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  1. Article ; Online: Differential sensitivity to the environment: contribution of cognitive biases and genes to psychological wellbeing.

    Fox, E / Beevers, C G

    Molecular psychiatry

    2016  Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) 1657–1662

    Abstract: Negative cognitive biases and genetic variation have been associated with risk of psychopathology in largely independent lines of research. Here, we discuss ways in which these dynamic fields of research might be fruitfully combined. We propose that gene ...

    Abstract Negative cognitive biases and genetic variation have been associated with risk of psychopathology in largely independent lines of research. Here, we discuss ways in which these dynamic fields of research might be fruitfully combined. We propose that gene by environment (G × E) interactions may be mediated by selective cognitive biases and that certain forms of genetic 'reactivity' or 'sensitivity' may represent heightened sensitivity to the learning environment in a 'for better and for worse' manner. To progress knowledge in this field, we recommend including assessments of cognitive processing biases; examining G × E interactions in 'both' negative and positive environments; experimentally manipulating the environment when possible; and moving beyond single-gene effects to assess polygenic sensitivity scores. We formulate a new methodological framework encapsulating cognitive and genetic factors in the development of both psychopathology and optimal wellbeing that holds long-term promise for the development of new personalized therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Bias ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Environment ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics ; Humans ; Psychopathology/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1330655-8
    ISSN 1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
    ISSN (online) 1476-5578
    ISSN 1359-4184
    DOI 10.1038/mp.2016.114
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The superior longitudinal fasciculus and its functional triple-network mechanisms in brooding.

    Pisner, D A / Shumake, J / Beevers, C G / Schnyer, D M

    NeuroImage. Clinical

    2019  Volume 24, Page(s) 101935

    Abstract: Brooding, which refers to a repetitive focus on one's distress, is associated with functional connectivity within Default-Mode, Salience, and Executive-Control networks (DMN; SN; ECN), comprising the so-called "triple-network" of attention. Individual ... ...

    Abstract Brooding, which refers to a repetitive focus on one's distress, is associated with functional connectivity within Default-Mode, Salience, and Executive-Control networks (DMN; SN; ECN), comprising the so-called "triple-network" of attention. Individual differences in brain structure that might perseverate dysfunctional connectivity of brain networks associated with brooding are less clear, however. Using diffusion and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we explored multimodal relationships between brooding severity, white-matter microstructure, and resting-state functional connectivity in depressed adults (N = 32-44), and then examined whether findings directly replicated in a demographically-similar, independent sample (N = 36-45). Among the fully-replicated results, three core findings emerged. First, brooding severity is associated with functional integration and segregation of the triple-network, particularly with a Precuneal subnetwork of the DMN. Second, microstructural asymmetry of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (SLF) provides a robust structural connectivity basis for brooding and may account for over 20% of its severity (Discovery: adj. R
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention/physiology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Executive Function/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging ; Nerve Net/physiology ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; White Matter/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2701571-3
    ISSN 2213-1582 ; 2213-1582
    ISSN (online) 2213-1582
    ISSN 2213-1582
    DOI 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101935
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A machine learning ensemble to predict treatment outcomes following an Internet intervention for depression

    Pearson, Rahel / Pisner, Derek / Meyer, Björn / Shumake, Jason / Beevers, Christopher G.

    Psychological Medicine

    2019  Volume 49, Issue 14, Page(s) 2330–2341

    Abstract: Background Some Internet interventions are regarded as effective treatments for adult depression, but less is known about who responds to this form of treatment. Method An elastic net and random forest were trained to predict depression symptoms and ... ...

