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  1. AU="Becker, Joscha Nico"
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  1. Article: Growth Response of Nine Tree Species to Water Supply in Planting Soils Representative for Urban Street Tree Sites

    Schütt, Alexander / Becker, Joscha Nico / Reisdorff, Christoph / Eschenbach, Annette

    Forests. 2022 June 15, v. 13, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: In urban environments, newly planted street trees suffer from poor site conditions and limited water availability. It is challenging to provide site conditions that allow the trees to thrive in the long term, particularly under climate change. Knowledge ... ...

    Abstract In urban environments, newly planted street trees suffer from poor site conditions and limited water availability. It is challenging to provide site conditions that allow the trees to thrive in the long term, particularly under climate change. Knowledge about the hydrological properties of artificial urban planting soils related to the response of tree species-specific growth is crucial, but still lacking. Therefore, we established a three-year experimental field setup to investigate the response of nine tree species (135 individuals) to two common urban planting soils and a loamy silt reference. We determined and measured soil hydrological parameters and monitored tree growth. Our results revealed low plant available water capacities (6% and 10% v/v) and hydraulic conductivity restrictions with the drying of the sandy-textured urban planting soils. Therefore, tree species that are investing in fine root growth to extract water from dry soils might be more successful than trees that are lowering their water potential. Tree growth was overall evidently lower in the urban planting soils compared with the reference and differed between and within the species. We showed that using unfavorable planting soils causes severe, species-specific growth deficits reflecting limited above-ground carbon uptake as a consequence of low water availability.
    Keywords carbon ; climate change ; fine roots ; hydraulic conductivity ; plant available water ; planting ; root growth ; silt ; street trees ; tree growth ; water potential ; water supply
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0615
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f13060936
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Depth rather than microrelief controls microbial biomass and kinetics of C-, N-, P- and S-cycle enzymes in peatland

    Parvin, Shahnaj / Blagodatskaya, Evgenia / Becker, Joscha Nico / Kuzyakov, Yakov / Uddin, Shihab / Dorodnikov, Maxim

    Geoderma. 2018 Aug. 15, v. 324

    2018  

    Abstract: The formation of microrelief forms in peatlands - elevated and dry hummocks, depressed wet hollows and intermediate lawns - is controlled by the interaction of water table, nutrient availability and dominant plant communities. This affects the ... ...

    Abstract The formation of microrelief forms in peatlands - elevated and dry hummocks, depressed wet hollows and intermediate lawns - is controlled by the interaction of water table, nutrient availability and dominant plant communities. This affects the composition and activity of various functional groups of microorganisms. With depth, the change in peat quality from less to more highly processed organic material additionally regulates microbial activity. We hypothesized that microbial biomass and enzyme activities are driven by aeration and by peat quality and therefore (i) they increase from hollows (water saturated/anaerobic) through lawns (intermediate) to hummocks (aerobic) in the top peat and ii) they decrease with depth due to increasing distance from fresh plant-derived inputs and lower oxygen availability. These hypotheses were tested for enzymes catalysing the decomposition of C-, N-, P- and S-containing organic compounds in peat of the three microform types at three depths (15, 50 and 200 cm). Microbial biomass and peat chemical characteristics were compared with enzyme kinetic parameters, i.e. maximal potential activity (Vₘₐₓ) and the Michaelis constant (Kₘ).Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and Vₘₐₓ of β-glucosidase and N-acetyl glucosaminidase increased by 30–70% from hummocks and lawns to hollows in the top 15 cm, contradicting the hypothesis. Similarly, Kₘ and the catalytic efficiency of enzymes (Kₐ = Vₘₐₓ/Kₘ) were best related to MBC distribution and not to the aeration gradient. With depth, Vₘₐₓ of β-glucosidase, xylosidase and leucine aminopeptidase followed the hypothesized pattern in hollows. In contrast, MBC was 1.3–4 times higher at 50 cm, followed by successively lower contents at 15 and 200 cm in all microforms. The same depth pattern characterized the Vₘₐₓ distribution of 6 out of 8 enzymes. Phosphatase activity decreased from drier hummock to wetter hollows and the higher activity throughout the peat profile suggested a high microbial demand for P. Enzyme activities and catalytic efficiency in peat were closely linked to the distribution of microbial biomass with depth, which in turn was best explained by P content. From the ecological perspective, these results clearly show that peat decomposition will be accelerated when microbial activity is stimulated e.g. by increased P availability.
    Keywords aeration ; carbon ; catalytic activity ; enzyme kinetics ; leucyl aminopeptidase ; microbial activity ; microbial biomass ; microrelief ; nutrient availability ; oxygen ; peat ; peatlands ; water table
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0815
    Size p. 67-76.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 281080-3
    ISSN 1872-6259 ; 0016-7061
    ISSN (online) 1872-6259
    ISSN 0016-7061
    DOI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.03.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Book ; Online: Carbon and nutrient cycles depending on climate and land use along the elevation gradient of Mount Kilimanjaro

    Becker, Joscha Nico / Dippold, Michaela / Kuzyakov, Yakov / Sauer, Daniela / Spielvogel, Sandra

    2017  

    Abstract: Ecosystem functions of tropical mountain ecosystems and their ability to provide ecosystem services are particularly threatened by the combined impact of climate and land-use change. Carbon and nutrient cycling are fundamental ecosystem function that ... ...

    Author's details vorgelegt von Joscha Nico Becker
    Abstract Ecosystem functions of tropical mountain ecosystems and their ability to provide ecosystem services are particularly threatened by the combined impact of climate and land-use change. Carbon and nutrient cycling are fundamental ecosystem function that control C storage and pools, provide plant nutrients and regulate microbial and faunal activity. Soils, as the linkage between abiotic and biotic components of an ecosystem, are strongly affected by changes in these cycles. To understand the impacts of climate and land-use changes on biodiversity and associated ecosystem services and stability ...
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource, Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Publishing place Göttingen
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database Special collection on veterinary medicine and general parasitology

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  4. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Carbon and nutrient cycles depending on climate and land use along the elevation gradient of Mount Kilimanjaro

    Becker, Joscha Nico [Verfasser] / Kuzyakov, Yakov [Akademischer Betreuer] / Dippold, Michaela [Gutachter] / Sauer, Daniela [Gutachter] / Spielvogel, Sandra [Gutachter]

    2017  

    Author's details Joscha Nico Becker ; Gutachter: Michaela Dippold, Daniela Sauer, Sandra Spielvogel ; Betreuer: Yakov Kuzyakov
    Keywords Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin ; Agriculture, Veterinary Science
    Subject code sg630
    Language English
    Publisher Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Publishing place Göttingen
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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