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  1. Article ; Online: Contextual effects: how to, and how not to, quantify them.

    Saueressig, Tobias / Pedder, Hugo / Owen, Patrick J / Belavy, Daniel L

    BMC medical research methodology

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 35

    Abstract: The importance of contextual effects and their roles in clinical care controversial. A Cochrane review published in 2010 concluded that placebo interventions lack important clinical effects overall, but that placebo interventions can influence patient- ... ...

    Abstract The importance of contextual effects and their roles in clinical care controversial. A Cochrane review published in 2010 concluded that placebo interventions lack important clinical effects overall, but that placebo interventions can influence patient-reported outcomes such as pain and nausea. However, systematic reviews published after 2010 estimated greater contextual effects than the Cochrane review, which stems from the inappropriate methods employed to quantify contextual effects. The effects of medical interventions (i.e., the total treatment effect) can be divided into three components: specific, contextual, and non-specific. We propose that the most effective method for quantifying the magnitude of contextual effects is to calculate the difference in outcome measures between a group treated with placebo and a non-treated control group. Here, we show that other methods, such as solely using the placebo control arm or calculation of a 'proportional contextual effect,' are limited and should not be applied. The aim of this study is to provide clear guidance on best practices for estimating contextual effects in clinical research.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2041362-2
    ISSN 1471-2288 ; 1471-2288
    ISSN (online) 1471-2288
    ISSN 1471-2288
    DOI 10.1186/s12874-024-02152-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Common issues of systematic reviews in the sports and exercise medicine field.

    Memon, Aamir Raoof / Owen, Patrick J / Anderson, Nash / Verhagen, Evert / Mundell, Niamh L / Belavy, Daniel L

    BMJ open sport & exercise medicine

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) e001784

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2817580-3
    ISSN 2055-7647
    ISSN 2055-7647
    DOI 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of Exercise Interventions for Preventing Neck Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

    Teichert, Florian / Karner, Vera / Döding, Rebekka / Saueressig, Tobias / Owen, Patrick J / Belavy, Daniel L

    The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) 594–609

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE: ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVE:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Neck Pain/prevention & control ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Exercise ; Pain Management ; Exercise Therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604640-x
    ISSN 1938-1344 ; 0190-6011
    ISSN (online) 1938-1344
    ISSN 0190-6011
    DOI 10.2519/jospt.2023.12063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep in chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

    Craige, Emma A / Memon, Aamir R / Belavy, Daniel L / Vincent, Grace E / Owen, Patrick J

    Sleep medicine reviews

    2023  Volume 68, Page(s) 101761

    Abstract: Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and adults with chronic low back pain (≥12weeks) commonly experience sleep impairments (e.g., insomnia, sleep disturbance). This study examined the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on ... ...

    Abstract Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and adults with chronic low back pain (≥12weeks) commonly experience sleep impairments (e.g., insomnia, sleep disturbance). This study examined the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep in adults with chronic low back pain. Six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CENTRAL) were searched from inception to 2 June 2021 for randomised controlled trials. Pairwise random-effect meta-analysis estimated standardised mean difference (Hedges' g) at end-of-intervention follow-up. Nineteen studies (participants: 1348) were included. When compared to control, non-pharmacological interventions improved sleep (g [95%CI]: -0.33 [-0.56, -0.11], p = 0.004, small effect, I
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Low Back Pain/therapy ; Bias ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders/therapy ; Chronic Pain/therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1414211-9
    ISSN 1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
    ISSN (online) 1532-2955
    ISSN 1087-0792
    DOI 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101761
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    Zs.A 5901: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  5. Article ; Online: Boosting treatment outcomes via the patient-practitioner relationship, treatment-beliefs or therapeutic setting. A systematic review with meta-analysis of contextual effects in chronic musculoskeletal pain.

