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Article: Integrated environmental assessment of freshwater sediments: a chemical and ecotoxicological approach at the Alqueva reservoir

Palma, P / Ledo, L / Soares, S / Barbosa, I. R / Alvarenga, P

Environmental geochemistry and health. 2014 Apr., v. 36, no. 2

2014

Abstract: In order to study the pollution of an aquatic ecosystem, it is necessary to analyze not only the levels of chemical pollutants in water, but also those accumulated in the sediment matrix, as well as to assess its ecotoxicological status. The Alqueva ... ...

Abstract	In order to study the pollution of an aquatic ecosystem, it is necessary to analyze not only the levels of chemical pollutants in water, but also those accumulated in the sediment matrix, as well as to assess its ecotoxicological status. The Alqueva reservoir, the largest artificial lake in Europe, was chosen as case study as it constitutes the most important water supply source in southern Portugal. It is located in the Guadiana River Basin, in a semi-arid region with high levels of water scarcity and where agriculture is one of the main activities. The evaluation of sediments comprised: (1) physical and chemical analysis (grain size, pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus); (2) potentially toxic trace elements (Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn and Ni); and (3) ecotoxicological evaluation with Vibrio fischeri, Thamnocephalus platyurus, Daphnia magna, and Heterocypris incongruens. Total trace element concentrations indicated that As, Cd, and Pb surpassed the Canadian levels for the protection of aquatic life, in most of Alqueva’s sites. The results of the toxicity assessment showed that some locations induced acute and chronic toxicity in the species used. Further, the H. incongruens was the most sensitive species as far as the contamination found in the sediment is concerned, followed by the bacteria V. fischeri. This integrative approach, together with the water column quality assessment, allowed a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental quality of this strongly modified water body and will allow the implementation of remediation strategies to obtain a good ecological potential as proposed in the Water Framework Directive.
Keywords	Daphnia magna ; Vibrio fischeri ; aquatic organisms ; arsenic ; cadmium ; case studies ; chemical analysis ; chromium ; chronic toxicity ; copper ; environmental assessment ; environmental quality ; lakes ; lead ; nickel ; nitrogen ; organic matter ; phosphorus ; pollutants ; remediation ; sediments ; semiarid zones ; water supply ; watersheds ; zinc
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-04
Size	p. 209-223.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	52039-1
ISSN	1573-2983 ; 0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
ISSN (online)	1573-2983
ISSN	0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
DOI	10.1007/s10653-013-9559-2
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Spatial and temporal variability of the water and sediments quality in the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana Basin; southern Portugal).

Palma, P / Ledo, L / Soares, S / Barbosa, I R / Alvarenga, P

The Science of the total environment

2014 Volume 470-471, Page(s) 780–790

Abstract: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the dynamic of the water quality from the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana River Basin, Portugal) and identify the most important parameters that influence its ecological and chemical status. The results could indicate ...

Abstract	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the dynamic of the water quality from the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana River Basin, Portugal) and identify the most important parameters that influence its ecological and chemical status. The results could indicate preventive and/or remediation actions that are necessary to improve its quality and status. Water and sediment samples were collected between 2011 and 2012, at five sampling stations, and analyzed for: (i) water - pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, chloride, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, total Fe, Mn, and As; and (ii) sediments - pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, major and trace elements. The results from the water column showed that the organic descriptors exceeded the Portuguese guideline values for water quality for multiple uses at most of the sampling stations. As for nutrients, Ajuda is the station where the concentrations of the total nitrogen and total phosphorus exceeded the guideline values in most months. Ammonium achieved concentrations above the allowed, during the study, in all locations. Trace elements were more abundant in the sediments, surpassing the maximum levels for the protection of aquatic life for As, Cd and Pb, at Alcarrache, Lucefécit and Álamos, respectively. The use of multivariate analysis showed that the major parameters that explained the water quality variability were the nutrients in the water column, and trace elements in the sediments. Comparing the results from this study with results obtained since 2006, we can observe an obvious increment of the organic descriptors and nutrients in the water body. Further, several parameters and observations indicate an increase of the eutrophication process. So, it is urgent to develop preventive actions and remediation processes to stop the degradation so as to improve the quality of the water in this reservoir.
MeSH term(s)	Environmental Monitoring ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Phosphorus/analysis ; Portugal ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Water Pollution, Chemical/statistics & numerical data
Chemical Substances	Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Phosphorus (27YLU75U4W) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.035
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Article ; Online: Supervivencia del cáncer de pulmón en pacientes tratados en un hospital de referencia en Zaragoza (España).

Barbosa, I R / Bernal Pérez, M M / Costa, Í C C / Jerez-Roig, J / Souza, D L B de

Semergen

2016 Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 380–387

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this work is to study the survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain).: Material and method: The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate observed survival. The automatic calculation of the ...

