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Article: High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC

Barron, John A / David Bukry / Ingrid L. Hendy

Quaternary International. 2015 Nov. 11, v. 387

2015

Abstract: Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages documented in a high-resolution time series spanning 800 to 1600 (AD) in varved sediment recovered in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC (34Â°16.845â² N, 120Â°02.332â² W, water depth 588Â m) from the Santa Barbara Basin ( ... ...

Abstract	Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages documented in a high-resolution time series spanning 800 to 1600 (AD) in varved sediment recovered in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC (34Â°16.845â² N, 120Â°02.332â² W, water depth 588Â m) from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) reveal that SBB surface water conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the early part of the Little Ice Age (LIA) were not extreme by modern standards, mostly falling within one standard deviation of mean conditions during the pre anthropogenic interval of 1748â1900. No clear differences between the character of MCA and the early LIA conditions are apparent. During intervals of extreme droughts identified by terrigenous proxy scanning XRF analyses, diatom and silicoflagellate proxies for coastal upwelling typically exceed one standard deviation above mean values for 1748â1900, supporting the hypothesis that droughts in southern California are associated with cooler (or La NiÃ±a-like) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Increased percentages of diatoms transported downslope generally coincide with intervals of increased siliciclastic flux to the SBB identified by scanning XRF analyses. Diatom assemblages suggest only two intervals of the MCA (at â¼897 to 922 and â¼1151â1167) when proxy SSTs exceeded one standard deviation above mean values for 1748 to 1900. Conversely, silicoflagellates imply extreme warm water events only at â¼830 to 860 (early MCA) and â¼1360 to 1370 (early LIA) that are not supported by the diatom data. Silicoflagellates appear to be more suitable for characterizing average climate during the 5 to 11 year-long sample intervals studied in the SPR0901-02KC core than diatoms, probably because diatom relative abundances may be dominated by seasonal blooms of a particular year.
Keywords	Bacillariophyceae ; basins ; climate ; drought ; paleoclimatology ; sediments ; statistical analysis ; surface water ; time series analysis ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-1111
Size	p. 13-22.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	1040-6182
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Paleoceanographic, and paleoclimatic constraints on the global Eocene diatom and silicoflagellate record

Barron, John A / Catherine E. Stickley / David Bukry

Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology. 2015 Mar. 15, v. 422

2015

Abstract: Eocene diatom and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy are summarized and correlated with the most recent geologic time scale as well as with the global oxygen isotope and eustatic sea level curves. The global distribution of Eocene diatom/silicoflagellate- ... ...

Abstract	Eocene diatom and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy are summarized and correlated with the most recent geologic time scale as well as with the global oxygen isotope and eustatic sea level curves. The global distribution of Eocene diatom/silicoflagellate-bearing sediments varies considerably, reflecting changing oceanic gateways and paleoceanography with changing patterns that are punctuated by four major depositional events.Event 1 (~49 million years ago, Ma), at the end of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO), saw the cessation of diatom/silicoflagellate deposition in epicontinental regions of the North Sea region and in the northern Russia and the onset of biosilica deposition in the Arctic. Event 2 (~46Ma), which coincided with intensification of the Middle Eocene cooling trend, marked the widespread expansion of diatom/silicoflagellate deposition in both the North and South Atlantic. A shift of diatom/silicoflagellate deposition from the Atlantic to the Pacific began at Event 3, at the end of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) (~40Ma), that was likely tied to the initial opening of the Drake Passage between Antarctica and South America. Event 4 (~39Ma) coincided with a major sea level fall and a widespread deep-sea hiatus in the latest Middle Eocene. Late Eocene diatom/silicoflagellate deposition became more concentrated in middle-to-high latitude regions and coastal upwelling regions, particularly in the Pacific Ocean.Tabulation of the first and last occurrences of 132 biostratigraphically-important diatoms suggests increased species turnover during the latest Paleocene to earliest Eocene that may be in part due to a monographic effect. An increasing rate of evolution of new diatom species between ~46 and 43Ma and after ~40Ma coincides respectively with the widespread expansion of diatom deposition in the Atlantic and with an increased pole-to-equator thermal gradient that witnessed the expansion of diatoms in high latitude oceans and coastal upwelling settings.
Keywords	Bacillariophyceae ; cooling ; geographical distribution ; isotopes ; latitude ; oceans ; oxygen ; sea level ; sediments ; Antarctica ; Arctic region ; North Sea ; Russia ; South America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-0315
Size	p. 85-100.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	417718-6
ISSN	0031-0182
ISSN	0031-0182
DOI	10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.01.015
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: An 11,300 yr record of paleoclimatology and paleoceanography of the central California coast in a gravity core from Pioneer Seamount

