adults reported significantly less negatively and neutrally valenced mind wandering compared to younger adults, but there was no age difference in reports of positively valenced mind wandering. Overall rates of mind wandering predicted poorer task performance for both age groups: Individuals who mind wandered more, performed worse, but this did not differ by the emotional valence. Both older adults and younger adults showed similar in-the-moment performance deficits, with mind wandering reports being associated with worse immediate no-go accuracy and faster reaction times, consistent with mindless responding.
    Discussion: Focusing on different dimensions of thought content, such as emotional valence, can provide new insight into age-related differences in mind wandering. Older adults' mind wandering reports were less negative and neutral compared to younger adults' reports suggesting a positivity bias for older adults. However, this positivity bias does not seem to affect task performance. We discuss the implications of the findings for mind wandering theories and the positivity bias.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Attention ; Aging/psychology ; Emotions ; Cognition ; Reaction Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbad151
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  3. Article ; Online: Using a weight of evidence approach to identify sources of microbiological contamination in a shellfish-growing area with "Restricted" classification.

    Campos, Carlos J A / Kelly, Laura T / Banks, Jonathan C

    Environmental monitoring and assessment

    2023  Volume 195, Issue 4, Page(s) 529

    Abstract: Shellfish-growing areas in rural catchments are occasionally affected by elevated faecal contamination from diffuse sources and may be subject to frequent harvest closures/classification downgrades. We combined traditional risk management methods based ... ...

    Abstract Shellfish-growing areas in rural catchments are occasionally affected by elevated faecal contamination from diffuse sources and may be subject to frequent harvest closures/classification downgrades. We combined traditional risk management methods based on sanitary surveys and monitoring of Escherichia coli in seawater and shellfish with faecal source tracking, bacterial source apportionment, and hydrometeorological modelling to determine the causes of elevated E. coli concentrations contributing to harvest closures in Papanui Inlet (Aotearoa New Zealand). These multiple lines of evidence were used to inform a weight of evidence assessment of bacterial contamination in the inlet. Ruminant livestock was estimated to contribute 80% of the faecal coliform loading. Concentrations of E. coli in seawater were low (≤ 87 MPN 100 ml
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Escherichia coli ; Environmental Monitoring ; Water Microbiology ; Shellfish/microbiology ; Bivalvia ; Bacteria ; Feces/microbiology ; Water Quality
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782621-7
    ISSN 1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
    ISSN (online) 1573-2959
    ISSN 0167-6369
    DOI 10.1007/s10661-023-11041-y
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  4. Article ; Online: Individual differences in dimensions of mind wandering: the mediating role of emotional valence and intentionality.

    Banks, Jonathan B / Welhaf, Matthew S

    Psychological research

    2021  Volume 86, Issue 5, Page(s) 1495–1517

    Abstract: Individual differences in executive control ability reliably show that those with greater executive control report fewer instances of mind wandering during moderately demanding tasks. However, these findings have been limited in that they often treated ... ...

    Abstract Individual differences in executive control ability reliably show that those with greater executive control report fewer instances of mind wandering during moderately demanding tasks. However, these findings have been limited in that they often treated mind wandering as a variable that collapsed across a variety of thought categories or dimensions. We suggest that two dimensions of mind wandering, intentionality and emotional valence, may be differential related to individual difference in executive control ability. The present study examined this using multiple measures of working memory capacity and attentional control while measuring emotional valence and intentionality of mind wandering during a single sustained attention task. Non-cognitive predictors of mind wandering were also measured. Overall, the results suggest that both working memory capacity and attention control are significant predictors of mind wandering propensity, replicating previous findings. However, the dimensions of emotional valence and intentionality suggested that this finding was not consistent across all types of thought reports. The current findings provide support for the view that it is critical to consider these two dimensions, among other important dimensions, of mind wandering to have a more complete understanding of individual differences in mind wandering.
    MeSH term(s) Attention ; Emotions ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Individuality ; Memory, Short-Term
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1463034-5
    ISSN 1430-2772 ; 0340-0727
    ISSN (online) 1430-2772
    ISSN 0340-0727
    DOI 10.1007/s00426-021-01579-2
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  5. Article ; Online: Understanding the patient's experience of coeliac disease diagnosis: a qualitative interview study.