    Saueressig, Tobias / Owen, Patrick J / Pedder, Hugo / Arora, Nitin Kumar / Simons, Marieke / Kaczorowski, Svenja / Miller, Clint T / Donath, Lars / Belavy, Daniel L

    The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy

    2024  , Page(s) 1–51

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE: ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVE:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 604640-x
    ISSN 1938-1344 ; 0190-6011
    ISSN (online) 1938-1344
    ISSN 0190-6011
    DOI 10.2519/jospt.2024.12259
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Response to "Comment on 'The importance of context (placebo effects) in conservative interventions for musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials' by Saueressig et al."

    Saueressig, Tobias / Owen, Patrick J / Pedder, Hugo / Tagliaferri, Scott / Kaczorowski, Svenja / Miller, Clint T / Donath, Lars / Belavy, Daniel L

    European journal of pain (London, England)

    2024  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 857–858

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Musculoskeletal Pain/therapy ; Placebo Effect ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1390424-3
    ISSN 1532-2149 ; 1090-3801
    ISSN (online) 1532-2149
    ISSN 1090-3801
    DOI 10.1002/ejp.2252
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    Zs.A 5194: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Comment on Matsumura et al.: Changes in water content of intervertebral discs and paravertebral muscles before and after bed rest.

    Belavý, Daniel L

    Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association

    2014  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 693–694

    MeSH term(s) Body Fluid Compartments ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc/physiology ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-07
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1314243-4
    ISSN 1436-2023 ; 0949-2658
    ISSN (online) 1436-2023
    ISSN 0949-2658
    DOI 10.1007/s00776-014-0582-7
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    Zs.A 4484: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Do successful PhD outcomes reflect the research environment rather than academic ability?

    Belavy, Daniel L / Owen, Patrick J / Livingston, Patricia M

    PloS one

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e0236327

    Abstract: Maximising research productivity is a major focus for universities world-wide. Graduate research programs are an important driver of research outputs. Choosing students with the greatest likelihood of success is considered a key part of improving ... ...

    Abstract Maximising research productivity is a major focus for universities world-wide. Graduate research programs are an important driver of research outputs. Choosing students with the greatest likelihood of success is considered a key part of improving research outcomes. There has been little empirical investigation of what factors drive the outcomes from a student's PhD and whether ranking procedures are effective in student selection. Here we show that, the research environment had a decisive influence: students who conducted research in one of the University's priority research areas and who had experienced, research-intensive, supervisors had significantly better outcomes from their PhD in terms of number of manuscripts published, citations, average impact factor of journals published in, and reduced attrition rates. In contrast, students' previous academic outcomes and research training was unrelated to outcomes. Furthermore, students who received a scholarship to support their studies generated significantly more publications in higher impact journals, their work was cited more often and they were less likely to withdraw from their PhD. The findings suggest that experienced supervisors researching in a priority research area facilitate PhD student productivity. The findings question the utility of assigning PhD scholarships solely on the basis of student academic merit, once minimum entry requirements are met. Given that citations, publication numbers and publications in higher ranked journals drive university rankings, and that publications from PhD student contribute approximately one-third of all research outputs from universities, strengthening research infrastructure and supervision teams may be more important considerations for maximising the contribution of PhD students to a university's international standing.
    MeSH term(s) Academic Dissertations as Topic ; Academic Success ; Achievement ; Education, Graduate ; Humans ; Journal Impact Factor ; Periodicals as Topic ; Research ; Students ; Universities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0236327
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  9. Article: The Interaction Between Psychosocial Factors and Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia in Pain-Free Nurses.

    Johnsen, Kristian / Owen, Patrick J / Tagliaferri, Scott D / Van Oosterwijck, Jessica / Fitzgibbon, Bernadette M / Ford, Jon J / Belavy, Daniel L / Miller, Clint T

