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Article ; Online: Atmospheric Deposition around the Industrial Areas of Milazzo and Priolo Gargallo (Sicily-Italy)-Part A: Major Ions.

Brugnone, Filippo / D'Alessandro, Walter / Parello, Francesco / Liotta, Marcello / Bellomo, Sergio / Prano, Vincenzo / Li Vigni, Lorenza / Sprovieri, Mario / Calabrese, Sergio

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 5

Abstract: The chemical composition of rainwater was studied in two highly-industrialised areas in Sicily (southern Italy), between June 2018 and July 2019. The study areas were characterised by large oil refining plants and other industrial hubs whose processes ... ...

Abstract	The chemical composition of rainwater was studied in two highly-industrialised areas in Sicily (southern Italy), between June 2018 and July 2019. The study areas were characterised by large oil refining plants and other industrial hubs whose processes contribute to the release of large amounts of gaseous species that can affect the chemical composition of atmospheric deposition As in most of the Mediterranean area, rainwater acidity (ranging in the study area between 3.9 and 8.3) was buffered by the dissolution of abundant geogenic carbonate aerosol. In particular, calcium and magnesium cations showed the highest pH-neutralizing factor, with ~92% of the acidity brought by SO
MeSH term(s)	Magnesium ; Sicily ; Calcium/analysis ; Fluorides ; Environmental Monitoring ; Ions ; Rain ; Chlorides ; Sulfates ; Calcium, Dietary
Chemical Substances	Magnesium (I38ZP9992A) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Fluorides (Q80VPU408O) ; Ions ; Chlorides ; Sulfates ; Calcium, Dietary
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20053898
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Article ; Online: Characterization of trace elements in thermal and mineral waters of Greece.

Li Vigni, Lorenza / Daskalopoulou, Kyriaki / Calabrese, Sergio / Kyriakopoulos, Konstantinos / Bellomo, Sergio / Brusca, Lorenzo / Brugnone, Filippo / D'Alessandro, Walter

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 32, Page(s) 78376–78393

Abstract: Natural thermal and mineral waters are widely distributed along the Hellenic region and are related to the geodynamic regime of the country. The diverse lithological and tectonic settings they are found in reflect the great variability in their chemical ... ...

Abstract	Natural thermal and mineral waters are widely distributed along the Hellenic region and are related to the geodynamic regime of the country. The diverse lithological and tectonic settings they are found in reflect the great variability in their chemical and isotopic composition. The current study presents 276 (published and unpublished) trace element water data and discusses the sources and processes affecting the water by taking into consideration the framework of their geographic distribution. The dataset is divided in groups using temperature- and pH-related criteria. Results yield a wide range of concentrations, often related to the solubility properties of the individual elements and the factors impacting them (i.e. temperature, acidity, redox conditions and salinity). Many elements (e.g. alkalis, Ti, Sr, As and Tl) present a good correlation with temperature, which is in cases impacted by water rock interactions, while others (e.g. Be, Al, Cu, Se, Cd) exhibit either no relation or an inverse correlation with T possibly because they become oversaturated at higher temperatures in solid phases. A moderately constant inverse correlation is noticed for the vast majority of trace elements and pH, whereas no relationship between trace element concentrations and Eh was found. Seawater contamination and water-rock interaction seem to be the main natural processes that influence both salinity and elemental content. All in all, Greek thermomineral waters exceed occasionally the accepted limits representing in such cases serious harm to the environment and probably indirectly (through the water cycle) to human health.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Trace Elements/analysis ; Greece ; Mineral Waters ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Seawater ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Chemical Substances	Trace Elements ; Mineral Waters ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-27829-x
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Article: Fluorine adsorption by volcanic soils at Mt. Etna, Italy

D’Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Parello, Francesco

Applied geochemistry. 2012 June, v. 27, no. 6

2012

Abstract: Fluorine adsorption experiments were performed on 28 samples of the first 5cm of topsoil collected on the flanks of Mt. Etna. The soil samples were equilibrated with F-rich rainwater (3.25mg/L) at a soil/water weight ratio of 1/25. Aliquots of the ... ...