    Harper, Alice M / Watson, Jessica / O'Donnell, Rachel / Elwenspoek, Martha Mc / Banks, Jonathan

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    2024  Volume 74, Issue 739, Page(s) e71–e77

    Abstract: Background: Coeliac disease (CD) presents with non-specific symptoms, and delays to diagnosis are common. The traditional diagnostic pathway involves serological testing followed by endoscopic biopsy; however, the evidence is increasing about the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Coeliac disease (CD) presents with non-specific symptoms, and delays to diagnosis are common. The traditional diagnostic pathway involves serological testing followed by endoscopic biopsy; however, the evidence is increasing about the effectiveness of a diagnosis without the need for a biopsy.
    Aim: To understand the patient's experience of being diagnosed with CD.
    Design and setting: A qualitative study was conducted, which involved semi-structured interviews with adults diagnosed with CD living in the UK.
    Method: Participants (
    Results: Interviewees faced pre-diagnostic uncertainty, presenting with non-specific symptoms that many experienced for several years and may have normalised. GPs often attributed their symptoms to alternative diagnoses, commonly, irritable bowel syndrome or anaemia. Investigations caused further uncertainty, with half of the interviewees unaware that their initial serology included a test for CD, and reporting long waits for endoscopy and challenges managing their diet around the procedure. Their uncertainty reduced once they received their biopsy results. Endoscopy was presented as the 'gold standard' for diagnosis and most interviewees believed that the procedure was necessary for diagnostic confidence and conviction in a lifelong gluten-free diet.
    Conclusion: Patients experience uncertainty on the pathway to a diagnosis of CD. GPs could improve their experiences by being mindful of the possibility of CD and sharing information about serological testing. Policy and guidance should address the time to endoscopy and diet during diagnosis. If diagnosis without biopsy is adopted, then consideration should be given to clinical pathway implementation and communication approaches to reduce patient uncertainty.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Celiac Disease/diagnosis ; Diet, Gluten-Free ; Biopsy/methods ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Qualitative Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    DOI 10.3399/BJGP.2023.0299
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  6. Article ; Online: Continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: a review for practitioners.

    Banks, Jonathan M

    Tree physiology

    2017  Volume 37, Issue 8, Page(s) 1128–1136

    Abstract: This review introduces, defines and critically reviews a number of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters with specific reference to those derived from continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorescence. A number of common issues and criticisms are addressed. ... ...

    Abstract This review introduces, defines and critically reviews a number of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters with specific reference to those derived from continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorescence. A number of common issues and criticisms are addressed. The parameters fluorescence origin (F0) and the performance indices (PI) are discussed as examples. This review attempts to unify definitions for the wide range of parameters available for measuring plant vitality, facilitating their calculation and use.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-01
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 743341-4
    ISSN 1758-4469 ; 0829-318X
    ISSN (online) 1758-4469
    ISSN 0829-318X
    DOI 10.1093/treephys/tpx059
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 4737: Show issues

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  7. Article ; Online: Stress and cognitive functioning during a pandemic: Thoughts from stress researchers.

    Boals, Adriel / Banks, Jonathan B

    Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy

    2020  Volume 12, Issue S1, Page(s) S255–S257

    Abstract: In this commentary we discuss a downstream consequence of increases in stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and anxiety can lead to mind wandering, which in turn competes for limited cognitive resources. We encourage researchers to be ... ...

    Abstract In this commentary we discuss a downstream consequence of increases in stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and anxiety can lead to mind wandering, which in turn competes for limited cognitive resources. We encourage researchers to be understanding and patient concerning the inevitable cognitive impact of the pandemic and subsequent reduced productivity levels from our students, colleagues, and ourselves. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Attention/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology ; Coronavirus Infections ; Efficiency ; Executive Function/physiology ; Humans ; Mindfulness ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Psychotherapy ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology ; Students ; Universities ; Young Adult
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2497028-1
    ISSN 1942-969X ; 1942-9681
    ISSN (online) 1942-969X
    ISSN 1942-9681
    DOI 10.1037/tra0000716
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  8. Article ; Online: The case for a meta-nosological investigation of pragmatic disease definition and classification.

