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  1. Article: Starch accumulation in bean fruit pericarp is mediated by the differentiation of chloroplasts into amyloplasts

    Belmont, Raymundo / Bernal, Lilia / Padilla-Chacón, Daniel / Coello, Patricia / Martínez-Barajas, Eleazar

    Plant science. 2022 Mar., v. 316

    2022  

    Abstract: The sucrose supply to bean fruits remains almost constant during seed development, and the early stages of this process are characterized by a significant amount of starch and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) accumulated in the pericarp. ... ...

    Abstract The sucrose supply to bean fruits remains almost constant during seed development, and the early stages of this process are characterized by a significant amount of starch and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) accumulated in the pericarp. Bean fruits are photosynthetically active; however, our results indicated that starch synthesis in the pericarp was largely dependent on the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The photosynthetic activity and the amount of the Rubisco large subunit were gradually reduced in the fruit pericarp, and a large increase in the amount of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit (AGPase SS) was observed. These changes suggested differentiation of chloroplasts into amyloplasts. Pericarp chloroplasts imported glucose 1-P to support starch synthesis, and their differentiation into amyloplasts allowed the surplus sucrose to be used in the synthesis of starch, which was later degraded to meet the needs of fast-growing seeds. Starch stored in the bean fruit pericarp was not degraded in response to drought stress, but it was rapidly used under severe nutrient restriction. Together, this work indicated that starch accumulation in the pericarp of bean fruits is important to adjust the needs of developing seeds to the amount of sucrose that is provided to fruits.
    Keywords amyloplasts ; beans ; chloroplasts ; fructose ; glucose ; glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase ; pericarp ; photosynthesis ; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ; seed development ; starch ; sucrose ; water stress
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-03
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742010-9
    ISSN 1873-2259 ; 0168-9452
    ISSN (online) 1873-2259
    ISSN 0168-9452
    DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111163
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Impact of Planting Dates and Climatic Factors on the Incidence and Severity of Sorghum Grain Mold in Morelos, Mexico.

    Montes-Belmont, R / Méndez-Ramírez, I / Flores-Moctezuma, H E / Nava-Juárez, R A

    Plant disease

    2019  Volume 87, Issue 9, Page(s) 1139–1143

    Abstract: It is difficult to develop control strategies for grain mold of sorghum because of the limited information on the epidemiology of grain mold in Mexico. The objectives of this study were to identify the fungi associated with grain mold in Morelos, Mexico, ...

    Abstract It is difficult to develop control strategies for grain mold of sorghum because of the limited information on the epidemiology of grain mold in Mexico. The objectives of this study were to identify the fungi associated with grain mold in Morelos, Mexico, and to explore the relationship among planting dates, disease development, and relative humidity and temperature. Fusarium thapsinum was isolated from 97% of the grains from field samples of infested sorghum grains in Morelos, Mexico. The influence of planting dates on the development of sorghum grain mold was determined at Tlayca, Morelos, Mexico, during the rainy seasons of 1998, 1999, and 2000. Incidence of grain mold varied annually, but disease incidence and severity were highest in 1998. Planting dates from 1 June to 13 July had the highest incidence of grain mold during the 3 years. Throughout the study, disease severity was generally low, and yield was not affected. The late planting dates in 1999 and 2000 had reduced yields due to terminal drought of the crop. Increase of disease was predicted by mean temperature, but not by mean relative humidity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 754182-x
    ISSN 0191-2917
    ISSN 0191-2917
    DOI 10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.9.1139
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Starch accumulation in bean fruit pericarp is mediated by the differentiation of chloroplasts into amyloplasts.

    Belmont, Raymundo / Bernal, Lilia / Padilla-Chacón, Daniel / Coello, Patricia / Martínez-Barajas, Eleazar

    Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology

    2021  Volume 316, Page(s) 111163

    Abstract: The sucrose supply to bean fruits remains almost constant during seed development, and the early stages of this process are characterized by a significant amount of starch and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) accumulated in the pericarp. ... ...

    Abstract The sucrose supply to bean fruits remains almost constant during seed development, and the early stages of this process are characterized by a significant amount of starch and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) accumulated in the pericarp. Bean fruits are photosynthetically active; however, our results indicated that starch synthesis in the pericarp was largely dependent on the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The photosynthetic activity and the amount of the Rubisco large subunit were gradually reduced in the fruit pericarp, and a large increase in the amount of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit (AGPase SS) was observed. These changes suggested differentiation of chloroplasts into amyloplasts. Pericarp chloroplasts imported glucose 1-P to support starch synthesis, and their differentiation into amyloplasts allowed the surplus sucrose to be used in the synthesis of starch, which was later degraded to meet the needs of fast-growing seeds. Starch stored in the bean fruit pericarp was not degraded in response to drought stress, but it was rapidly used under severe nutrient restriction. Together, this work indicated that starch accumulation in the pericarp of bean fruits is important to adjust the needs of developing seeds to the amount of sucrose that is provided to fruits.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-21
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 742010-9
    ISSN 1873-2259 ; 0168-9452
    ISSN (online) 1873-2259
    ISSN 0168-9452
    DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111163
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Spatial and temporal distribution of the zoobenthos community during the filling up period of Porto Primavera Reservoir (Paraná River, Brazil).

