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Article ; Online: Treatment options for lipodystrophy in HIV-positive patients.

Behrens, Georg Mn

2008 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–52

Abstract: The HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome is one of the major side effects of HIV-therapy. Its metabolic abnormalities may harbor a significant risk for cardiovascular disease with as yet unknown consequences. Present data indicate a rather ... ...

Abstract	The HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome is one of the major side effects of HIV-therapy. Its metabolic abnormalities may harbor a significant risk for cardiovascular disease with as yet unknown consequences. Present data indicate a rather multifactorial pathogenesis where HIV infection, its therapy and patient-related factors are major contributors. Therapeutic interventions in patients with lipodystrophy have so far been of only limited success in many cases. General recommendations include dietary changes and lifestyle modifications, altering antiretroviral drug therapy (substitution of stavudine and zidovdine with e.g., abacavir or tenofovir or replacement of protease inhibitors with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors), and finally, the use of metabolically active drugs. Here, the treatment options of the HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome are summarized based on the present literature.
MeSH term(s)	Adenine/analogs & derivatives ; Adenine/therapeutic use ; Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects ; Dideoxynucleosides/therapeutic use ; HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome/chemically induced ; HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome/diet therapy ; HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome/drug therapy ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects ; Organophosphonates/therapeutic use ; Tenofovir
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents ; Dideoxynucleosides ; Organophosphonates ; Tenofovir (99YXE507IL) ; Adenine (JAC85A2161) ; abacavir (WR2TIP26VS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2001535-5
ISSN	1744-7666 ; 1465-6566
ISSN (online)	1744-7666
ISSN	1465-6566
DOI	10.1517/14656566.9.1.39
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 delta variant neutralisation after heterologous ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 vaccination.

Behrens, Georg Mn / Cossmann, Anne / Stankov, Metodi V / Nehlmeier, Inga / Kempf, Amy / Hoffmann, Markus / Pöhlmann, Stefan

Lancet (London, England)

2021 Volume 398, Issue 10305, Page(s) 1041–1042

MeSH term(s)	BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01891-2
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Article: The Omicron variant is highly resistant against antibody-mediated neutralization: Implications for control of the COVID-19 pandemic

Hoffmann, Markus / Krüger, Nadine / Schulz, Sebastian / Cossmann, Anne / Rocha, Cheila / Kempf, Amy / Nehlmeier, Inga / Graichen, Luise / Moldenhauer, Anna-Sophie / Winkler, Martin S. / Lier, Martin / Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra / Jäck, Hans-Martin / Behrens, Georg M.N. / Pöhlmann, Stefan

Cell. 2022 Feb. 03, v. 185, no. 3

2022

Abstract: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant suggests that the virus might become globally dominant. Further, the high number of mutations in the viral spike protein raised concerns that the virus might evade antibodies induced by infection or ... ...

Abstract	The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant suggests that the virus might become globally dominant. Further, the high number of mutations in the viral spike protein raised concerns that the virus might evade antibodies induced by infection or vaccination. Here, we report that the Omicron spike was resistant against most therapeutic antibodies but remained susceptible to inhibition by sotrovimab. Similarly, the Omicron spike evaded neutralization by antibodies from convalescent patients or individuals vaccinated with the BioNTech-Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) with 12- to 44-fold higher efficiency than the spike of the Delta variant. Neutralization of the Omicron spike by antibodies induced upon heterologous ChAdOx1 (Astra Zeneca-Oxford)/BNT162b2 vaccination or vaccination with three doses of BNT162b2 was more efficient, but the Omicron spike still evaded neutralization more efficiently than the Delta spike. These findings indicate that most therapeutic antibodies will be ineffective against the Omicron variant and that double immunization with BNT162b2 might not adequately protect against severe disease induced by this variant.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; disease severity ; neutralization ; vaccination ; vaccines ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0203
Size	p. 447-456.e11.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.032
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Article ; Online: Virological traits of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.87.1 lineage

Zhang, Lu / Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra / Nehlmeier, Inga / Kempf, Amy / Graichen, Luise / Calderon Hampel, Noemi / Cossmann, Anne / Stankov, Metodi V. / Morillas Ramos, Gema / Schulz, Sebastian R. / Jaeck, Hans-Martin / Behrens, Georg M.N. / Poehlmann, Stefan / Hoffmann, Markus

bioRxiv

Abstract: The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.87.1 lineage was recently detected in South Africa, but its transmissibility is unknown. Here, we report that BA.2.87.1 efficiently enters human cells but is more sensitive to antibody-mediated neutralization than the ... ...

