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  1. Article ; Online: Estimating a cost-effectiveness threshold for health care decision-making in South Africa-a Commentary.

    Barr, Gdi

    Health policy and planning

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 8, Page(s) 1066–1069

    MeSH term(s) Anti-HIV Agents ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; South Africa
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632896-9
    ISSN 1460-2237 ; 0268-1080
    ISSN (online) 1460-2237
    ISSN 0268-1080
    DOI 10.1093/heapol/czac026
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    Zs.B 2946: Show issues Location:
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  2. Book ; Online: Particle Physics in the LHC era

    Barr, Giles / Devenish, R. / Walczak, R. / Weidberg, T.

    (Oxford Master Series In Physics)

    2016  

    Series title Oxford Master Series In Physics
    Keywords Particle & high-energy physics ; Nuclear physics ; Astrophysics ; Cosmology & the universe ; Atomic & molecular physics ; Particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, cosmology, accelerator physics, detector physics, quarks and leptons, Dirac equation, electroweak theory, quantum chromodynamics, flavour oscillations, CP violation, Higgs boson, Beyond the Standard Model physics
    Language 0|e
    Size 1 electronic resource (422 pages)
    Publisher Oxford University Press
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021621224
    ISBN 9780198748557 ; 0198748558
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article: Case of Tetanus, Arising from a Contusion on the Belly a Fortnight after Receiving the Injury.

    Barr, George

    Edinburgh medical and surgical journal

    2018  Volume 18, Issue 71, Page(s) 191–195

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-20
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2793596-6
    ISSN 0963-4932
    ISSN 0963-4932
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  4. Article ; Online: The cost of harmful alcohol use in South Africa: A commentary.

    Murray, M / Barr, G D I

    South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde

    2022  Volume 112, Issue 3, Page(s) 187–188

    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcoholism/epidemiology ; Humans ; South Africa/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 390968-2
    ISSN 2078-5135 ; 0038-2469 ; 0256-9574
    ISSN (online) 2078-5135
    ISSN 0038-2469 ; 0256-9574
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  5. Article ; Online: A simple model to show the relative risk of viral aerosol infection and the benefit of wearing masks in different settings with implications for Covid-19 .

    Barr, G. D.

    Abstract: Background . Widespread use of masks in the general population is being used in many countries for Covid-19 . There has been reluctance on the part of the WHO and some governments to recommend this . Methodology . A basic model has been constructed to ... ...

    Abstract Background . Widespread use of masks in the general population is being used in many countries for Covid-19 . There has been reluctance on the part of the WHO and some governments to recommend this . Methodology . A basic model has been constructed to show the relative risk of aerosol from normal breathing in various situations together with the benefit from use of masks which is multiplicative . Results . Social distancing at 2 metres is validated but in confined areas is time limited and the use of masks in the absence of extremely good ventilation is important. Where social distancing is not possible at all times or an infectious person is in a confined area for a prolonged period there is a higher risk of infection requiring protection . Conclusions . The use of masks should be factored into models and used at an early stage as widespread use of more efficient masks could have a large impact on control and spread of infection . Public health planning requires stockpiling masks and encouraging everyone to have suitable masks in their household when supplies are normalised . The use of a cloth mask will be better than no protection at all .
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher MedRxiv; WHO
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.28.20082990
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Raynals, an online tool for the analysis of dynamic light scattering.

    Burastero, Osvaldo / Draper-Barr, George / Raynal, Bertrand / Chevreuil, Maelenn / England, Patrick / Garcia Alai, Maria

    Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology

    2023  Volume 79, Issue Pt 8, Page(s) 673–683

    Abstract: Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is routinely employed to assess the homogeneity and size-distribution profile of samples containing microscopic particles in suspension or solubilized polymers. In this work, Raynals, user-friendly software for the analysis ...

    Abstract Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is routinely employed to assess the homogeneity and size-distribution profile of samples containing microscopic particles in suspension or solubilized polymers. In this work, Raynals, user-friendly software for the analysis of single-angle DLS data that uses the Tikhonov-Phillips regularization, is introduced. Its performance is evaluated on simulated and experimental data generated by different DLS instruments for several proteins and gold nanoparticles. DLS data can easily be misinterpreted and the simulation tools available in Raynals allow the limitations of the measurement and its resolution to be understood. It was designed as a tool to address the quality control of biological samples during sample preparation and optimization and it helps in the detection of aggregates, showing the influence of large particles. Lastly, Raynals provides flexibility in the way that the data are presented, allows the export of publication-quality figures, is free for academic use and can be accessed online on the eSPC data-analysis platform at https://spc.embl-hamburg.de/.
    MeSH term(s) Dynamic Light Scattering ; Gold ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Proteins ; Software ; Light ; Scattering, Radiation
    Chemical Substances Gold (7440-57-5) ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2968623-4
    ISSN 2059-7983 ; 0907-4449
    ISSN (online) 2059-7983
    ISSN 0907-4449
    DOI 10.1107/S2059798323004862
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  7. Article ; Online: Monitoring of prenatal patients using a combined antibody titre for Rh and non-Rh antibodies.