Abstract	Fluorine adsorption experiments were performed on 28 samples of the first 5cm of topsoil collected on the flanks of Mt. Etna. The soil samples were equilibrated with F-rich rainwater (3.25mg/L) at a soil/water weight ratio of 1/25. Aliquots of the supernatant were collected after 1, 7, 72, 720 and 5640h and analysed for F content. The soil samples could be subdivided into three groups based on their F-adsorption behaviours after 1h and at the end of the experiment: (1) negative adsorption (F released from the soil to the solution) after 1h and negative or moderately positive adsorption at the end, (2) from negative after 1h to strongly positive adsorption at the end, and (3) always strong positive adsorption. The adsorption capacity of the soils was positively correlated with the soil pH, the contents of finer granulometric fractions (clay and silt) and the weathering stage (as quantified by the chemical alteration index). The most F adsorbing soils are found at the periphery of the volcano where aquifers are more vulnerable to contamination due to the shallower depth of the water table. This study further evidences the importance of the Etnean soils in protecting groundwater from an excessive magmatic F input.
Keywords	adsorption ; aquifers ; clay ; correlation ; fluorine ; geochemistry ; groundwater ; rain ; silt ; soil pH ; soil sampling ; soil solution ; topsoil ; volcanic soils ; water table ; weathering ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-06
Size	p. 1179-1188.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1499242-5
ISSN	0883-2927
ISSN	0883-2927
DOI	10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.02.028
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Article: Fluorine speciation in topsoils of three active volcanoes of Sicily (Italy)

D'Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Parello, Francesco

Environmental geology. 2008 Nov., v. 56, no. 2

2008

Abstract: Fluorine is one of the many environmental harmful elements released by volcanic activity. The content of total oxalate-extractable and water-extractable fluorine was determined in 96 topsoils of three active volcanic systems of southern Italy (Mt Etna, ... ...

Abstract	Fluorine is one of the many environmental harmful elements released by volcanic activity. The content of total oxalate-extractable and water-extractable fluorine was determined in 96 topsoils of three active volcanic systems of southern Italy (Mt Etna, Stromboli and Vulcano). Total fluorine (F) content (F TOT) ranges from 112 to 7,430 mg kg⁻¹, F extracted with oxalate (F OX) ranges from 16 to 2,320 mg kg⁻¹ (2-93% of F TOT) and F extracted with distilled water ( [graphic removed] ) ranges from 1.7 to 159 mg kg⁻¹ (0.2-40 % of F TOT). Fluorine in the sampled topsoils derives both from the weathering of volcanic rocks and ashes and from the enhanced deposition due to volcanic gas emissions either from open-conduit passive degassing (Mt Etna and Stromboli) or from a fumarolic field (Vulcano). Fluorine accumulation in the studied soils does not generally present particular environmental issues except for a few anomalous sites at Vulcano, where measured contents could be dangerous both for vegetation and for grazing animals.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2008-11
Size	p. 413-423.
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publishing place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1459034-7
ISSN	1432-0495 ; 0943-0105
ISSN (online)	1432-0495
ISSN	0943-0105
DOI	10.1007/s00254-007-1179-7
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Article ; Online: Large compositional differences in the gases released from the Kizildag ophiolitic body (Turkey)

D'Alessandro, Walter / Yuce, Galip / Italiano, Francesco / Bellomo, Sergio / Gülbay, Ahmet H. / Yasin, Didem U. / Gagliano, Antonina Lisa

Evidences of prevailingly abiogenic origin

2018

Abstract: Highlights • Gases collected from dry seepages and bubbling or dissolved in springs of the ophiolitic body of Kizildag (Turkey). • Large compositional variation (H2- CH4 or N2-dominated) • Hydrogen derives from low temperature serpentinization processes • ...

Abstract	Highlights • Gases collected from dry seepages and bubbling or dissolved in springs of the ophiolitic body of Kizildag (Turkey). • Large compositional variation (H2- CH4 or N2-dominated) • Hydrogen derives from low temperature serpentinization processes • Methane mainly derives from abiotic processes • Large isotopic fractionation of methane at one site due to biological oxidation Abstract We investigated the geochemical features of the gases released from the Kizildag ophiolitic complex (Hatay, Turkey). Twenty-three samples both dissolved in hyperalkaline waters and free gases (bubbling gases and dry seeps) were collected. Samples were analysed for their chemical (He, H2, O2, N2, CH4 and CO2) and isotopic (He, δ13C-CH4, δ2H-CH4, δ2H-H2) composition including the content and C-isotopic composition of C2 to C5 alkanes in free gases. Analytical results evidence H2 production through low-temperature (<80 °C) serpentinization processes and subsequent abiogenic CH4 production through Fischer-Tropsch-type reactions. In some sample small additions of methane either of microbial or of thermogenic origin can be hypothesized. At one of the sites (Kisecik) a clear fractionation pattern due to microbial methane oxidation leading to strongly enriched isotopic values (δ13C +15‰ and δ2H −68‰) and depletion in methane concentrations has been evidenced. At the dry gas seep of Kurtbagi methane flux measurements have been made and a preliminary output estimation of about 1000 kg per year has been obtained.
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Salinity variations in the water resources fed by the Etnean volcanic aquifers (Sicily, Italy): natural vs. anthropogenic causes