Abstract	The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.87.1 lineage was recently detected in South Africa, but its transmissibility is unknown. Here, we report that BA.2.87.1 efficiently enters human cells but is more sensitive to antibody-mediated neutralization than the currently dominating JN.1 variant. Acquisition of adaptive mutations might thus be needed for high transmissibility.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2024.02.27.582254
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: ACE2-independent sarbecovirus cell entry is supported by TMPRSS2-related enzymes and reduces sensitivity to antibody-mediated neutralization

Zhang, Lu / Cheng, Hsiu-Hsin / Krüger, Nadine / Hörnich, Bojan / Graichen, Luise / Hahn, Alexander S. / Schulz, Sebastian R. / Jäck, Hans-Martin / Stankov, Metodi V. / Behrens, Georg M.N. / Müller, Marcel A. / Drosten, Christian / Mörer, Onnen / Winkler, Martin Sebastian / Qian, ZhaoHui / Pöhlmann, Stefan / Hoffmann, Markus

bioRxiv

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, demonstrated that zoonotic transmission of animal sarbecoviruses threatens human health but the determinants of transmission are incompletely understood. Here, we show that most spike (S) proteins of horseshoe ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, demonstrated that zoonotic transmission of animal sarbecoviruses threatens human health but the determinants of transmission are incompletely understood. Here, we show that most spike (S) proteins of horseshoe bat and Malayan pangolin sarbecoviruses employ ACE2 for entry, with human and raccoon dog ACE2 exhibiting broad receptor activity. The insertion of a multibasic cleavage site into the S proteins increased entry into human lung cells driven by most S proteins tested, suggesting that acquisition of a multibasic cleavage site might increase infectivity of diverse animal sarbecoviruses for the human respiratory tract. In contrast, two bat sarbecovirus S proteins drove cell entry in an ACE2-independent, trypsin-dependent fashion and several ACE2-dependent S proteins could switch to the ACE2-independent entry pathway when exposed to trypsin. Several TMPRSS2-related cellular proteases but not the insertion of a multibasic cleavage site into the S protein allowed for ACE2-independent entry in the absence of trypsin and may support viral spread in the respiratory tract. Finally, the pan-sarbecovirus antibody S2H97 enhanced cell entry driven by two S proteins and this effect was reversed by trypsin. Similarly, plasma from quadruple vaccinated individuals neutralized entry driven by all S proteins studied, and use of the ACE2-independent, trypsin-dependent pathway reduced neutralization sensitivity. In sum, our study reports a pathway for entry into human cells that is ACE2-independent, supported by TMPRSS2-related proteases and associated with antibody evasion.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2024.04.18.590061
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Migrant healthcare workers during COVID-19: bringing an intersectional health system-related approach into pandemic protection. A German case study

Kuhlmann, Ellen / Ungureanu, Marius-Ionut / Behrens, Georg MN / Cossmann, Anne / Fehr, Leonie Mac / Klawitter, Sandra / Mikuteit, Marie / Müller, Frank / Thilo, Nancy / Brînzac, Monica Georgina / Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra

medRxiv

Abstract: Introduction. Migrant healthcare workers played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic, but data are lacking especially for high-resourced European healthcare systems. This study aims to research migrant healthcare workers through an ... ...