    Title translation Ein Maschinenlern-Ensemble für die Vorhersage von Behandlungsergebnissen nach einer Internet-Intervention bei Depressionen
    Abstract Background Some Internet interventions are regarded as effective treatments for adult depression, but less is known about who responds to this form of treatment. Method An elastic net and random forest were trained to predict depression symptoms and related disability after an 8-week course of an Internet intervention, Deprexis, involving adults (N = 283) from across the USA. Candidate predictors included psychopathology, demographics, treatment expectancies, treatment usage, and environmental context obtained from population databases. Model performance was evaluated using predictive R2, the expected variance explained in a new sample, estimated by 10 repetitions of 10-fold cross-validation. Results An ensemble model was created by averaging the predictions of the elastic net and random forest. Model performance was compared with a benchmark linear autoregressive model that predicted each outcome using only its baseline. The ensemble predicted more variance in post-treatment depression (8.0% gain, 95% CI 0.8-15; total R2pred = 0.25), disability (5.0% gain, 95% CI -0.3 to 10; total R2pred = 0.25), and well-being (11.6% gain, 95% CI 4.9-19; total R2pred = 0.29) than the benchmark model. Important predictors included comorbid psychopathology, particularly total psychopathology and dysthymia, low symptom-related disability, treatment credibility, lower access to therapists, and time spent using certain Deprexis modules. Conclusion A number of variables predict symptom improvement following an Internet intervention, but each of these variables makes relatively small contributions. Machine learning ensembles may be a promising statistical approach for identifying the cumulative contribution of many weak predictors to psychosocial depression treatment response.
    Keywords Algorithmen ; Algorithms ; Comorbidity ; Computer Assisted Therapy ; Computerunterstützte Therapie ; Credibility ; Digital Interventions ; Digitale Interventionen ; Dysthyme Störungen ; Dysthymic Disorder ; Glaubwürdigkeit ; Internetbasierte Therapie ; Ko-Morbidität ; Machine Learning ; Major Depression ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Online Therapy ; Prediction ; Psychotherapeutic Outcomes ; Psychotherapieergebnisse ; Therapieerfolgskontrolle ; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation ; Vorhersage
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S003329171800315X
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  4. Article ; Online: Depression symptoms and cognitive control of emotion cues: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

    Beevers, C G / Clasen, P / Stice, E / Schnyer, D

    Neuroscience

    2010  Volume 167, Issue 1, Page(s) 97–103

    Abstract: Few studies have examined associations between depressive symptoms and alterations in neural systems that subserve cognitive control. Cognitive control was assessed with an exogenous cueing task using happy, sad, and neutral facial expressions as cues ... ...

    Abstract Few studies have examined associations between depressive symptoms and alterations in neural systems that subserve cognitive control. Cognitive control was assessed with an exogenous cueing task using happy, sad, and neutral facial expressions as cues among women with mild to moderate symptoms of depression and a non-depressed control group while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measured brain activity. Amygdala and medial/orbital prefrontal cortex (PFC) response to valid emotion cues did not differ as a function of depression symptoms. However, significant depression group differences were observed when task demands required cognitive control. Participants with elevated depression symptoms showed weaker activation in right and left lateral PFC and parietal regions when shifting attentional focus away from invalid emotion cues. No depression group differences were observed for invalid non-emotional cues. Findings suggest that mild to moderate depression symptoms are associated with altered function in brain regions that mediate cognitive control of emotional information.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Amygdala/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition/physiology ; Cues ; Depression/physiopathology ; Emotions ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Parietal Lobe/physiopathology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.01.047
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  5. Article: Effectiveness of an Internet intervention (Deprexis) for depression in a United States adult sample

    Beevers, Christopher G. / Pearson, Rahel / Hoffman, James S. / Foulser, A. Alban / Shumake, Jason / Meyer, Björn

    Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

    A parallel-group pragmatic randomized controlled trial

    2017  Volume 85, Issue 4, Page(s) 367–380

    Abstract: Examined the effectiveness of an Internet intervention for depression with a randomized, controlled trial in a large sample of adults recruited from the United States. The current study examines the effectiveness of Deprexis, an Internet treatment for ... ...