D'Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Bonfanti, Pietro / Brusca, Lorenzo / Longo, Manfredi

Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2011 Feb., v. 173, no. 1-4

2011

Abstract: In this paper, in an attempt to reveal possible changes connected to natural or anthropogenic causes, the main results of hydrogeochemical monitoring carried out at Mount Etna are evaluated. We report on the salinity contents of the groundwaters that ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, in an attempt to reveal possible changes connected to natural or anthropogenic causes, the main results of hydrogeochemical monitoring carried out at Mount Etna are evaluated. We report on the salinity contents of the groundwaters that flow in fractured volcanics, which make up the flanks of the volcano. These waters, analyzed for major ion chemistry, were sampled regularly from 1994 to 2004. Basing on nonparametric Sen's slope estimator, time series of groundwater composition reveal that the salinity of most of the Etnean aquifers increased by 0.5% to 3.5% each year during this period. This change in the water chemistry is clearly referable to the overexploitation of the aquifers. This increasing trend needs to be inverted urgently; otherwise, it will cause a shortage of water in the near future, because the maximum admissible concentration of salinity for drinking water will be exceeded.
Keywords	aquifers ; groundwater ; hydrochemistry ; ions ; monitoring ; saline water ; salinity ; time series analysis ; volcanoes ; Italy ; Sicily
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-02
Size	p. 431-446.
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publishing place	Dordrecht
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-010-1397-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Nitrate, sulphate and chloride contents in public drinking water supplies in Sicily, Italy

D’Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Parello, Francesco / Bonfanti, Pietro / Brusca, Lorenzo / Longo, Manfredi / Maugeri, Roberto

Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2012 May, v. 184, no. 5

2012

Abstract: Water samples collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily were analysed for electric conductivity and for their chloride, sulphate and nitrate contents. The samples were collected as uniformly as possible from throughout the Sicilian ... ...

Abstract	Water samples collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily were analysed for electric conductivity and for their chloride, sulphate and nitrate contents. The samples were collected as uniformly as possible from throughout the Sicilian territory, with an average sampling density of about one sample for every 7,600 inhabitants. Chloride contents that ranged from 5.53 to 1,302 mg/l were correlated strongly with electric conductivity, a parameter used as a proxy for water salinity. The highest values are attributable to seawater contamination along the coasts of the island. High chloride and sulphate values attributable to evaporitic rock dissolution were found in the central part of Sicily. The nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 296 mg/l, with 31 samples (4.7% of the total) exceeding the maximum admissible concentration of 50 mg/l. Anomalous samples always came from areas of intensive agricultural usage, indicating a clear anthropogenic origin. The same parameters were also measured in bottled water sold in Sicily, and they all were within the ranges for public drinking water supplies. The calculated mean nitrate intake from consuming public water supplies (16.1 mg/l) did not differ significantly from that of bottled water (15.2 mg/l). Although the quality of public water supplies needs to be improved by eliminating those that do not comply with the current drinking water limits, at present it does not justify the high consumption of bottled water (at least for nitrate contents).
Keywords	bottled water ; chlorides ; coasts ; electrical conductivity ; islands ; nitrates ; public water supply ; rocks ; saline water ; seawater ; sulfates ; water quality ; water use ; Italy ; Sicily
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-05
Size	p. 2845-2855.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-011-2155-y
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Article ; Online: Salinity variations in the water resources fed by the Etnean volcanic aquifers (Sicily, Italy): natural vs. anthropogenic causes.

