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Article ; Online: The relationship between Empathy and listening styles is complex: implications for doctors in training.

Beheshti, Amir / Arashlow, Farzin Tahmasbi / Fata, Ladan / Barzkar, Farzaneh / Baradaran, Hamid R

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 267

Abstract: Background: Effective communication is the key to a successful relationship between doctors and their patients. Empathy facilitates effective communication, but physicians vary in their ability to empathize with patients. Listening styles are a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Effective communication is the key to a successful relationship between doctors and their patients. Empathy facilitates effective communication, but physicians vary in their ability to empathize with patients. Listening styles are a potential source of this difference. We aimed to assess empathy and listening styles among medical students and whether students with certain listening styles are more empathetic. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 97 medical students completed the Jefferson scale of Empathy (JSE) and the revised version of the Listening Styles Profile (LSP-R). The relationship between empathy and listening styles was assessed by comparing JSE scores across different listening styles using ANOVA in SPSS software. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Overall, the students showed a mean empathy score of 103 ± 14 on JSE. Empathy scores were lower among clinical students compared to preclinical students. Most of the medical students preferred the analytical listening style. The proportion of students who preferred the relational listening style was lower among clinical students compared to preclinical students. There was no significant relationship between any of the listening styles with empathy. Conclusion: Our results do not support an association between any particular listening style with medical students' empathic ability. We propose that students who have better empathetic skills might shift between listening styles flexibly rather than sticking to a specific listening style.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Empathy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Physicians ; Students, Medical
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2044473-4
ISSN	1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
ISSN (online)	1472-6920
ISSN	1472-6920
DOI	10.1186/s12909-024-05258-9
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Article ; Online: The influencing factors of elder-friendly public open spaces promoting older adults' health in deprived urban neighborhoods: Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling approach.

Lak, Azadeh / Khodakarim, Soheila / Myint, Phyo K / Baradaran, Hamid R

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1143289

Abstract: Background: Public open spaces (POSs) is considered a feature of the built environment that is important for physical, mental, and social health during life and contributes to active aging. Hence, policymakers, practitioners, and academics have recently ...

Abstract	Background: Public open spaces (POSs) is considered a feature of the built environment that is important for physical, mental, and social health during life and contributes to active aging. Hence, policymakers, practitioners, and academics have recently focused on indicators of elder-friendly environments, particularly in developing countries. Objective: This study aimed to examine the attributes of POSs and socio-demographic status that positively influence older people's health in Tehran's deprived neighborhoods using a pathway model. Methods: We employed a pathway model to explore the relationships between place function, place preferences, and process in the environment as the perceived (subjective) positive features of POSs associated with older adults' health, compared to the objective attributes of POSs. We also included personal characteristics, including physical, mental, and social dimensions, to explore how these factors are related to the health of older adults. To assess the subjective perception of POSs attributes, 420 older adults were asked to complete Elder-Friendly Urban Spaces Questionnaire (EFUSQ) from April 2018 to September 2018 in the 10th District of Tehran. We used the SF-12 questionnaire and "The self-Rated Social Health of Iranians Questionnaire to measure older people's physical and mental health and elder social health." Geographical Information System (GIS) measures (Street connectivity, Residential density, Land use mix, Housing quality) were derived as objective measures of neighborhood features. Results: According to our findings, the personal aspect, socio-demographic status (such as Gender, Marital status, Education, Occupation as well as Frequency of being present in POSs), place preferences (Security, Fear of Falling, Way Finding and Perceived Aesthetics), and process in the environment's latent (Social Environment, Cultural Environment, Place Attachment, and Life Satisfaction)constructs collectively influenced the elders' health. Conclusion: We found positive associations between Place preference, Process-in-environment, and personal health-related factors to elders' health (social, mental, and physical). The path model presented in the study could be guided in future research in this area and inform the development of evidence-based urban planning and design interventions for improve older adults health and social functioning and quality of life.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Quality of Life ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Accidental Falls ; Iran ; Latent Class Analysis ; Fear
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1143289
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Article ; Online: Ecological momentary interventions for smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eghdami, Shayan / Ahmadkhaniha, Hamid R / Baradaran, Hamid R / Hirbod-Mobarakeh, Armin