    Title translation Wirksamkeit einer Internet-Intervention (Deprexis) bei Depression in einer Stichprobe Erwachsener aus den USA: Eine pragmatisch randomisierte und kontrollierte Parallelgruppenstudie
    Abstract Examined the effectiveness of an Internet intervention for depression with a randomized, controlled trial in a large sample of adults recruited from the United States. The current study examines the effectiveness of Deprexis, an Internet treatment for depression that was provided with relatively minimal support. There were 376 treatment-seeking adults (mean age 32 years; 74% female; 77% Caucasian, 7% Asian, 7% multiple races, 4% African American, and 11% Hispanic/ Latino) with elevated depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms-Self-Report [QIDS-SR] > = 10) who were randomized to receive an 8-week course of treatment immediately (n = 285) or after an 8-week delay (n = 91; i.e., waitlist control). Intention-to-treat analyses indicated that treatment was associated with greater reduction in self-reported symptoms of depression (effect size d = .80) and 12 times greater likelihood of experiencing at least 50% symptom improvement compared with waitlist control. Similar effects were observed for several secondary outcomes, such as interviewer-rated depression symptoms, well-being, and depression-related disability. Treatment effects for symptoms of social anxiety, panic, and traumatic intrusions were relatively small. Results suggest that Deprexis can produce symptomatic improvement among depressed adults recruited from the United States. Additional research is needed that examines whether improvements are maintained over time and who is particularly likely to respond to this form of treatment.
    Keywords Computer Assisted Therapy ; Computerunterstützte Therapie ; Ethnische Unterschiede ; Internetbasierte Therapie ; Major Depression ; Online Therapy ; Racial and Ethnic Differences ; Therapieerfolgskontrolle ; Therapieergebnisse ; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation ; Treatment Outcomes
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121321-0
    ISSN 1939-2117 ; 0022-006X
    ISSN (online) 1939-2117
    ISSN 0022-006X
    DOI 10.1037/ccp0000171
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  6. Article ; Online: 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms moderate effects of stress on rumination.

    Clasen, P C / Wells, T T / Knopik, V S / McGeary, J E / Beevers, C G

    Genes, brain, and behavior

    2011  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) 740–746

    Abstract: This study examined whether polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4, 5-HTTLPR) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF Val66Met, rs6265) genes moderate the relationship between life stress and rumination. Participants were a large ... ...

    Abstract This study examined whether polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4, 5-HTTLPR) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF Val66Met, rs6265) genes moderate the relationship between life stress and rumination. Participants were a large homogenous group of healthy, unmedicated, never depressed individuals with few current symptoms of depression (N = 273). Results indicate that individuals with two short (S) alleles of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism or two Met alleles of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism ruminate more under conditions of life stress, compared to the other genotypes. Moreover, the accumulation of risk alleles (i.e. S and Met alleles) across genes is associated with significantly greater rumination in the context of life stress. These results suggest that both 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met moderate the relationship between life stress and rumination. These findings support the notion that variation in these genes is associated with biological sensitivity to the negative effects of stress.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Attention/physiology ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Reference Values ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/genetics ; Stress, Psychological/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Thinking/physiology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; SLC6A4 protein, human ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2075819-4
    ISSN 1601-183X ; 1601-1848
    ISSN (online) 1601-183X
    ISSN 1601-1848
    DOI 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2011.00715.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Prefrontal morphology, 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and biased attention for emotional stimuli.

    Beevers, C G / Pacheco, J / Clasen, P / McGeary, J E / Schnyer, D

    Genes, brain, and behavior

    2009  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 224–233

    Abstract: Biased attention for emotional stimuli has been associated with vulnerability to psychopathology. This study examines the neural substrates of biased attention. Twenty-three adult women completed high-resolution structural imaging followed by a standard ... ...

    Abstract Biased attention for emotional stimuli has been associated with vulnerability to psychopathology. This study examines the neural substrates of biased attention. Twenty-three adult women completed high-resolution structural imaging followed by a standard behavioral measure of biased attention (i.e. spatial cueing task). Participants were also genotyped for the serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) gene. Results indicated that lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) morphology was inversely associated with maintained attention for positive and negative stimuli, but only among short 5-HTTLPR allele carriers. No such associations were observed for the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) or the amygdala. Results from this study suggest that brain regions involved in cognitive control of emotion are also associated with attentional biases for emotion stimuli among short 5-HTTLPR allele carriers.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Amygdala/anatomy & histology ; Amygdala/physiology ; Attention/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Carrier State ; Continental Population Groups ; DNA/genetics ; DNA/isolation & purification ; DNA Primers ; Demography ; Depressive Disorder/genetics ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Income ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prefrontal Cortex/anatomy & histology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances DNA Primers ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-11-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2075819-4
    ISSN 1601-183X ; 1601-1848
    ISSN (online) 1601-183X
    ISSN 1601-1848
    DOI 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2009.00550.x
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  8. Article: Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression

    Furukawa, Toshi A. / Suganuma, Aya / Ostinelli, Edoardo G. / Andersson, Gerhard / Beevers, Christopher G. / Shumake, Jason / Berger, Thomas / Boele, Florien Willemijn / Buntrock, Claudia / Carlbring, Per / Choi, Isabella / Christensen, Helen / Mackinnon, Andrew / Dahne, Jennifer / Huibers, Marcus J. H. / Ebert, David D. / Farrer, Louise / Forand, Nicholas R. / Strunk, Daniel R. /
    Ezawa, Iony D. / Forsell, Erik / Kaldo, Viktor / Geraedts, Anna / Gilbody, Simon / Littlewood, Elizabeth

    The Lancet Psychiatry

    A systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual data

    2021  Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) 500–511

    Abstract: Abstract not released by publisher. ...

    Title translation Abbau, Optimierung und Personalisierung der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie bei Depressionen im Internet: Eine systematische Überprüfung und Komponenten-Netzwerk-Meta-Analyse unter Verwendung von Individualdaten (DeepL)
    Abstract Abstract not released by publisher.
    Keywords Client Characteristics ; Cognitive Behavior Therapy ; Internet ; Internetbasierte Therapie ; Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie ; Krankheitsschweregrad ; Major Depression ; Merkmale von Klientinnen und Klienten ; Online Therapy ; Psychotherapeutic Techniques ; Psychotherapeutische Techniken ; Severity (Disorders) ; Therapieerfolgskontrolle ; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2215-0366
    ISSN 2215-0366
    DOI 10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00077-8
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  9. Article: Effectiveness of a novel integrative online treatment for depression (Deprexis)

    Meyer, Björn / Berger, Thomas / Caspar, Franz / Beevers, Christopher G. / Andersson, Gerhard / Weiss, Mario

    Journal of Medical Internet Research

    Randomized controlled trial

    2009  

    Abstract: Evaluated the effectiveness of the Web-based depression intervention program Deprexis. Deprexis covers therapeutic approaches such as behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness/acceptance exercises, and social skills training. 396 adults ...

    Title translation Effektivität einer neuartigen integrativen Onlinebehandlung für Depression (Deprexis): Randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie
    Abstract Evaluated the effectiveness of the Web-based depression intervention program Deprexis. Deprexis covers therapeutic approaches such as behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness/acceptance exercises, and social skills training. 396 adults with a mean age of 35 years were recruited via Internet depression forums in Germany and were randomly assigned to either 9 weeks of immediate program access as an add-on to treatment as usual (N = 320), or to a 9-week delayed-access plus treatment-as-usual condition (N = 76). At pre- and posttreatment and 6-month follow-up, depression was measured as the primary outcome measure and social functioning as the secondary outcome measure. Results show that 55% of participants completed the postmeasurement 9 weeks later. Available case analyses revealed a significant reduction in depression severity (BDI) and significant improvement in social functioning (WSA). These improvements were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Intention-to-treat analyses confirmed significant effects of depression and social-functioning improvements. Moreover, a much higher percentage of patients in the intervention group experienced a significant reduction of depression symptoms and recovered more often. It is concluded that the intervention was effective in reducing symptoms of depression and in improving social functioning. Findings are thought to suggest that the program could serve as an adjunctive or stand-alone treatment tool for patients suffering from symptoms of depression.
    Keywords Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ; Achtsamkeit ; Akzeptanz- und Commitment-Therapie ; Cognitive Behavior Therapy ; Internet ; Internetbasierte Therapie ; Intervention ; Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie ; Major Depression ; Mindfulness ; Online Therapy ; Psychotherapie ; Psychotherapy ; Social Adjustment ; Soziale Anpassung ; Therapieerfolgskontrolle ; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2028830-X
    ISSN 1438-8871
    ISSN 1438-8871
    DOI 10.2196/jmir.1151
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