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  1. Article ; Online: The epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

    Bellentani, Stefano

    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

    2017  Volume 37 Suppl 1, Page(s) 81–84

    Abstract: The increase in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and the imminent disappearance of chronic viral hepatitis thanks to new and effective therapies is motivating hepatologists to change their clinical approach to chronic liver disease. NAFLD- ... ...

    Abstract The increase in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and the imminent disappearance of chronic viral hepatitis thanks to new and effective therapies is motivating hepatologists to change their clinical approach to chronic liver disease. NAFLD-cirrhosis or NAFLD-Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) are now the second cause of liver transplantation in the USA. This short-review is focused to the epidemiology of NAFLD/Non-alchoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), including the definition of this disease which should be revised as well discussing the prevalence, risk factors for progression, natural history and mortality. NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MS). It affects 25-30% of the general population and the risk factors are almost identical to those of MS. The natural history involves either the development of cardiovascular diseases or cirrhosis and HCC. HCC can also develop in NASH in the absence of cirrhosis (45% of cases). We conclude that an international consensus conference on the definition, natural history, policies of surveillance and new pharmacological treatments of NAFLD and NASH is urgently needed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2102783-3
    ISSN 1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
    ISSN (online) 1478-3231
    ISSN 1478-3223
    DOI 10.1111/liv.13299
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  2. Article ; Online: Is it time to change NAFLD and NASH nomenclature?

    Bellentani, Stefano / Tiribelli, Claudio

    The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology

    2017  Volume 2, Issue 8, Page(s) 547–548

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/classification ; Terminology as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-1253
    ISSN (online) 2468-1253
    DOI 10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30146-2
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  3. Article ; Online: Nutraceutical Approach to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): The Available Clinical Evidence.

    Cicero, Arrigo F G / Colletti, Alessandro / Bellentani, Stefano

    Nutrients

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by lipid infiltration of the liver, highly prevalent in the general population affecting 25% of adults, with a doubled prevalence in diabetic and obese patients. Almost 1/3 ... ...

    Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by lipid infiltration of the liver, highly prevalent in the general population affecting 25% of adults, with a doubled prevalence in diabetic and obese patients. Almost 1/3 of NAFLD evolves in Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis (NASH), and this can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. However, the main causes of mortality of patients with NAFLD are cardiovascular diseases. At present, there are no specific drugs approved on the market for the treatment of NAFLD, and the treatment is essentially based on optimization of lifestyle. However, some nutraceuticals could contribute to the improvement of lipid infiltration of the liver and of the related anthropometric, haemodynamic, and/or biochemical parameters. The aim of this paper is to review the available clinical data on the effect of nutraceuticals on NAFLD and NAFLD-related parameters. Relatively few nutraceutical molecules have been adequately studied for their effects on NAFLD. Among these, we have analysed in detail the effects of silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series, astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, berberine, curcumin, resveratrol, extracts of
    MeSH term(s) Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Berberine/pharmacology ; Curcumin/pharmacology ; Dietary Supplements ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology ; Humans ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/therapy ; Obesity/therapy ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Probiotics/administration & dosage ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Resveratrol/pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry ; Silymarin/pharmacology ; Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives ; Ubiquinone/pharmacology ; Vitamin D/pharmacology ; Vitamin E/pharmacology ; Xanthophylls/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Plant Extracts ; Silymarin ; Xanthophylls ; Berberine (0I8Y3P32UF) ; Ubiquinone (1339-63-5) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Vitamin E (1406-18-4) ; astaxanthine (8XPW32PR7I) ; coenzyme Q10 (EJ27X76M46) ; Curcumin (IT942ZTH98) ; Resveratrol (Q369O8926L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10091153
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  4. Article: Viewpoint: "Alcohol Consumption in Late Adolescence is Associated with an Increased Risk of Severe Liver Disease Later in Life".

    Tamburello, Adriana / Marando, Marco / Bellentani, Stefano

    Annals of hepatology

    2018  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 343–344

    Abstract: Drinking alcohol during adolescence predispose to severe liver disease in the adult phase. This is the main message of this prospective study. Each daily gram of alcohol men consumed in their youth was linked with a two percent increase in the risk of ... ...

    Abstract Drinking alcohol during adolescence predispose to severe liver disease in the adult phase. This is the main message of this prospective study. Each daily gram of alcohol men consumed in their youth was linked with a two percent increase in the risk of severe liver disease. No threshold level emerged for liver damage and this is a warning for all the sociologists and politics. New legiferation and educational campaigns addressed to young people, with particular attention to the access to alcohol, prices and advertising are necessary.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Male ; Prospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-09
    Publishing country Mexico
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2188733-0
    ISSN 1665-2681
    ISSN 1665-2681
    DOI 10.5604/01.3001.0011.7379
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Two drinks per day does not take your fatty liver away.

    Bellentani, Stefano / Bedogni, Giorgio / Tiribelli, Claudio

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2018  Volume 67, Issue 6, Page(s) 2072–2073

    MeSH term(s) Carbonated Beverages ; Fatty Liver ; Food ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.29753
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    Zs.A 1660: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: Nutraceutical Approach to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): The Available Clinical Evidence

    Cicero, Arrigo F. G / Colletti, Alessandro / Bellentani, Stefano

    Nutrients. 2018 Aug. 23, v. 10, no. 9

    2018  

    Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by lipid infiltration of the liver, highly prevalent in the general population affecting 25% of adults, with a doubled prevalence in diabetic and obese patients. Almost 1/3 ... ...

    Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by lipid infiltration of the liver, highly prevalent in the general population affecting 25% of adults, with a doubled prevalence in diabetic and obese patients. Almost 1/3 of NAFLD evolves in Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis (NASH), and this can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. However, the main causes of mortality of patients with NAFLD are cardiovascular diseases. At present, there are no specific drugs approved on the market for the treatment of NAFLD, and the treatment is essentially based on optimization of lifestyle. However, some nutraceuticals could contribute to the improvement of lipid infiltration of the liver and of the related anthropometric, haemodynamic, and/or biochemical parameters. The aim of this paper is to review the available clinical data on the effect of nutraceuticals on NAFLD and NAFLD-related parameters. Relatively few nutraceutical molecules have been adequately studied for their effects on NAFLD. Among these, we have analysed in detail the effects of silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series, astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, berberine, curcumin, resveratrol, extracts of Salvia milthiorriza, and probiotics. In conclusion, Silymarin, vitamin E and vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series, coenzyme Q10, berberine and curcumin, if well dosed and administered for medium–long periods, and associated to lifestyle changes, could exert positive effects on NAFLD and NAFLD-related parameters.
    Keywords Salvia ; adults ; astaxanthin ; berberine ; cardiovascular diseases ; coenzyme Q10 ; curcumin ; dietary supplements ; drugs ; fatty liver ; fibrosis ; hemodynamics ; lifestyle ; liver ; markets ; mortality ; patients ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; probiotics ; resveratrol ; silymarin ; vitamin D ; vitamin E
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0823
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu10091153
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Immunomodulating and anti-apoptotic action of ursodeoxycholic acid: where are we and where should we go?

    Bellentani, Stefano

    European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology

    2004  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 137–140

    Abstract: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is currently used in clinical practice worldwide not only for the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones, but also, mainly, to treat patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of action of UDCA at ...

    Abstract Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is currently used in clinical practice worldwide not only for the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones, but also, mainly, to treat patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of action of UDCA at the hepatocyte and cholangiolyte levels are still not completely understood. Much progress has been made from the first concept that the only mechanism of action of this bile acid was its choleretic action. One of the most fascinating mechanisms of action that was evoked for UDCA is its immunomodulating and anti-apoptotic action, which could, in part, be explained by its interaction with the glucocorticoid nuclear receptor at the hepatocyte level. Glucocorticoids, whose prototype is dexamethasone, are the major ligands of the glucocorticoid receptor. The biological effects of glucocorticoids are driven by a multiple-step reaction including binding of the steroid to the glucocorticoid receptor, DNA binding, receptor transformation, nuclear translocation and either positive or negative gene transactivation. In this issue of the journal, Weitzel and co-workers clearly demonstrated that the binding of UDCA to the glucocorticoid receptor is unspecific. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic actions of UDCA should be due not only to the mild interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor, but also to transactivation or transrepression of different cytoplasmic proteins that are involved in the survival pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Hepatocytes/drug effects ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Immunologic Factors ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid (724L30Y2QR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-09-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1034239-4
    ISSN 1473-5687 ; 0954-691X
    ISSN (online) 1473-5687
    ISSN 0954-691X
    DOI 10.1097/00042737-200502000-00001
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    Zs.A 2932: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Milk thistle to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: dream or reality?

    Abenavoli, Ludovico / Bellentani, Stefano

    Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology

    2013  Volume 7, Issue 8, Page(s) 677–679

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Fatty Liver/diagnosis ; Fatty Liver/drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/pathology ; Silybum marianum ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; Plants, Medicinal ; Silybin ; Silymarin/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Plant Extracts ; Silymarin ; Silybin (4RKY41TBTF)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2481021-6
    ISSN 1747-4132 ; 1747-4124
    ISSN (online) 1747-4132
    ISSN 1747-4124
    DOI 10.1586/17474124.2013.842893
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  9. Article ; Online: Global epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: What we need in the future.

    Araújo, Ana Ruth / Rosso, Natalia / Bedogni, Giorgio / Tiribelli, Claudio / Bellentani, Stefano

    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

    2018  Volume 38 Suppl 1, Page(s) 47–51

    Abstract: The estimated prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is approximately 25%. However, the real prevalence of NAFLD and the associated disorders is unknown mainly because reliable and applicable diagnostic tests are lacking. This ... ...

    Abstract The estimated prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is approximately 25%. However, the real prevalence of NAFLD and the associated disorders is unknown mainly because reliable and applicable diagnostic tests are lacking. This is further complicated by the lack of consensus on the terminology of different entities such as NAFLD or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Although assessing fatty infiltration in the liver is simple by ultrasound, the gold standard for the assessment of fibrosis, the only marker of progression towards more severe liver disease is still liver biopsy. Although other non-invasive tests have been proposed, they must still be validated in large series. Because NAFL/NAFLD/NASH and related metabolic diseases represent an economic burden, finding an inexpensive method to diagnose and stage fatty liver is a priority. A translational approach with the use of cell and/or animal models could help to reach this goal.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers ; Biopsy, Needle ; Cost of Illness ; Disease Progression ; Global Health ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2102783-3
    ISSN 1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
    ISSN (online) 1478-3231
    ISSN 1478-3223
    DOI 10.1111/liv.13643
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  10. Article: Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Bellentani, Stefano / Baroni, Gianluca Svegliati / Piscaglia, Fabio / Tiribelli, Claudio

    Clinical liver disease

    2016  Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) 105–107

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2657644-2
    ISSN 2046-2484
    ISSN 2046-2484
    DOI 10.1002/cld.582
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