Barron, John A / Addison, Jason A / Bukry, David / Heusser, Linda E / Schwartz, Valerie / Wagner, Amy

Quaternary international. 2019 Dec. 21,

2019

Abstract: Diatom, pollen, silicoflagellate, and biogenic opal analyses from a 155 cm-long gravity core from Pioneer Seamount, offshore Santa Cruz, California (PS1410-06 GC, latitude 37.3°N, longitude 123.4°W, water depth 2165 m) are compiled for the last ~11,300 ... ...

Abstract	Diatom, pollen, silicoflagellate, and biogenic opal analyses from a 155 cm-long gravity core from Pioneer Seamount, offshore Santa Cruz, California (PS1410-06 GC, latitude 37.3°N, longitude 123.4°W, water depth 2165 m) are compiled for the last ~11,300 years and compared with those of ODP 1019 and TN062-O550 from northern California. The relative abundance record of the subtropical diatom Fragilariopsis doliolus has similar bimodal Holocene patterns in all three cores, suggesting that sea surface temperatures (SST) were lower during the middle part of the Holocene than they were during the later and earlier parts. The relative abundance of coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) pollen, a proxy for fog and coastal upwelling, displays stepwise increases in ODP 1019 and TN062-O550 between ~ 4000 and 3000 cal yr. BP, but its relative abundance in PS1410-06 GC increases gradually throughout the past 10,200 yr without any major steps. Similarly, biogenic silica (opal) displays stepwise increases at ~3600 and 2900 cal yr. BP in ODP 1019 and TN062-O550, respectively, whereas opal increases more gradually in PS1410-06 GC during the past 10,100 yr with relatively minor steps at ~3100 and ~2600 cal yr. BP. Together, coastal redwood and opal argue for a more gradual late Holocene increase in coastal upwelling along the coast of central California compared with that off northern California, where onshore-offshore gradients are more distinct.
Keywords	Bacillariophyceae ; coasts ; Holocene epoch ; latitude ; longitude ; opal ; paleoceanography ; paleoclimatology ; pollen ; seamounts ; Sequoia sempervirens ; silica ; surface temperature ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1221
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ISSN	1040-6182
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2019.12.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: High-resolution climate of the past â¼7300 years of coastal northernmost California: Results from diatoms, silicoflagellates, and pollen

Barron, John A / Clark R. Alexander / David Bukry / Jason A. Addison / Linda E. Heusser

Quaternary International. 2016,

2016

Abstract: Piston core TN062-O550, collected about 33Â km offshore of Eureka, California, contains a high-resolution record of the climate and oceanography of coastal northernmost California during the past â¼7.34Â kyr. Chronology established by nine AMS ages on a ...

Abstract	Piston core TN062-O550, collected about 33Â km offshore of Eureka, California, contains a high-resolution record of the climate and oceanography of coastal northernmost California during the past â¼7.34Â kyr. Chronology established by nine AMS ages on a combination of planktic foraminifers, bivalve shell fragments, and wood yields a mean sedimentation rate of 103Â cmÂ kyrâ1. Marine proxies (diatoms and silicoflagellates) and pollen transported by the nearby Eel River reveal a stepwise development of both modern offshore surface water oceanography and coastal arboreal ecosystems. Beginning at â¼5.4Â cal ka the relative abundance of coastal redwood pollen, a proxy for coastal fog, displays a two fold increase suggesting enhanced coastal upwelling. A decline in the relative contribution of subtropical diatoms at â¼5.0Â cal ka implies cooling of sea surface temperatures (SSTs). At â¼3.6Â cal ka an increase in the relative abundance of alder and oak at the expense of coastal redwood likely signals intensified riverine transport of pollen from inland environments. Cooler offshore SSTs and increased precipitation characterize the interval between â¼3.6 and 2.8Â cal ka. A rapid, stepwise change in coastal climatology and oceanography occurs between â¼2.8 and 2.6Â cal ka that suggests an enhanced expression of modern Pacific Decadal Oscillation-like (PDO) cycles. A three-fold increase in the relative abundance of the subtropical diatom Fragilariopsis doliolus at 2.8Â cal ka appears to mark an abrupt warming of winter SSTs. Soon afterwards at 2.6Â cal ka, a two fold increase in the relative abundance of coastal redwood pollen is suggestive of an abrupt intensification of spring upwelling. After â¼2.8Â cal ka a sequence of cool-warm, PDO-like cycles occurs wherein cool cycles are characterized by relative abundance increases in coastal redwood pollen and decreased contributions of subtropical diatoms, whereas opposite proxy trends distinguish warm cycles.
Keywords	Bacillariophyceae ; climate ; climatology ; ecosystems ; oceanography ; pollen ; Retaria ; rivers ; Sequoia sempervirens ; spring ; surface water ; winter ; wood ; California
Language	English
Size	p. .
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ISSN	1040-6182
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2016.10.039
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Audio / Video: Diatom constraints on sea surface temperatures and sea ice distribution during the middle part of the Pliocene

