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Article: Soybean Flower and Pod Response to Fomesafen, Acifluorfen, and Lactofen

Beam, Shawn C / Kara B. Pittman / Michael L. Flessner

Weed technology. 2018 Aug., v. 32, no. 4

2018

Abstract: Diphenyl ether herbicides are commonly applied POST in soybean to control weeds late in the growing season that have not been controlled by other previous weed management tactics. These “rescue” applications can occur during reproductive soybean growth. ... ...

Abstract	Diphenyl ether herbicides are commonly applied POST in soybean to control weeds late in the growing season that have not been controlled by other previous weed management tactics. These “rescue” applications can occur during reproductive soybean growth. The effect of these herbicides on the developing flowers and pods is not known. Field research studies were conducted over 3 yr to determine how soybean flowers and developing pods respond to fomesafen, acifluorfen, and lactofen when applied at R1, R3, and R5 growth stages. Flower and pod counts in the nontreated check showed an increase (17.1, 5.8, and 2.21 at R1, R3, and R5 stage, respectively) and were statistically the same as the herbicide treatments 1 wk after treatment. Fomesafen, acifluorfen, and lactofen applied at 395, 420, and 219 g ai ha−1 at R1, R3, and R5 stage had no negative impact on soybean flowers and developing pods when compared to the nontreated check. No significant differences were observed in soybean yield between any treatments in all site-years of the study. Nomenclature: Fomesafen; acifluorfen; lactofen; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Keywords	acifluorfen ; crop yield ; flowering ; fomesafen ; Glycine max ; growing season ; lactofen ; pods ; soybeans ; weed control
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-08
Size	p. 444-447.
Publishing place	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	743243-4
ISSN	1550-2740 ; 0890-037X
ISSN (online)	1550-2740
ISSN	0890-037X
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Influence of Herbicides on the Development of Internal Necrosis of Sweetpotato

Beam, Shawn C / David W. Monks / Jonathan R. Schultheis / Katherine M. Jennings / Sushila Chaudhari

Weed technology. 2017 Dec., v. 31, no. 6

2017

Abstract: Field studies were conducted to determine the influence of herbicides on the development of internal necrosis (IN) in sweetpotato storage roots. In a slip propagation study, herbicide treatments included PRE application (immediately after covering seed ... ...

Abstract	Field studies were conducted to determine the influence of herbicides on the development of internal necrosis (IN) in sweetpotato storage roots. In a slip propagation study, herbicide treatments included PRE application (immediately after covering seed roots with soil) of clomazone (0.42, 0.84 kg ai ha−1), flumioxazin (0.11, 0.21 kg ai ha−1), fomesafen (0.28, 0.56 kg ai ha−1), linuron (0.56, 1.12 kg ai ha−1), S-metolachlor (0.8, 1.6 kg ai ha−1), flumioxazin plus S-metolachlor (0.11 + 0.8 or 1.6 kg ha−1), and napropamide (1.12, 2.24 kg ai ha−1), and POST application (2 to 4 wk prior to cutting slips) of ethephon (0.84, 1.26 kg ai ha−1) and paraquat (0.14, 0.28 kg ai ha−1). In a field production study, flumioxazin, fomesafen, linuron, and paraquat were applied PREPLANT (one d prior to sweetpotato transplanting), clomazone, S-metolachlor, and napropamide were applied PRE [4 d after transplanting (DAP)], flumioxazin PREPLANT followed by (fb) S-metolachlor PRE, and ethephon applied POST (2 wk prior to harvest). Herbicide rates were similar to those used in the slip propagation study. Yield of sweetpotato in both studies was not affected by herbicide treatment. In both studies, IN incidence and severity increased with time and was greatest at 60 d after curing. No difference was observed between herbicide treatments for IN incidence and severity in the slip production study which indicates herbicide application at time of slip propagation does not impact the development of IN. In the field production study, the only treatment that increased IN incidence compared to the nontreated was ethephon with 53% and 2.3 incidence and severity, respectively. The presence of IN affected roots in nontreated plots indicates that some other pre- or post-curing factors other than herbicides are responsible for the development of IN. However, the ethephon application prior to sweetpotato root harvest escalates the development of IN. Nomenclature: Clomazone; ethephon; flumioxazin; fomesafen; linuron; napropamide; paraquat; S-metolachlor; sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Keywords	clomazone ; crop yield ; cutting ; ethephon ; flumioxazin ; fomesafen ; harvesting ; Ipomoea batatas ; linuron ; metolachlor ; napropamide ; necrosis ; paraquat ; pesticide application ; roots ; soil ; sweet potatoes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-12
Size	p. 863-869.
Publishing place	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	743243-4
ISSN	1550-2740 ; 0890-037X
ISSN (online)	1550-2740
ISSN	0890-037X
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Response of Palmer Amaranth and Sweetpotato to Flumioxazin/Pyroxasulfone