Abstract	Introduction. Migrant healthcare workers played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic, but data are lacking especially for high-resourced European healthcare systems. This study aims to research migrant healthcare workers through an intersectional health system-related approach, using Germany as a case study. Methods. An intersectional research framework was created and a rapid scoping study performed. Secondary analysis of selected items taken from two COVID-19 surveys was undertaken to compare perceptions of national and foreign-born healthcare workers, using descriptive statistics. Results. Available research is focused on worst-case pandemic scenarios of Brazil and the United Kingdom, highlighting racialised discrimination and higher risks of migrant healthcare workers. The German data did not reveal significant differences between national-born and foreign-born healthcare workers for items related to health status including SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, and perception of infection risk, protective workplace measures, and government measures, but items related to social participation and work conditions with higher infection risk indicate a higher burden of migrant healthcare workers. Conclusions. COVID-19 pandemic policy must include migrant healthcare workers, but simply adding the migration status is not enough. We introduce an intersectional health systems-related approach to understand how pandemic policies create social inequalities and how the protection of migrant healthcare workers may be improved.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-30
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.01.28.23285135
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Similar humoral immune responses in peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis patients after two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2.

Patecki, Margret / Merscher, Sybille / Dumann, Hubert / Bernhardt, Wanja / Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra / Cossmann, Anne / Stankov, Metodi V / Einecke, Gunilla / Haller, Hermann / Schlieper, Georg / Behrens, Georg Mn

Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis

2021 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 100–101

MeSH term(s)	BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	645010-6
ISSN	1718-4304 ; 0896-8608
ISSN (online)	1718-4304
ISSN	0896-8608
DOI	10.1177/08968608211055631
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of infectious diseases, immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases and chronic medical conditions among Ukrainian refugees in Germany - A cross sectional study from the German Network University Medicine (NUM).

Brinkmann, Folke / Friedrichs, Anette / Behrens, Georg Mn / Behrens, Pia / Berner, Reinhard / Caliebe, Amke / Denkinger, Claudia M / Giesbrecht, Katharina / Gussew, Alexander / Hoffmann, Anna Theresa / Hojenski, Leonhard / Hovardovska, Olga / Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra / Kaasch, Achim J / Kobbe, Robin / Kraus, Monika / Lindner, Andreas / Maier, Christoph / Mitrov, Lazar /

Nauck, Matthias / de Miranda, Susana Nunes / Scherer, Margarete / Schmiedel, Yvonne / Stahl, Dana / Timmesfeld, Nina / Toepfner, Nicole / Vehreschild, Janne / Wohlgemuth, Walter A / Petersmann, Astrid / Vehreschild, Maria J G T

Journal of infection and public health

2024 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 642–649

Abstract: Background: Vulnerability to infectious diseases in refugees is dependent on country of origin, flight routes, and conditions. Information on specific medical needs of different groups of refugees is lacking. We assessed the prevalence of infectious ... ...

Abstract	Background: Vulnerability to infectious diseases in refugees is dependent on country of origin, flight routes, and conditions. Information on specific medical needs of different groups of refugees is lacking. We assessed the prevalence of infectious diseases, immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases, and chronic medical conditions in children, adolescents, and adult refugees from Ukraine who arrived in Germany in 2022. Methods: Using different media, we recruited Ukrainian refugees at 13 sites between 9-12/2022. An antigen test for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, serologies for a range of vaccine-preventable diseases, as well as interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) for tuberculosis (TB), and SARS-CoV-2 were performed. We assessed personal and family history of chronic medical conditions, infectious diseases, vaccination status, and conditions during migration. Results: Overall, 1793 refugees (1401 adults and 392 children/adolescents) were included. Most participants were females (n = 1307; 72·3%) and from Eastern or Southern Ukraine. TB IGRA was positive in 13% (n = 184) of the adults and in 2% (n = 7) of the children. Serology-based immunological response was insufficient in approximately 21% (360/1793) of the participants for measles, 32% (572/1793) for diphtheria, and 74% (1289/1793) for hepatitis B. Conclusions: We show evidence of low serological response to vaccine-preventable infections and increased LTBI prevalence in Ukrainian refugees. These findings should be integrated into guidelines for screening and treatment of infectious diseases in migrants and refugees in Germany and Europe. Furthermore, low immunity for vaccine-preventable diseases in Ukrainians independent of their refugee status, calls for tailor-made communication efforts.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Refugees ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Prevalence ; Vaccine-Preventable Diseases ; Universities ; Germany/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Eastern European People
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2467587-8
ISSN	1876-035X ; 1876-0341
ISSN (online)	1876-035X
ISSN	1876-0341
DOI	10.1016/j.jiph.2024.02.003
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Perceived versus proven SARS-CoV-2 specific immune responses in health care workers