Barron, John A

(Open-file report ; 96-713)

1996

Institution	Geological Survey (U.S.)
Author's details	John A. Barron
Series title	Open-file report ; 96-713
Keywords	Geology, Stratigraphic ; Diatoms, Fossil ; Glacial epoch
Language	English
Size	45 leaves :, ill. ;, 28 cm.
Publisher	U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
Publishing place	Menlo Park, CA
Document type	Book ; Audio / Video
Note	Cover title. ; Shipping list no.: 99-0395-M.
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Diatom constrains on the position of the Antarctic Polar Front in the middle part of the Pliocene, supplementary data to: Barron, John A (1996): Diatom constraints on the position of the Antarctic Polar Front in the middle part of the Pliocene. Marine Micropaleontology, 27(1-4), 195-213

Barron, John A

1996

Abstract: The relative percentages of diatom taxa in 5 deep-sea cores (DSDP 266, ODP 699A, ODP 747A. ODP 751A, and Eltanin Core 50-28) from the Southern Ocean are determined for an interval centered on 3.1 to 2.9 Ma in the middle part of the Pliocene. This ... ...

Abstract	The relative percentages of diatom taxa in 5 deep-sea cores (DSDP 266, ODP 699A, ODP 747A. ODP 751A, and Eltanin Core 50-28) from the Southern Ocean are determined for an interval centered on 3.1 to 2.9 Ma in the middle part of the Pliocene. This climatically warm interval, which is being studied by the PRISM Project of the U.S. Geological Survey, coincides with a proposed interval of major deglaciation of East Antarctica. The maximum southerly position of the Antarctic Polar Front between 3.1 and 3.0 Ma is inferred from these diatom studies, the presence of calcareous nannofossils in the sediments, and sedimentologic and micropaleontologic information from the literature. It is suggested that the Antarctic Polar Front may have migrated by as much as 6? of latitude further to the south in the southeastern Atlantic and Indian Oceans during this Pliocene warm interval but probably lay close to its present day position in the southwest Atlantic and Drake Passage. Summer sea surface temperatures are inferred to have been no more than 3?-4?C warmer than present at latitudes between 55? and 60?.
Language	English
Dates of publication	1996-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/0377-8398(95)00060-7
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.682280
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online: (Table T1) Relative abundance of diatoms in ODP Hole 169-1034B sediments, supplementary data to: Fourtanier, Elisabeth; Barron, John A (2000): Data Report: Intra-annual variability of the diatom assemblages at Hole 1034B (Saanich Inlet) near 9 ka. In: Bornhold, BD; Firth, JV (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 169S, 1-8

Fourtanier, Elisabeth / Barron, John A

2000

Abstract: Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1034 (48°38.000'N, 123°30.000'W) was drilled at a water depth of 200 m in the Saanich Inlet, an anoxic fjord on the southeastern coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to a depth of 118.2 meters below seafloor ( ... ...