Beam, Shawn C / Chaudhari, Sushila / Jennings, Katherine M / Monks, David W / Meyers, Stephen L / Schultheis, Jonathan R / Waldschmidt, Mathew / Main, Jeffrey L

Weed technology. 2018 Nov. 29, v. 33, no. 1

2018

Abstract: Studies were conducted to determine the tolerance of sweetpotato and Palmer amaranth control to a premix of flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone pretransplant (PREtr) followed by (fb) irrigation. Greenhouse studies were conducted in a factorial arrangement of ... ...

Abstract	Studies were conducted to determine the tolerance of sweetpotato and Palmer amaranth control to a premix of flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone pretransplant (PREtr) followed by (fb) irrigation. Greenhouse studies were conducted in a factorial arrangement of four herbicide rates (flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone PREtr at 105/133 and 57/72 g ai ha–1, Smetolachlor PREtr 803 g ai ha–1, nontreated) by three irrigation timings [2, 5, and 14 d after transplanting (DAP)]. Field studies were conducted in a factorial arrangement of seven herbicide treatments (flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone PREtr at 40/51, 57/72, 63/80, and 105/133 g ha–1, 107g ha–1 flumioxazin PREtr fb 803 g ha–1S-metolachlor 7 to 10 DAP, and season-long weedy and weed-free checks) by three 1.9-cm irrigation timings (0 to 2, 3 to 5, or 14 DAP). In greenhouse studies, flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone reduced sweetpotato vine length and shoot and storage root fresh biomass compared to the nontreated check and S-metolachlor. Irrigation timing had no influence on vine length and root fresh biomass. In field studies, Palmer amaranth control was≥91% season-long regardless of flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone rate or irrigation timing. At 38 DAP, sweetpotato injury was≤37 and≤9% at locations 1 and 2, respectively. Visual estimates of sweetpotato injury from flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone were greater when irrigation timing was delayed 3 to 5 or 14 DAP (22 and 20%, respectively) compared to 0 to 2 DAP (7%) at location 1 but similar at location 2. Irrigation timing did not influence no.1, jumbo, or marketable yields or root length-to-width ratio.With the exception of 105/133 g ha–1, all rates of flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone resulted in marketable sweetpotato yield and root length-to-width ratio similar to flumioxazin fb S-metolachlor or the weed-free checks. In conclusion, flumioxazin/pyroxasulfone PREtr at 40/51, 57/72, and 63/80 g ha–1 has potential for use in sweetpotato for Palmer amaranth control without causing significant crop injury and yield reduction. Nomenclature: Flumioxazin; pyroxasulfone; S-metolachlor; Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Watson AMAPA; sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam
Keywords	Amaranthus palmeri ; Ipomoea batatas ; biomass ; crop yield ; flumioxazin ; greenhouse experimentation ; irrigation scheduling ; metolachlor ; pyroxasulfone ; sweet potatoes ; vines ; weeds ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-1129
Size	p. 128-134.
Publishing place	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	743243-4
ISSN	1550-2740 ; 0890-037X
ISSN (online)	1550-2740
ISSN	0890-037X
DOI	10.1017/wet.2018.80
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Seed-Shattering Phenology at Soybean Harvest of Economically Important Weeds in Multiple Regions of the United States. Part 3: Drivers of Seed Shatter

Schwartz-Lazaro, Lauren M. / Shergill, Lovreet S. / Evans, Jeffrey A. / Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V. / Beam, Shawn C. / Bish, Mandy D. / Bond, Jason A. / Bradley, Kevin W. / Curran, William S. / Davis, Adam S. / Everman, Wesley J. / Flessner, Michael L. / Haring, Steven C. / Jordan, Nicholas R. / Korres, Nicholas E. / Lindquist, John L. / Norsworthy, Jason K. / Sanders, Tameka L. / Steckel, Larry E. /

VanGessel, Mark J. / Young, Blake / Mirsky, Steven B.