Behrens, Georg MN / Cossmann, Anne / Stankov, Metodi V / Witte, Torsten / Ernst, Diana / Happle, Christine / Jablonka, Alexandra

Abstract: Uncertain rates of asymptomatic infections have raised concerns about potentially high rates of thus far undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG can be helpful in identification of asymptomatic infections. We ... ...

Abstract	Uncertain rates of asymptomatic infections have raised concerns about potentially high rates of thus far undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG can be helpful in identification of asymptomatic infections. We report baseline results of the CVOID-19 Contact (CoCo) Study, which follows 217 frontline healthcare workers at a university hospital and performs weekly SARS-CoV-2 specific serology (IgA/IgG). The majority of participants had direct contact to patients with infectious respiratory diseases. Study participants estimated their personal likelihood of having had a SARS-CoV-2 infection with a mean of 20.9% (range 0 to 90%). In contrast, anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgG prevalence was in the range of 1-2% among health care workers. The CoCo Study is not fully representative for other hospitals and the sensitivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in low prevalence conditions may require further improvement. Taken together, low rates of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in healthcare workers in Northern Germany are in sharp contrast to the high personal risk perception. Regular anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG testing of health-care workers may aid in monitoring the pandemic, assessing the quality of immune responses, directing resources for protective measures, and assuring CVID-19 care in the long run.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	MedRxiv; WHO
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	WHO #Covidence: #20094524
DOI	10.1101/2020.05.12.20094524
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Protocol for longitudinal assessment of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in healthcare professionals in Hannover, Germa-ny: the prospective, longitudinal, observational COVID-19 Contact (CoCo) study

Jablonka, Alexandra / Happle, Christine / Cossmann, Anne / Strankov, Metodi V / Zychlinsky Scharff, Anna / Ernst, Diana / Behrens, Georg MN

medRxiv

Abstract: Objectives: Healthcare professionals (HCP) are at the frontline of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Serological screening is used to identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevalence, but many questions ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Healthcare professionals (HCP) are at the frontline of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Serological screening is used to identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevalence, but many questions regarding infection risk and utility of serological testing amongst HCP remain unanswered. To improve this, we initiated the COVID-19 Contact (CoCo) study. Design and setting: The CoCo study is an ongoing, prospective, longitudinal, observational study at Hannover Medical School, a large university hospital in Northern Germany and affili-ated care providers. Since March 2020, it monitors anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses and collects information on symptoms of infection, work, home and self-perceived infection risk. Participants: More than 1250 male and female HCP are enrolled. Inclusion criteria are (1) working as HCP in clinical care at our university, affiliated hospitals or private practices, (2) written informed consent, (3) age >18 years. Exclusion criteria are (1) refusal to give informed consent, (2) contraindication to venepuncture. Sampling/Intervention: Study participants provide samples weekly to six-monthly (7.5 ml serum and 7.5 ml EDTA blood) and fill out a questionnaire. Sera are screened for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 1 (S1) immunoglobulin G (IgG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive or borderline positive samples are re-assessed with an alternative test. Individual results are made available for each participant online via a dedicated study website. This study also compares different serological testing assays and explores further humoral and cellular immune markers. Study protocols are continually adapted to the evolving situation of the pandemic. Conclusions: This ongoing prospective study aims to answer central questions on the prev-alence and kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2-humoral immune responses and validity of serologi-cal testing of HCP in a region with comparably high healthcare standards and low COVID-19 prevalence. Therefore, our results may be relevant to other regions around the world in man-aging this unprecedented situation.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-04
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.12.02.20242479
Database	COVID19

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