Abstract	Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1034 (48°38.000'N, 123°30.000'W) was drilled at a water depth of 200 m in the Saanich Inlet, an anoxic fjord on the southeastern coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to a depth of 118.2 meters below seafloor (mbsf). The uppermost 50 m consists of very well-laminated (triplet varves) diatomaceous muds deposited over the past 7000 yr. Below, sediments become progressively less distinctly laminated and reflect better oxygenated bottom-water conditions. The oldest sediments recovered at Site 1034 were dated as 14 to 15 ka (see Shipboard Scientific Party, 1998, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.169s.1998). Varved sediments recovered during Leg 169S in the Saanich Inlet offer an excellent opportunity to compare the interannual variability of recent climatic elements (e.g., sea-surface temperature, salinity, precipitation) with those of late Quaternary periods that were characterized by climates appreciably different from those of today. A large amount of recent diatom data from Saanich Inlet exists, which can serve as a baseline for such comparisons: Sancetta (1989a, doi:10.1029/PA004i003p00235; 1989b, doi:10.1093/plankt/11.3.503; 1990) investigated modern processes controlling the accumulation of diatoms and spacial and temporal trends of diatom flux in the Inlet; Sancetta and Calvert (1988, doi:10.1016/0198-0149(88)90058-1) documented the annual cycle of sedimentation in the fjord. McQuoid (1995) and McQuoid and Hobson (1997, doi:10.1093/plankt/19.2.173) studied the modern pattern of diatom succession in the Saanich Inlet and analyzed the diatoms in laminae couplets in frozen sediment cores for the years 1900 to 1991 A.D. This report describes the intra-annual variability of the diatom assemblages at Site 1034, during a 8-yr interval near 9 ka. Pollen and dinoflagellates are being studied from the same samples by R. Hebda and P. Mudie (unpubl. data).
Language	English
Dates of publication	2000-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.169S.195.2000
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.788787
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: High resolution paleoceanography of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, during the past 15000 yeras, supplementary data to: Barron, John A; Bukry, David; Bischoff, James L (2004): High resolution paleoceanography of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, during the past 15 000 years. Marine Micropaleontology, 50(3-4), 185-207

Barron, John A / Bischoff, James L / Bukry, David

2004

Abstract: Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 480 (27?54.10'N, 111?39.34'W; 655 m water depth) contains a high resolution record of paleoceanographic change of the past 15000 years for the Guaymas Basin, a region of very high diatom productivity within the central Gulf ...

Abstract	Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 480 (27?54.10'N, 111?39.34'W; 655 m water depth) contains a high resolution record of paleoceanographic change of the past 15000 years for the Guaymas Basin, a region of very high diatom productivity within the central Gulf of California. Analyses of diatoms and silicoflagellates were completed on samples spaced every 40-50 yr, whereas ICP-AES geochemical analyses were completed on alternate samples (sample spacing 80-100 yr). The Bolling-Allerod interval (14.6-12.9 ka) (note, ka refers to 1000 calendar years BP throughout this report) is characterized by an increase in biogenic silica and a decline in calcium carbonate relative to surrounding intervals, suggesting conditions somewhat similar to those of today. The Younger Dryas event (12.9-11.6 ka) is marked by a major drop in biogenic silica and an increase in calcium carbonate. Increasing relative percentage contributions of Azpeitia nodulifera and Dictyocha perlaevis (a tropical diatom and silicoflagellate, respectively) and reduced numbers of the silicoflagellate Octactis pulchra are supportive of reduced upwelling of nutrient-rich waters. Between 10.6 and 10.0 ka, calcium carbonate and A. nodulifera abruptly decline at DSDP 480, while Roperia tesselata, a diatom indicative of winter upwelling in the modern-day Gulf, increases sharply in numbers. A nearly coincident increase in the silicoflagellate Dictyocha stapedia suggests that waters above DSDP 480 were more similar to the cooler and slightly more saline waters of the northern Gulf during much of the early and middle parts of the Holocene (~10 to 3.2 ka). At about 6.2 ka a stepwise increase in biogenic silica and the reappearance of the tropical diatom A. nodulifera marks a major change in oceanographic conditions in the Gulf. A winter shift to more northwesterly winds may have occurred at this time along with the onset of periodic northward excursions (El Nino-driven?) of the North Equatorial Countercurrent during the summer. Beginning between 2.8 and 2.4 ka, the amplitude of biogenic silica and wt% Fe, Al, and Ti (proxies of terrigenous input) increase, possibly reflecting intensification of ENSO cycles and the establishment of modern oceanographic conditions in the Gulf. Increased numbers of O. pulchra after 2.8 ka suggest enhanced spring upwelling.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2004-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00071-9
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.687699
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online: Oligocene and lowermost Miocene diatom stratigraphy and datums of ODP Site 199-1220 sediments, supplementary data to: Barron, John A; Fourtanier, Elisabeth; Bohaty, Steven M (2004): Oligocene and earliest Miocene diatom biostratigraphy of ODP Leg 199 Site 1220, equatorial Pacific. In: Wilson, PA; Lyle, M; Firth, JV (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 199, 1-25