    Journal of pain research

    2023  Volume 16, Page(s) 529–541

    Abstract: Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether psychosocial factors were predictive for exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) in pain-free adults.: Methods: A sample of 38 pain-free nurses with a mean (SD) age of 26 (6) years were ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether psychosocial factors were predictive for exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) in pain-free adults.
    Methods: A sample of 38 pain-free nurses with a mean (SD) age of 26 (6) years were included in this study. Participants completed psychosocial questionnaires prior to physical tests. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed bilaterally at the calves (local), lower back (semi-local) and forearm (remote) before and immediately after a maximal graded cycling exercise test. Separate linear mixed effects models were used to determine change in PPT before and after cycling exercise (EIH). Multiple linear regression for all psychosocial variables and best subset regression was used to identify predictors of EIH at all locations.
    Results: The relative mean increase in PPT at the forearm, lumbar, calf, and globally (all sites pooled) was 6.0% (p<0.001), 10.1% (p<0.001), 13.9% (p<0.001), and 10.2% (p=0.013), respectively. Separate best subset multiple linear regression models at the forearm (predictors; Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) total), lumbar (predictors; MSPSS total, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) total, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) depression), calf (predictors; MSPSS friends, PCS total), and global (predictors; MSPSS friends, PCS total) accounted for 7.5% (p=0.053), 13% (p=0.052), 24% (p=0.003), and 17% (p=0.015) of the variance, respectively.
    Conclusion: These findings confirm that cycling exercise produced EIH in young nurses and provided preliminary evidence to support the interaction between perceived social support, pain catastrophizing and EIH. Further investigation is required to better understand psychological and social factors that mediate EIH on a larger sample of adults at high risk of developing chronic musculoskeletal pain.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2495284-9
    ISSN 1178-7090
    ISSN 1178-7090
    DOI 10.2147/JPR.S386440
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  10. Article ; Online: Does adding exercise or physical activity to pharmacological osteoporosis therapy in patients with increased fracture risk improve bone mineral density and lower fracture risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Schumm, Ann-Kathrin / Craige, Emma A / Arora, Nitin Kumar / Owen, Patrick J / Mundell, Niamh L / Buehring, Bjoern / Maus, Uwe / Belavy, Daniel L

    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA

    2023  Volume 34, Issue 11, Page(s) 1867–1880

    Abstract: This prospectively registered systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether exercise (EX) training has an additive effect to osteoanabolic and/or antiresorptive pharmacological therapy (PT) in people with osteoporosis on bone mineral density (BMD), ...

    Abstract This prospectively registered systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether exercise (EX) training has an additive effect to osteoanabolic and/or antiresorptive pharmacological therapy (PT) in people with osteoporosis on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), fracture healing, and fractures. Four databases (inception to 6 May 2022), 5 trial registries, and reference lists were searched. Included were randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of EX + PT vs. PT with regard to BMD, BTM, fracture healing, and fractures. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 and certainty of evidence by the GRADE approach. Random-effects meta-analysis with Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman adjustment was used to estimate standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. Out of 2593 records, five RCTs with 530 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed with very low certainty evidence and wide confidence intervals that EX + PT compared to PT had larger effect sizes for BMD at 12 months at the hip (SMD [95%CI]: 0.18 [- 1.71; 2.06], n = 3 studies), tibia (0.25 [- 4.85; 5.34], n = 2), lumbar spine (0.20 [- 1.15; 1.55], n = 4), and forearm (0.05 [- 0.35; 0.46], n = 3), but not femoral neck (- 0.03 [- 1.80; 1.75], n = 3). Furthermore, no improvement was revealed for BTM such as bone ALP (- 0.68 [- 5.88; 4.53], n = 3), PINP (- 0.74 [- 10.42; 8.93], n = 2), and CTX-I (- 0.69 [- 9.61; 8.23], n = 2), but with very wide confidence intervals. Three potentially relevant ongoing trials were identified via registries. No data were found for fracture healing or fracture outcomes. It remains unclear whether EX has an additive impact to PT in people with osteoporosis. High-quality, adequately powered, targetted RCTs are required. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022336132.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bone Density ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Fractures, Bone ; Exercise ; Lumbar Vertebrae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1064892-6
    ISSN 1433-2965 ; 0937-941X
    ISSN (online) 1433-2965
    ISSN 0937-941X
    DOI 10.1007/s00198-023-06829-0
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