Title translation	Survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain).
Abstract	Objective: The aim of this work is to study the survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain). Material and method: The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate observed survival. The automatic calculation of the Catalan Institute of Oncology was used to analyse relative survival. Results: Mean survival time was 25.74 months. There was no difference when comparing age groups (P=.151), gender (P=.369), and histological type of tumour (P=.086). Survival by stage of the disease at diagnosis revealed statistically significant differences (P<.001). Relative survival 5 years after diagnosis for the group analysed was 14%. Survival was higher for men (15.5%), in patients under 60 (16.7%) and squamous tumours (18.7%). Conclusions: Survival by tumour stage was in line with the TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer. These results suggest that overall survival rate for lung cancer in Zaragoza remains very low in the long term, and this depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma/mortality ; Carcinoma/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms/mortality ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Sex Factors ; Spain/epidemiology ; Survival Rate ; Tertiary Care Centers
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2016-09
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1578-8865
ISSN (online)	1578-8865
DOI	10.1016/j.semerg.2015.07.002
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Article ; Online: Integrated environmental assessment of freshwater sediments: a chemical and ecotoxicological approach at the Alqueva reservoir.

Palma, P / Ledo, L / Soares, S / Barbosa, I R / Alvarenga, P

Environmental geochemistry and health

2013 Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 209–223

Abstract	In order to study the pollution of an aquatic ecosystem, it is necessary to analyze not only the levels of chemical pollutants in water, but also those accumulated in the sediment matrix, as well as to assess its ecotoxicological status. The Alqueva reservoir, the largest artificial lake in Europe, was chosen as case study as it constitutes the most important water supply source in southern Portugal. It is located in the Guadiana River Basin, in a semi-arid region with high levels of water scarcity and where agriculture is one of the main activities. The evaluation of sediments comprised: (1) physical and chemical analysis (grain size, pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus); (2) potentially toxic trace elements (Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn and Ni); and (3) ecotoxicological evaluation with Vibrio fischeri, Thamnocephalus platyurus, Daphnia magna, and Heterocypris incongruens. Total trace element concentrations indicated that As, Cd, and Pb surpassed the Canadian levels for the protection of aquatic life, in most of Alqueva's sites. The results of the toxicity assessment showed that some locations induced acute and chronic toxicity in the species used. Further, the H. incongruens was the most sensitive species as far as the contamination found in the sediment is concerned, followed by the bacteria V. fischeri. This integrative approach, together with the water column quality assessment, allowed a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental quality of this strongly modified water body and will allow the implementation of remediation strategies to obtain a good ecological potential as proposed in the Water Framework Directive.
MeSH term(s)	Aliivibrio fischeri/drug effects ; Animals ; Crustacea/drug effects ; Daphnia/drug effects ; Ecotoxicology/methods ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Fresh Water ; Geologic Sediments/analysis ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Metals/analysis ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Phosphorus/analysis ; Portugal ; Toxicity Tests, Chronic ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Chemical Substances	Metals ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Phosphorus (27YLU75U4W) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	52039-1
ISSN	1573-2983 ; 0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
ISSN (online)	1573-2983
ISSN	0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
DOI	10.1007/s10653-013-9559-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Risk assessment of pesticides detected in surface water of the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana basin, southern of Portugal).

Palma, P / Köck-Schulmeyer, M / Alvarenga, P / Ledo, L / Barbosa, I R / López de Alda, M / Barceló, D

The Science of the total environment

2014 Volume 488-489, Page(s) 208–219

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of the pesticides detected in the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana Basin, South Iberian Peninsula) on the aquatic organisms belonging to this ecosystem. For this purpose, the occurrence and risk ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of the pesticides detected in the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana Basin, South Iberian Peninsula) on the aquatic organisms belonging to this ecosystem. For this purpose, the occurrence and risk assessment of 25 pesticides and of a number of their degradation products were determined in the Alqueva surface waters. The areas (sampling stations) most polluted by pesticides were Sra. Ajuda, Lucefecit and Álamos in the northern and in the middle portions of the reservoir, respectively. The aquatic risk assessment revealed that from the various compounds analysed terbuthylazine, chlorfenvinphos and diazinon presented non-acceptable risk when maximum concentrations were used as the measured environmental concentrations (MEC). The locations that had more samples with risk quotients higher than 1 (high risk) were Sra. Ajuda followed by Lucefécit. The use of risk assessment allowed us to conclude that, despite that the pesticides' concentrations in the water column fulfil the European environmental quality standards, a number of the compounds show a high ecotoxicological risk for the aquatic organisms in the Alqueva ecosystem. The results thereby demonstrate that to have an efficient risk management process, the regulatory authorities of each country must consider an integrative chemical and ecotoxicological approach.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aquatic Organisms ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Pesticides/analysis ; Portugal ; Risk Assessment ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Chemical Substances	Pesticides ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-08-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.088
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Article ; Online: Endosulfan sulphate interferes with reproduction, embryonic development and sex differentiation in Daphnia magna.