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology

2023 Volume 58, Issue 10, Page(s) 1431–1445

Abstract: Background and objectives: Tobacco use is an important cause of preventable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Only 7% of smokers successfully quit annually, despite numerous evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. An important reason for failure ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Tobacco use is an important cause of preventable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Only 7% of smokers successfully quit annually, despite numerous evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. An important reason for failure is barriers to accessing appropriate smoking cessation interventions, which can be minimized by technology-delivered interventions, such as ecological momentary interventions. Ecological momentary interventions provide the right type and intensity of treatment in real time, based on ecological momentary assessments of relevant variables. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of ecological momentary interventions in smoking cessation. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, psychINFO, and ProQuest without applying any filters on 19 September, 2022. One author screened search results for obvious irrelevant and duplicate studies. The remaining studies were independently reviewed by two authors to exclude irrelevant studies, and then they extracted data from the included studies. We collated study findings, transformed data into a common rubric, and calculated a weighted treatment effect across studies using Review Manager 5. Findings: We analyzed 10 studies with a total of 2391 participants. Assessment methods included exhaled CO analyzers, bidirectional SMS, data input in apps, and hand movement detection. Interventions were based on acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Smoking abstinence was significantly higher in participants of intervention groups compared to control groups (RR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.07-1.44, P = 0.004; I Conclusion: Ecological momentary intervention is a novel area of research in behavioral science. The results of this systematic review based on the available literature suggest that these interventions could be beneficial for smoking cessation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Smoking Cessation/methods ; Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ; Smoking ; Behavior Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	623071-4
ISSN	1433-9285 ; 0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
ISSN (online)	1433-9285
ISSN	0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
DOI	10.1007/s00127-023-02503-2
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Article ; Online: Attitude and Belief of Healthcare Professionals Towards Effective Obesity Care and Perception of Barriers; An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Khamseh, Mohammad E / Emami, Zahra / Iranpour, Aida / Mahmoodian, Reyhaneh / Amouei, Erfan / Tizmaghz, Adnan / Moradi, Yousef / Baradaran, Hamid R

Archives of Iranian medicine

2023 Volume 26, Issue 9, Page(s) 529–541

Abstract: Background: Obesity is a serious chronic disease that adversely affects health and quality of life. However, a significant percentage of people do not participate in or adhere to weight loss programs. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to ...

Abstract	Background: Obesity is a serious chronic disease that adversely affects health and quality of life. However, a significant percentage of people do not participate in or adhere to weight loss programs. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to identify critical barriers to effective obesity management and to examine health practitioners' attitudes and behaviors towards effective obesity treatment. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. Eligible studies were identified through a systematic review of the literature using Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases from January 1, 2011 to March 2, 2021. Results: A total of 57 articles were included. Data on 12663 physicians were extracted from a total of 35 quantitative articles. Some of the most commonly perceived attitude issues included "obesity has a huge impact on overall health", "obesity is a disease" and "HCPs are to blame". Health professionals were more inclined to believe in "using BMI to assess obesity," "advice to increase physical activity," and "diet/calorie reduction advice." The major obstacles to optimal treatment of obesity were "lack of motivation", "lack of time" and "lack of success". Conclusion: Although the majority of health care professionals consider obesity as a serious disease which has a large impact on overall health, counseling for lifestyle modification, pharmacologic or surgical intervention occur in almost half of the visits. Increasing the length of physician visits as well as tailoring appropriate training programs could improve health care for obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Quality of Life ; Obesity/therapy ; Health Personnel ; Delivery of Health Care ; Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2204979-4
ISSN	1735-3947 ; 1029-2977
ISSN (online)	1735-3947
ISSN	1029-2977
DOI	10.34172/aim.2023.78
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Article ; Online: Correction to: Comprehensive 5P framework for active aging using the ecological approach: an iterative systematic review.

Lak, Azadeh / Rashidghalam, Parichehr / Myint, Phyo K / Baradaran, Hamid R

BMC public health

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 101

Abstract: It was highlighted that the original article [1] contained a spelling mistake in the name of Hamid R. Baradaran. This was incorrectly captured as Bradaran. The original article has been updated. ...