Weed science. 2021 Nov. 15, v. 70, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Seed retention, and ultimately seed shatter, are extremely important for the efficacy of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) and are likely influenced by various agroecological and environmental factors. Field studies investigated seed-shattering phenology ... ...

Abstract	Seed retention, and ultimately seed shatter, are extremely important for the efficacy of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) and are likely influenced by various agroecological and environmental factors. Field studies investigated seed-shattering phenology of 22 weed species across three soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-producing regions in the United States. We further evaluated the potential drivers of seed shatter in terms of weather conditions, growing degree days, and plant biomass. Based on the results, weather conditions had no consistent impact on weed seed shatter. However, there was a positive correlation between individual weed plant biomass and delayed weed seed–shattering rates during harvest. This work demonstrates that HWSC can potentially reduce weed seedbank inputs of plants that have escaped early-season management practices and retained seed through harvest. However, smaller individuals of plants within the same population that shatter seed before harvest pose a risk of escaping early-season management and HWSC.
Keywords	Glycine max ; agroecology ; phenology ; phytomass ; risk ; seed shattering ; soybeans ; weeds
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1115
Size	p. 79-86.
Publishing place	The Weed Science Society of America
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	281279-4
ISSN	0043-1745
ISSN	0043-1745
DOI	10.1017/wsc.2021.74
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: U.S. cereal rye winter cover crop growth database.

Huddell, Alexandra M / Thapa, Resham / Marcillo, Guillermo S / Abendroth, Lori J / Ackroyd, Victoria J / Armstrong, Shalamar D / Asmita, Gautam / Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V / Balkcom, Kipling S / Basche, Andrea / Beam, Shawn / Bradley, Kevin / Canisares, Lucas Pecci / Darby, Heather / Davis, Adam S / Devkota, Pratap / Dick, Warren A / Evans, Jeffery A / Everman, Wesley J /

de Almeida, Tauana Ferreira / Flessner, Michael L / Fultz, Lisa M / Gailans, Stefan / Hashemi, Masoud / Haymaker, Joseph / Helmers, Matthew J / Jordan, Nicholas / Kaspar, Thomas C / Ketterings, Quirine M / Kladivko, Eileen / Kravchenko, Alexandra / Law, Eugene P / Lazaro, Lauren / Leon, Ramon G / Liebert, Jeffrey / Lindquist, John / Loria, Kristen / McVane, Jodie M / Miller, Jarrod O / Mulvaney, Michael J / Nkongolo, Nsalambi V / Norsworthy, Jason K / Parajuli, Binaya / Pelzer, Christopher / Peterson, Cara / Poffenbarger, Hanna / Poudel, Pratima / Reiter, Mark S / Ruark, Matt / Ryan, Matthew R / Samuelson, Spencer / Sawyer, John E / Seehaver, Sarah / Shergill, Lovreet S / Upadhyaya, Yogendra Raj / VanGessel, Mark / Waggoner, Ashley L / Wallace, John M / Wells, Samantha / White, Charles / Wolters, Bethany / Woodley, Alex / Ye, Rongzhong / Youngerman, Eric / Needelman, Brian A / Mirsky, Steven B

Scientific data

2024 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 200

Abstract: Winter cover crop performance metrics (i.e., vegetative biomass quantity and quality) affect ecosystem services provisions, but they vary widely due to differences in agronomic practices, soil properties, and climate. Cereal rye (Secale cereale) is the ... ...