    Farrell, Michael / Clarke, Gwen / Barr, Gerri / Hannon, Judith

    Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England)

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 210–214

    Abstract: Objectives: This was a laboratory exercise designed to determine whether combined antibody titrations in the presence of multiple antibodies achieve a critical level earlier or at the same time as antibodies having individual antibody titrations.: ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This was a laboratory exercise designed to determine whether combined antibody titrations in the presence of multiple antibodies achieve a critical level earlier or at the same time as antibodies having individual antibody titrations.
    Background: Management of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn involves monitoring maternal antibody concentration by antibody titration. Separate titrations are generally performed for each antibody.
    Method: Thirty-one samples containing combinations of two different Rh and/or non-Rh antibodies were examined with separate titres for each antibody and one single combined titration.
    Results: Of 31 samples, 19 (61.3%) showed an increased combined titre. Of 12 samples that showed no increase, 10 contained a separate titre of <1 for either one or both antibodies. Where both antibodies had a separate titre of ≥1, 15 of 17 (88.2%) showed an increased combined titre. In contrast to the separate titration method, no decrease in titre level was observed using the combined method.
    Conclusion: Where two antibodies are present, titrations performed by a combined method will produce titre levels equal to or higher than antibodies titred individually. Therefore, a combined titration can be expected to reach a critical titre level as early as, or earlier in gestation than, antibodies monitored by a single titration method. Further studies relating fetal outcomes to titration methodology would be valuable in determining the validity of this approach for prenatal management. Cost-effectiveness of this approach to prenatal screening should also be assessed.
    MeSH term(s) Erythroblastosis, Fetal/blood ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Isoantibodies/blood ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/blood
    Chemical Substances Isoantibodies ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1067989-3
    ISSN 1365-3148 ; 0958-7578
    ISSN (online) 1365-3148
    ISSN 0958-7578
    DOI 10.1111/tme.12661
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    Zs.A 3177: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Assessment of predictive ability of Epworth scoring in screening of patients with sleep apnoea.

    Sil, A / Barr, G

    The Journal of laryngology and otology

    2012  Volume 126, Issue 4, Page(s) 372–379

    Abstract: Method: Numerous studies have considered the benefits, and the disadvantages, of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Following an extensive literature review, we found that the evidence was inconclusive as regards the diagnostic efficacy of Epworth scoring ... ...

    Abstract Method: Numerous studies have considered the benefits, and the disadvantages, of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Following an extensive literature review, we found that the evidence was inconclusive as regards the diagnostic efficacy of Epworth scoring for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. We undertook a retrospective study of 343 patients who underwent a sleep assessment over a 10-year period at the Monklands Hospital.
    Analysis and results: A total of 238 patients did not have sleep apnoea whereas 105 patients did. The mean Epworth score in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome was 10.94 (95 per cent confidence interval 9.46-11.42), and in the non-apnoeic group it was 7.73 (95 per cent confidence interval 7.04-8.41). Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the predictive ability of Epworth scoring. The scores only explained 7-10 per cent of the variation in the probability of occurrence of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. The odds ratio for Epworth scoring was 1.118, and only 69 per cent of cases were correctly classified by the Scale.
    Conclusions: The literature review suggested that the Epworth Sleepiness Scale is associated with a low effect size and/or low predictive value when correlated or regressed on the Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index or Respiratory Disturbance Index, thus limiting its value as a screening test. Our study concluded that the Epworth Scale is only marginally useful in predicting the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. We believe that every patient with a direct or witnessed history of sleep apnoea with obstructive symptoms have some form of sleep assessment.
    MeSH term(s) Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/diagnosis ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Oximetry ; Polysomnography ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology ; Snoring ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 218299-3
    ISSN 1748-5460 ; 0022-2151
    ISSN (online) 1748-5460
    ISSN 0022-2151
    DOI 10.1017/S0022215111003082
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  9. Article: My NP "job" at the gas station.

    Barr, G

    Advance for nurse practitioners

    2000  Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) 93

    MeSH term(s) Employment ; Health Education ; Humans ; Nurse Practitioners/supply & distribution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2060492-0
    ISSN 1096-6293
    ISSN 1096-6293
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    Zs.A 5554: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Unpredictable neonatal stress enhances adult anxiety and alters amygdala gene expression related to serotonin and GABA.

    Sarro, E C / Sullivan, R M / Barr, G

    Neuroscience

    2013  Volume 258, Page(s) 147–161

    Abstract: Anxiety-related disorders are among the most common psychiatric illnesses, thought to have both genetic and environmental causes. Early-life trauma, such as abuse from a caregiver, can be predictable or unpredictable, each resulting in increased ... ...

    Abstract Anxiety-related disorders are among the most common psychiatric illnesses, thought to have both genetic and environmental causes. Early-life trauma, such as abuse from a caregiver, can be predictable or unpredictable, each resulting in increased prevalence and severity of a unique set of disorders. In this study, we examined the influence of early unpredictable trauma on both the behavioral expression of adult anxiety and gene expression within the amygdala. Neonatal rats were exposed to unpaired odor-shock conditioning for 5 days, which produces deficits in adult behavior and amygdala dysfunction. In adulthood, we used the Light/Dark box test to measure anxiety-related behaviors, measuring the latency to enter the lit area and quantified urination and defecation. The amygdala was then dissected and a microarray analysis was performed to examine changes in gene expression. Animals that had received early unpredictable trauma displayed significantly longer latencies to enter the lit area and more defecation and urination. The microarray analysis revealed over-represented genes related to learning and memory, synaptic transmission and trans-membrane transport. Gene ontology and pathway analysis identified highly represented disease states related to anxiety phenotypes, including social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder. Addiction-related genes were also overrepresented in this analysis. Unpredictable shock during early development increased anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood with concomitant changes in genes related to neurotransmission, resulting in gene expression patterns similar to anxiety-related psychiatric disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Amygdala/growth & development ; Amygdala/metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders/metabolism ; Conditioning, Classical ; Electroshock ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Ontology ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Odorants ; Olfactory Perception ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; Uncertainty ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.064
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