Palma, P / Palma, V L / Fernandes, R M / Soares, A M V M / Barbosa, I R

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2009 Volume 72, Issue 2, Page(s) 344–350

Abstract: Endosulfan sulphate is the transformation product of endosulfan and it is the most frequent form of surface water contamination with endosulfan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects promoted by endosulfan sulphate in changes on the ... ...

Abstract	Endosulfan sulphate is the transformation product of endosulfan and it is the most frequent form of surface water contamination with endosulfan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects promoted by endosulfan sulphate in changes on the life cycle, embryo development and sex differentiation of Daphnia magna. The endpoints used were moulting frequency, fecundity, growth, developmentally abnormalities and sexual differentiation. The nominal concentrations of endosulfan sulphate tested ranged from 9.2 to 458.7 microg L(-1). Endosulfan sulphate promoted a significant decrease of the offspring number in all concentrations. Results showed a reduction of the size of females, together with a decrease in moulting frequency. Furthermore, an increase in embryo deformities was observed at all concentrations tested. Above a concentration of 91.7 microg L(-1) there was an increased production of males. The results suggest that endosulfan sulphate interferes with the life cycle and sex determination of the crustacean D. magna.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Daphnia/drug effects ; Daphnia/embryology ; Daphnia/growth & development ; Daphnia/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Embryonic Development/drug effects ; Embryonic Development/physiology ; Endosulfan/toxicity ; Female ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Male ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Reproduction/physiology ; Sex Differentiation/drug effects ; Sex Differentiation/physiology ; Sex Ratio ; Toxicity Tests, Chronic ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Insecticides ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Endosulfan (OKA6A6ZD4K)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.04.018
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Article: Acute toxicity of atrazine, endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos to Vibrio fischeri, Thamnocephalus platyurus and Daphnia magna, relative to their concentrations in surface waters from the Alentejo region of Portugal.

Palma, P / Palma, V L / Fernandes, R M / Soares, A M V M / Barbosa, I R

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology

2008 Volume 81, Issue 5, Page(s) 485–489

Abstract: Ecotoxicological effects of the herbicide atrazine and the insecticides endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos were evaluated using a test battery comprising aquatic organisms from different trophic levels. According to the categories established in the EU ...

Abstract	Ecotoxicological effects of the herbicide atrazine and the insecticides endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos were evaluated using a test battery comprising aquatic organisms from different trophic levels. According to the categories established in the EU legislation, atrazine can be considered non-harmful for the species tested, while the insecticides can be considered very toxic for the crustaceans. The results of acute toxicity tests showed that the sensitivity of organisms were as follows: Thamnocephalus platyurus > Daphnia magna > Vibrio fischeri. Chlorpyrifos may act as a toxic compound in the aquatic environment of Guadiana River, as it may be detected in water at levels that promote toxic effects.
MeSH term(s)	Aliivibrio fischeri/drug effects ; Animals ; Anostraca/physiology ; Atrazine/toxicity ; Chlorpyrifos/toxicity ; Daphnia/physiology ; Endosulfan/toxicity ; Herbicides/toxicity ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Portugal ; Potassium Dichromate/toxicity ; Seawater/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Herbicides ; Insecticides ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Chlorpyrifos (JCS58I644W) ; Endosulfan (OKA6A6ZD4K) ; Atrazine (QJA9M5H4IM) ; Potassium Dichromate (T4423S18FM)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	6895-0
ISSN	1432-0800 ; 0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
ISSN	0007-4861
DOI	10.1007/s00128-008-9517-3
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Article: Acute Toxicity of Atrazine, Endosulfan Sulphate and Chlorpyrifos to Vibrio fischeri, Thamnocephalus platyurus and Daphnia magna, Relative to Their Concentrations in Surface Waters from the Alentejo Region of Portugal

Palma, P / Palma, V. L / Fernandes, R. M / Soares, A. M. V. M / Barbosa, I. R

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 2008 Nov., v. 81, no. 5

2008

Abstract	Ecotoxicological effects of the herbicide atrazine and the insecticides endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos were evaluated using a test battery comprising aquatic organisms from different trophic levels. According to the categories established in the EU legislation, atrazine can be considered non-harmful for the species tested, while the insecticides can be considered very toxic for the crustaceans. The results of acute toxicity tests showed that the sensitivity of organisms were as follows: Thamnocephalus platyurus > Daphnia magna > Vibrio fischeri. Chlorpyrifos may act as a toxic compound in the aquatic environment of Guadiana River, as it may be detected in water at levels that promote toxic effects.
Keywords	Daphnia magna ; European Union ; Vibrio fischeri ; acute toxicity ; aquatic environment ; aquatic organisms ; atrazine ; chlorpyrifos ; endosulfan ; rivers ; toxicity testing ; trophic relationships ; Portugal
Language	English
Dates of publication	2008-11
Size	p. 485-489.
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publishing place	New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	6895-0
ISSN	1432-0800 ; 0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
ISSN	0007-4861
DOI	10.1007/s00128-008-9517-3
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Embryo-toxic effects of environmental concentrations of chlorpyrifos on the crustacean Daphnia magna.