Barron, John A / Bohaty, Steven M / Fourtanier, Elisabeth

2004

Abstract: Completion of studies on material collected during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 199 at Site 1220 in the equatorial Pacific allows calibration of the ranges of >35 stratigraphically important diatoms to paleomagnetic stratigraphy for the Oligocene and ... ...

Abstract	Completion of studies on material collected during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 199 at Site 1220 in the equatorial Pacific allows calibration of the ranges of >35 stratigraphically important diatoms to paleomagnetic stratigraphy for the Oligocene and earliest Miocene (~33.5-21.5 Ma). The taxonomy of these taxa is reviewed, and age estimates of their first and last occurrences are compiled. The diatom zonation for the Oligocene and earliest Miocene of the equatorial Pacific is revised and correlated with paleomagnetic stratigraphy. This biostratigraphy is likely to be applicable throughout the low-latitude regions of the world's oceans.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2004-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.199.204.2004
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.788414
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: Distribution of Pliocene diatom faunas in the Northwest Pacific, supplementary data to: Barron, John A (1992): Pliocene paleoclimatic interpretation of DSDP Site 580 (NW Pacific) using diatoms. Marine Micropaleontology, 20(1), 23-44

Barron, John A

1992

Abstract: High-resolution quantitative diatom data are tabulated for the early part of the late Pliocene ( 3.25 to 2.08 Ma ) at DSDP Site 580 in the northwestern Pacific. Sample spacing averages 11 k.y. between 3.1 and 2.8 Ma, but increases to 14 to 19 k.y. prior ... ...

Abstract	High-resolution quantitative diatom data are tabulated for the early part of the late Pliocene ( 3.25 to 2.08 Ma ) at DSDP Site 580 in the northwestern Pacific. Sample spacing averages 11 k.y. between 3.1 and 2.8 Ma, but increases to 14 to 19 k.y. prior to 3.1 Ma and after 2.8 Ma. Q-mode factor analysis of the middle Pliocene assemblage reveals four factors which explain 92.4% of the total variance of the 47 samples studied between 3.25 and 2.55 Ma. Three of the factors are closely related to modern subarctic, transitional, and subtropical elements, while the fourth factor, which is dominated by Coscinodiscus marginatus and the extinct Pliocene species Neodenticula kamtschatica, appears to correspond to a middle Pliocene precursor of the subarctic water mass. Knowledge of the modern and generalized Pliocene paleoclimatic relationships of various diatom taxa is used to generate a paleoclimate curve ("Twt") based on the ratio of warm-water (subtropical) to cold-water diatoms with warm-water transitional taxa (Thalassionema nitzschioides, Thalassiosira oestrupii, and Coscinodiscus radiatus) factored into the equation at an intermediate (0.5) value. The "Twt" ratios at more southerly DSDP Sites 579 and 578 are consistently higher (warmer) than those at Site 580 throughout the Pliocene, suggesting the validity of the ratio as a paleoclimatic index. Diatom paleoclimatic data reveal a middle Pliocene (3.1 to 3.0 Ma) warm interval at Site 580 during which paleotemperatures may have exceeded maximum Holocene values by 3 ?- 5.5 ?C at least three times. This middle Pliocene warm interval is also recognized by planktic foraminifers in the North Atlantic, and it appears to correspond with generalized depleted oxygen isotope values suggesting polar warming. The diatom "Twt" curve for Site 580 compares fairly well with radiolarian and silicoflagellate paleoclimatic curves for Site 580, planktic foraminiferal sea-surface temperature estimates for the North Atlantic, and benthic oxygen isotope curves for late Pliocene, although higher resolution studies on paired samples are required to test the correspondence of these various paleoclimatic indices.
Language	English
Dates of publication	1992-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/0377-8398(92)90007-7
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.683672
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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