Abstract	It was highlighted that the original article [1] contained a spelling mistake in the name of Hamid R. Baradaran. This was incorrectly captured as Bradaran. The original article has been updated.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-020-8227-6
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive 5P framework for active aging using the ecological approach: an iterative systematic review.

Lak, Azadeh / Rashidghalam, Parichehr / Myint, Phyo K / Baradaran, Hamid R

BMC public health

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 33

Abstract: Background: "Active aging" is an inclusive term and has been defined from a variety of aspects in different domains throughout the literature. The aim of this review was to identify those aspects that play significant roles in building this concept ... ...

Abstract	Background: "Active aging" is an inclusive term and has been defined from a variety of aspects in different domains throughout the literature. The aim of this review was to identify those aspects that play significant roles in building this concept using an ecological approach. Methods: In this study, seven online databases, including JSTOR, Pub-Med, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Scopus, were searched from 2002 to 2018 for both qualitative and quantitative articles published in English. Two reviewers independently found the related articles using the search terms "active aging" and "built environment" and included both "ageing" and "aging". Results: Of 1500 records which passed the screening stage, 92 were eligible for inclusion in the review. A total of 15 subthemes were derived: (1) personal characteristics, (2) behavioral attitude, (3) land use, (4) access, (5) physical form, (6) cityscape/city image, (7) public open spaces, (8) housing, (9) social environment, (10) cultural Environment, (11) economic environment, (12) good governance, (13) physical health, (14) mental health, and (15) social health. Ecological themes of active aging can be defined as the 5P model: person, processes, place, prime, and policymaking. Conclusions: The results of this study can shed light on different aspects of active aging. Also, the results emphasized the significance of the multidimensional nature of active aging, micro (person), meso (process), and macro systems (place and policymaking), based on health (prime) environments. Moreover, the results were based on the relationships between the person and the environment at the individual, interpersonal, and environmental levels, which can be used to conduct future studies and develop policies on aging populations.
MeSH term(s)	Aging ; Ecological and Environmental Phenomena ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-019-8136-8
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Article ; Online: An ecological approach to the development of an active aging measurement in urban areas (AAMU).

Lak, Azadeh / Rashidghalam, Parichehr / Amiri, S Nouroddin / Myint, Phyo K / Baradaran, Hamid R

BMC public health

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

Abstract: Background: An essential element in the process of "aging well" is the concept of Active Aging (AA). To propose an operational definition of Active Aging, the present study seeks to develop a new measurement tool through an ecological approach. The aim ... ...

Abstract	Background: An essential element in the process of "aging well" is the concept of Active Aging (AA). To propose an operational definition of Active Aging, the present study seeks to develop a new measurement tool through an ecological approach. The aim is to recognize significant indicators that play a role in assessing AA in urban areas. Methods: This study was conducted through a two-phase process of consensus-building: 1) identifying a set of indicators that were likely candidates for inclusion based on literature review, and 2) a two-round modified Delphi survey using an international panel of academic experts in environmental sciences and gerontology to achieve consensus on the importance of the extracted indicators and validate the items. The panelists were asked to complete a researcher-developed questionnaire with an 11-point Likert scale based on the indicators derived in phase 1. Finally, the Delphi survey's valid indicators and criteria were utilized to develop the measurement tool. Results: At the outset, a list of 111 indicators of AA was prepared through the desk study. A panel of 22 experts reviewed the extracted items and arrived at a consensus on 99 items in the first round and finalised in the second round. Thematic analysis of the panelists' open-ended responses revealed new concepts that would be explicitly considered by the consensus group. This developed measurement scale consists of five domains, i.e., individual, spatial, socio-economic, governance, and health-related, which contain 15 criteria and 99 indicators. Conclusions: The present researchers have developed the active aging measure for urban settlements (AAMU), which can be used both by policy-makers and as an informal self-reported statement among the elderly. AAM's results in the elderly's residential environmental communities can improve policy-making to address urban design to sustain an active, healthy life among older people in urban environments.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Consensus ; Delphi Technique ; Humans ; Research Design ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-020-10036-5
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Article: A Framework for Elder-Friendly Public Open Spaces from the Iranian Older Adults' perspectives: A Mixed-Method Study

Lak, Azadeh / Aghamolaei, Reihaneh / Baradaran, Hamid R / Myint, Phyo K

Elsevier GmbH Urban forestry & urban greening. 2020 Dec., v. 56

2020

Abstract: The elderly's needs and preferences for public open space seem different from who are not in elderly time; also, ageing requirements should be taken into consideration to improve older adults' active life. In this respect, creating active ageing requires ...