Abstract	Winter cover crop performance metrics (i.e., vegetative biomass quantity and quality) affect ecosystem services provisions, but they vary widely due to differences in agronomic practices, soil properties, and climate. Cereal rye (Secale cereale) is the most common winter cover crop in the United States due to its winter hardiness, low seed cost, and high biomass production. We compiled data on cereal rye winter cover crop performance metrics, agronomic practices, and soil properties across the eastern half of the United States. The dataset includes a total of 5,695 cereal rye biomass observations across 208 site-years between 2001-2022 and encompasses a wide range of agronomic, soils, and climate conditions. Cereal rye biomass values had a mean of 3,428 kg ha
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Ecosystem ; Edible Grain/growth & development ; Seasons ; Secale/growth & development ; Soil ; United States
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Dataset ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775191-0
ISSN	2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
ISSN (online)	2052-4463
ISSN	2052-4463
DOI	10.1038/s41597-024-02996-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Seed-Shattering Phenology at Soybean Harvest of Economically Important Weeds in Multiple Regions of the United States. Part 1: Broadleaf Species

Weed science. 2020 Nov. 4, v. 69, no. 1

2020

Abstract: Potential effectiveness of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) systems depends upon seed shatter of the target weed species at crop maturity, enabling its collection and processing at crop harvest. However, seed retention likely is influenced by ... ...

Abstract	Potential effectiveness of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) systems depends upon seed shatter of the target weed species at crop maturity, enabling its collection and processing at crop harvest. However, seed retention likely is influenced by agroecological and environmental factors. In 2016 and 2017, we assessed seed-shatter phenology in 13 economically important broadleaf weed species in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] from crop physiological maturity to 4 wk after physiological maturity at multiple sites spread across 14 states in the southern, northern, and mid-Atlantic United States. Greater proportions of seeds were retained by weeds in southern latitudes and shatter rate increased at northern latitudes. Amaranthus spp. seed shatter was low (0% to 2%), whereas shatter varied widely in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) (2% to 90%) over the weeks following soybean physiological maturity. Overall, the broadleaf species studied shattered less than 10% of their seeds by soybean harvest. Our results suggest that some of the broadleaf species with greater seed retention rates in the weeks following soybean physiological maturity may be good candidates for HWSC.
Keywords	Amaranthus ; Ambrosia artemisiifolia ; Glycine max ; agroecology ; broadleaf weeds ; phenology ; seed shattering ; soybeans
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1104
Size	p. 95-103.
Publishing place	The Weed Science Society of America
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	281279-4
ISSN	0043-1745
ISSN	0043-1745
DOI	10.1017/wsc.2020.80
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Seed-Shattering Phenology at Soybean Harvest of Economically Important Weeds in Multiple Regions of the United States. Part 2: Grass Species

Weed science. 2020 Oct. 26, v. 69, no. 1

2020

Abstract: Seed shatter is an important weediness trait on which the efficacy of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) depends. The level of seed shatter in a species is likely influenced by agroecological and environmental factors. In 2016 and 2017, we assessed seed ... ...

Abstract	Seed shatter is an important weediness trait on which the efficacy of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) depends. The level of seed shatter in a species is likely influenced by agroecological and environmental factors. In 2016 and 2017, we assessed seed shatter of eight economically important grass weed species in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] from crop physiological maturity to 4 wk after maturity at multiple sites spread across 11 states in the southern, northern, and mid-Atlantic United States. From soybean maturity to 4 wk after maturity, cumulative percent seed shatter was lowest in the southern U.S. regions and increased moving north through the states. At soybean maturity, the percent of seed shatter ranged from 1% to 70%. That range had shifted to 5% to 100% (mean: 42%) by 25 d after soybean maturity. There were considerable differences in seed-shatter onset and rate of progression between sites and years in some species that could impact their susceptibility to HWSC. Our results suggest that many summer annual grass species are likely not ideal candidates for HWSC, although HWSC could substantially reduce their seed output during certain years.
Keywords	Glycine max ; agroecology ; grass weeds ; grasses ; phenology ; seed shattering ; soybeans ; summer ; Southeastern United States
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1026
Size	p. 104-110.
Publishing place	The Weed Science Society of America
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	281279-4
ISSN	0043-1745
ISSN	0043-1745
DOI	10.1017/wsc.2020.79
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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