    Livingstone-Banks, Jonathan

    Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

    2018  Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 1013–1018

    Abstract: Nosology is the science of defining and classifying diseases. Meta-nosology is the study of how we do this, on what principles nosological practices are based, the quality of the resulting medical taxonomy, and primarily whether/how diseases can be ... ...

    Abstract Nosology is the science of defining and classifying diseases. Meta-nosology is the study of how we do this, on what principles nosological practices are based, the quality of the resulting medical taxonomy, and primarily whether/how diseases can be defined better than they are now. In modern Western medicine, there are a wide variety of ways in which diseases are defined and categorized. Examples include by the symptoms they present with (syndromic), their underlying causes (etiological), the biological mechanisms involved (pathogenetic), available treatments, historical precedent, and through diagnostic exclusion. Here, I explore the hypothesis that how we define diseases has an impact on how (and how effectively) we research and treat them. I explore the philosophical implications of this thesis and suggest a direction that the underlying metaphysics of disease definition might follow. I conclude that further research is warranted into whether our current disease definitions could be improved upon.
    MeSH term(s) Classification/methods ; Disease/classification ; Humans ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1327355-3
    ISSN 1365-2753 ; 1356-1294
    ISSN (online) 1365-2753
    ISSN 1356-1294
    DOI 10.1111/jep.13012
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    Zs.A 4464: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Using a weight of evidence approach to identify sources of microbiological contamination in a shellfish-growing area with “Restricted” classification

    Campos, Carlos J. A. / Kelly, Laura T. / Banks, Jonathan C.

    Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Apr., v. 195, no. 4 p.529-529

    2023  

    Abstract: Shellfish-growing areas in rural catchments are occasionally affected by elevated faecal contamination from diffuse sources and may be subject to frequent harvest closures/classification downgrades. We combined traditional risk management methods based ... ...

    Abstract Shellfish-growing areas in rural catchments are occasionally affected by elevated faecal contamination from diffuse sources and may be subject to frequent harvest closures/classification downgrades. We combined traditional risk management methods based on sanitary surveys and monitoring of Escherichia coli in seawater and shellfish with faecal source tracking, bacterial source apportionment, and hydrometeorological modelling to determine the causes of elevated E. coli concentrations contributing to harvest closures in Papanui Inlet (Aotearoa New Zealand). These multiple lines of evidence were used to inform a weight of evidence assessment of bacterial contamination in the inlet. Ruminant livestock was estimated to contribute 80% of the faecal coliform loading. Concentrations of E. coli in seawater were low (≤ 87 MPN 100 ml⁻¹) whilst concentrations in tuaki/cockles/little neck clams (Austrovenus stutchburyi) occasionally exceeded the “Approved” classification limit (230 MPN 100 g⁻¹). The most frequent positive genetic markers in seawater were the seagull (Catellicoccus marimammalium) (54% of seawater samples), and in shellfish, the bovine and seagull markers (both 12.5% of shellfish samples). Solar radiation was negatively correlated with E. coli in tuaki. We found that the growing area is affected by faecal inputs from animal and, to a lesser extent, human (septic tank discharges) sources which elevate contamination to levels detectable in tuaki but not in seawater, particularly in the summer months. The innovative approach can enhance the management of shellfish-growing areas affected by intermittent contamination and enables more targeted action to reduce pollution to improve shellfish water quality.
    Keywords Escherichia coli ; Laridae ; bacterial contamination ; cattle ; coliform bacteria ; humans ; hydrometeorology ; neck ; pollution ; seawater ; septic systems ; shellfish ; solar radiation ; summer ; water quality ; weight-of-evidence ; New Zealand
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 529.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 782621-7
    ISSN 1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
    ISSN (online) 1573-2959
    ISSN 0167-6369
    DOI 10.1007/s10661-023-11041-y
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  10. Article ; Online: Navigating coeliac disease diagnosis in primary care.

    Harper, Alice M / Banks, Jonathan / Elwenspoek, Martha / Lane, Deborah / Mousley, Kimberley / Shiha, Mohamed G / Watson, Jessica

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    2024  Volume 74, Issue 739, Page(s) 52–53

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Celiac Disease/diagnosis ; Primary Health Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    DOI 10.3399/bjgp24X736137
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