Abstract	The elderly's needs and preferences for public open space seem different from who are not in elderly time; also, ageing requirements should be taken into consideration to improve older adults' active life. In this respect, creating active ageing requires a new approach to engage older citizens in outdoor environments viewed as healthy and sustainable by the seniors. This study aims to identify the elders' preferences, especially their use of public open spaces (POSs) in Iranian urban neighbourhoods as well as identifying the association among the factors. The research was conducted in two steps; First, Grounded Theory (GT) by employing 64 semi-structured interviews in POS and then data analyzed to extract the main concepts. Second, a survey was conducted through a self-administered questionnaire based on extracted items, to which 420 elderly people responded. Partial least squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed for data analysis and developing the model. The results indicated that the process in environments (social environment, cultural environment and sense of belonging) - as the non-physical dimensions of POSs- significantly influence the demands of the elderly in outdoor environments. Among physical features of POSs, the place functions (access to amenities, urban landscape, and environmental cleanness), as well as place preferences (crime security, fear of falling security and the elders' image), are more likely to meet the elders' needs in urban spaces. These findings also revealed a significant causal relationship between the factors adopted from the developed model. The findings will highlight POSs both theoretical and practical implications for urban planners and designers as well as policy-makers.
Keywords	crime ; cultural environment ; elderly ; fearfulness ; interviews ; landscapes ; models ; open space ; people ; public lands ; questionnaires ; social environment ; surveys ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ISSN	1618-8667
DOI	10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126857
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Development and validation of elder-friendly urban spaces questionnaire (EFUSQ).

Lak, Azadeh / Aghamolaei, Reihaneh / Baradaran, Hamid R / Myint, Phyo K

BMC geriatrics

2019 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 336

Abstract: Background: Considering the lack of specific measurement tools to study elders' perceptions in outdoor spaces, the study objectives were to derive and validate a questionnaire that assesses the essential features of elderly-friendly urban spaces.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Considering the lack of specific measurement tools to study elders' perceptions in outdoor spaces, the study objectives were to derive and validate a questionnaire that assesses the essential features of elderly-friendly urban spaces. Methods: We used closed-ended questions in two phases. In the first qualitative phase, a preliminary questionnaire was defined using grounded theory. In the second phase, the psychometric properties of the elderly-friendly urban spaces were examined through validity and reliability indices. Results: The findings of the first phase led to a preliminary item extraction and questionnaire with 15 major domains based on three dimensions: place function, place preferences, and process. In the second phase, a 48-item questionnaire, based on three dimensions, in addition to personal characteristics, was introduced. Conclusions: The Elderly-Friendly Urban Spaces Questionnaire (EFUSQ) can be adopted in various communities in understanding of how to create age-friendly urban spaces to promote active aging.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Personal Satisfaction ; Psychometrics/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Social Environment ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	2059865-8
ISSN	1471-2318 ; 1471-2318
ISSN (online)	1471-2318
ISSN	1471-2318
DOI	10.1186/s12877-019-1355-0
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Article: A description of spatial-temporal patterns of the novel COVID-19 outbreak in the neighbourhoods' scale in Tehran, Iran.

Lak, Azadeh / Maher, Ali / Zali, Alireza / Badr, Siamak / Mostafavi, Ehsan / Baradaran, Hamid R / Hanani, Khatereh / Toomanian, Ara / Khalili, Davood

Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 Volume 35, Page(s) 128

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-04
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1095990-7
ISSN	1016-1430
ISSN	1016-1430
DOI	10.47176/mjiri.35.128
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