Palma, P / Palma, V L / Fernandes, R M / Bohn, A / Soares, A M V M / Barbosa, I R

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2009 Volume 72, Issue 6, Page(s) 1714–1718

Abstract: Chlorpyrifos is a non-systemic organophosphorus insecticide leading to the inhibition of the enzyme cholinesterase. Nowadays, this insecticide is widely used on a variety of crops and is frequently detected in surface waters around the world. The main ... ...

Abstract	Chlorpyrifos is a non-systemic organophosphorus insecticide leading to the inhibition of the enzyme cholinesterase. Nowadays, this insecticide is widely used on a variety of crops and is frequently detected in surface waters around the world. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of this insecticide on the embryonic development of Daphnia magna, and to assess the sensitivity of this endpoint in comparison with the endpoint of the chronic 21-day test. The featured endpoints were the number of offspring per female and abnormalities of both offspring and embryos. Chlorpyrifos exhibited significant toxic effects on the embryonic development manifested in the appearance of abnormalities, including arrested eggs, in 20% of the embryos exposed to a concentration of 0.01 microgL(-1). Furthermore, chronic exposition to the insecticide yielded a proportion of offspring abnormalities in later stages of development of about 43% at 0.01 microgL(-1). In contrast, a significant reduction in the number of offspring produced per female was only observed above a concentration of 0.03 microgL(-1). Hence, these results suggest that developmental abnormality was a more sensitive endpoint than the number of offspring production per female.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chlorpyrifos/toxicity ; Daphnia/drug effects ; Daphnia/embryology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/abnormalities ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects ; Embryonic Development/drug effects ; Female ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Maternal Exposure ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Insecticides ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Chlorpyrifos (JCS58I644W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.04.026
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Article ; Online: Assessment of the pesticides atrazine, endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos for juvenoid-related endocrine activity using Daphnia magna.

Palma, P / Palma, V L / Matos, C / Fernandes, R M / Bohn, A / Soares, A M V M / Barbosa, I R

Chemosphere

2009 Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) 335–340

Abstract: The water flea Daphnia magna belongs to the cyclical parthenogenic species, which can reproduce by either parthenogenesis or sexual reproduction. Recent studies have reported the involvement of the methylfarnesoate hormone, in male sex determination of D. ...

Abstract	The water flea Daphnia magna belongs to the cyclical parthenogenic species, which can reproduce by either parthenogenesis or sexual reproduction. Recent studies have reported the involvement of the methylfarnesoate hormone, in male sex determination of D. magna. The aim of this study was to evaluate the juvenoid and anti-juvenoid activity of atrazine, endosulfan sulphate, and chlorpyrifos. To assess the juvenoid activity we exposed maternal daphnids to several concentrations of the respective pesticides, using the percentage of male production as endpoint. Fenoxycarb (1microgL(-1)) was used as a positive control. The anti-juvenoid activity was assessed using a similar bioassay after the addition of fenoxycarb (1microgL(-1)) to all test solutions. Fenoxycarb is an insect growth regulator that mimics the action of methylfarnesoate, and promoted the production of 95% of male offspring at the given concentration. Weak juvenoid-agonist activity was detected for endosulfan sulphate, with a significant increase of the percentage of male daphnids detected through logistic regression. In addition, atrazine and endosulfan sulphate antagonized the juvenoid activity of fenoxycarb. These results also corroborate the hypothesis that weak juvenoid agonists can simultaneously act as juvenoid antagonists as it has been observed in other hormonal systems.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Atrazine/pharmacology ; Chlorpyrifos/pharmacology ; Daphnia/drug effects ; Daphnia/embryology ; Daphnia/growth & development ; Endocrine Disruptors/pharmacology ; Endosulfan/analogs & derivatives ; Endosulfan/pharmacology ; Female ; Juvenile Hormones/antagonists & inhibitors ; Juvenile Hormones/metabolism ; Male ; Pesticides/pharmacology ; Phenylcarbamates/pharmacology ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Sex Determination Processes ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Endocrine Disruptors ; Juvenile Hormones ; Pesticides ; Phenylcarbamates ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Chlorpyrifos (JCS58I644W) ; fenoxycarb (JEN0LSV1G9) ; Endosulfan (OKA6A6ZD4K) ; Atrazine (QJA9M5H4IM)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.059
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