D'Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Bonfanti, Pietro / Brusca, Lorenzo / Longo, Manfredi

Environmental monitoring and assessment

2010 Volume 173, Issue 1-4, Page(s) 431–446

Abstract	In this paper, in an attempt to reveal possible changes connected to natural or anthropogenic causes, the main results of hydrogeochemical monitoring carried out at Mount Etna are evaluated. We report on the salinity contents of the groundwaters that flow in fractured volcanics, which make up the flanks of the volcano. These waters, analyzed for major ion chemistry, were sampled regularly from 1994 to 2004. Basing on nonparametric Sen's slope estimator, time series of groundwater composition reveal that the salinity of most of the Etnean aquifers increased by 0.5% to 3.5% each year during this period. This change in the water chemistry is clearly referable to the overexploitation of the aquifers. This increasing trend needs to be inverted urgently; otherwise, it will cause a shortage of water in the near future, because the maximum admissible concentration of salinity for drinking water will be exceeded.
MeSH term(s)	Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Italy ; Salinity ; Sicily ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Water Supply/analysis
Chemical Substances	Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-010-1397-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Survey on fluoride, bromide and chloride contents in public drinking water supplies in Sicily (Italy)

D’Alessandro, Walter / Bellomo, Sergio / Parello, Francesco / Brusca, Lorenzo / Longo, Manfredi

Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2008 Oct., v. 145, no. 1-3

2008

Abstract: Six hundred and sixty-seven water samples were collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily and analysed for electric conductivity and for their Cl⁻, Br⁻ and F⁻ contents. The samples were, as far as possible, collected evenly over the entire ... ...

Abstract	Six hundred and sixty-seven water samples were collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily and analysed for electric conductivity and for their Cl⁻, Br⁻ and F⁻ contents. The samples were, as far as possible, collected evenly over the entire territory with an average sampling density of about one sample for every 7,600 inhabitants. The contents of Cl⁻ and Br⁻, ranging between 5.53 and 1,302 mg/l and between <0.025 and 4.76 mg/l respectively, correlated well with the electric conductivity, a parameter used as a proxy for water salinity. The highest values were found both along the NW and SE coasts, which we attributed to seawater contamination, and in the central part of Sicily, which we attributed to evaporitic rock dissolution. The fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.023 to 3.28 mg/l, while the highest values (only three exceeding the maximum admissible concentration of 1.5 mg/l) generally correlated either with the presence in the area of crystalline (volcanic or metamorphic) or evaporitic rocks or with contamination from hydrothermal activity. Apart from these limited cases of exceeding F⁻ levels, the waters of public drinking water supplies in Sicily can be considered safe for human consumption for the analysed parameters. Some limited concern could arise from the intake of bromide-rich waters (about 3% exceeding 1 mg/l) because of the potential formation of dangerous disinfection by-products.
Keywords	bromides ; byproducts ; chlorides ; disinfection ; drinking water ; electrical conductivity ; fluorides ; humans ; rocks ; sampling ; seawater ; surveys ; water salinity ; water supply ; Italy ; Sicily
Language	English
Dates of publication	2008-10
Size	p. 303-313.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-007-0039-y
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Article ; Online: Effect of solid waste landfill organic pollutants on groundwater in three areas of Sicily (Italy) characterized by different vulnerability.

Indelicato, Serena / Orecchio, Santino / Avellone, Giuseppe / Bellomo, Sergio / Ceraulo, Leopoldo / Di Leonardo, Rossella / Di Stefano, Vita / Favara, Rocco / Candela, Esterina Gagliano / La Pica, Leonardo / Morici, Sabina / Pecoraino, Giovannella / Pisciotta, Antonino / Scaletta, Claudio / Vita, Fabio / Vizzini, Salvatrice / Bongiorno, David

Environmental science and pollution research international

2017 Volume 24, Issue 20, Page(s) 16869–16882

Abstract: The aim of this study was to obtain information on the presence and levels of hazardous organic pollutants in groundwater located close to solid waste landfills. Eighty-two environmental contaminants, including 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to obtain information on the presence and levels of hazardous organic pollutants in groundwater located close to solid waste landfills. Eighty-two environmental contaminants, including 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 29 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 7 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDDs) and 10 furans (polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDFs) were monitored in areas characterised by different geological environments surrounding three municipal solid waste landfills (Palermo, Siculiana and Ragusa) in Sicily (Italy) in three sampling campaigns. The total concentrations of the 16 PAHs were always below the legal threshold. Overall, the Fl/Fl + Py diagnostic ratio revealed that PAHs had a petrogenic origin. VOC levels, except for two notable exceptions near Palermo landfill, were always below the legal limit. As concerns PCB levels, several samples were found positive with levels exceeding the legal limits. It is worth noting that the % PCB distribution differs from that of commercial compositions. In parallel, some samples of groundwater containing PCDDs and PCDFs exceeding the legal threshold were also found. Among the 17 congeners monitored, the most abundant were the highest molecular weight ones.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-017-9198-8
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