    Jorcin, A / Nogueira, M G / Belmont, R

    Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia

    2009  Volume 69, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–29

    Abstract: This study is part of the limnological monitoring undertaken by the Energy Company of the State of São Paulo (CESP) during the filling up process of the Porto Primavera Reservoir (Hydroelectric Power Plant Engenheiro Sérgio Motta). This reservoir, ... ...

    Abstract This study is part of the limnological monitoring undertaken by the Energy Company of the State of São Paulo (CESP) during the filling up process of the Porto Primavera Reservoir (Hydroelectric Power Plant Engenheiro Sérgio Motta). This reservoir, located in the high Paraná River between the States of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, is the fourth largest in the country. The first filling up phase started in December 1998 and the second phase in March 2001. Samples for benthic community and sediment characteristics analysis were quarterly collected between August of 1999 and November 2001 and also in August of 2002 (11 sampling campaigns). Samplings were carried out at 13 stations distributed in the reservoir, and at one point located downstream of the dam. 128 invertebrate taxa were identified, being Mollusca, Annelida, Insecta and Nematoda the dominant groups during almost the whole study period. Insecta was the best represented class (9 different orders), and Diptera contributed with higher number of taxa, 63. The exotic species of bivalve Corbicula fluminea was recorded in all sampling stations showing its great capacity to colonize new habitats in the neotropical region. Noticeable variations in the fauna density were observed, considering both different periods and locations. The maximum density of organisms (mean value of 7812 ind.m-2) was recorded in the center of the reservoir, and the minimum (mean value 9 ind.m-2) in the more lacustrine area near the dam. The greatest species richness per sample (24 taxa) was observed in the reservoir upstream (fluvial zone). The maximum diversity (Shannon-Wiener Index) per station/period, 3.82 and 3.86 bits.ind-1, were calculated in the transitional river/reservoir zone during the beginning (August 1999) and in the reservoir central zones in the end (August 2002) of the filling up period, respectively. There was no clear relation between the distribution of the different faunistic groups and the sediment granulometric characteristics. However, the decrease or even total absence of organisms was observed at stations with high organic matter concentration (>40%) in a low degradation state (coarse detritus). This fact may be related to the lack of sediment deposits, which would cause difficulties to the fixation of the benthic fauna. Additionally, in those conditions more reduced chemical conditions are expected in function of the intense decomposition process of the flooded vegetation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biodiversity ; Brazil ; Environmental Monitoring ; Invertebrates/classification ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Rivers ; Water Movements
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2036257-2
    ISSN 1678-4375 ; 1519-6984
    ISSN (online) 1678-4375
    ISSN 1519-6984
    DOI 10.1590/s1519-69842009000100003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Control of Aspergillus flavus in maize with plant essential oils and their components.

    Montes-Belmont, R / Carvajal, M

    Journal of food protection

    1998  Volume 61, Issue 5, Page(s) 616–619

    Abstract: The effects of 11 plant essential oils for maize kernel protection against Aspergillus flavus were studied. Tests were conducted to determine optimal levels of dosages for maize protection, effects of combinations of essential oils, and residual effects ... ...

    Abstract The effects of 11 plant essential oils for maize kernel protection against Aspergillus flavus were studied. Tests were conducted to determine optimal levels of dosages for maize protection, effects of combinations of essential oils, and residual effects and toxicity of essential oils to maize plants. Principal constituents of eight essential oils were tested for ability to protect maize kernels. Essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Mentha piperita (peppermint), Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (origanum), Teloxys ambrosioides (the flavoring herb epazote), Syzygium aromaticum (clove), and Thymus vulgaris (thyme) caused a total inhibition of fungal development on maize kernels. Thymol and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde significantly reduced maize grain contamination. The optimal dosage for protection of maize varied from 3 to 8%. Combinations of C. zeylanicum with the remaining oils gave efficient control. A residual effect of C. zeylanicum was detected after 4 weeks of kernel treatment. No phytotoxic effect on germination and corn growth was detected with any of these oils.
    MeSH term(s) Acrolein/analogs & derivatives ; Acrolein/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Aspergillus flavus/drug effects ; Germination/drug effects ; Plant Oils/pharmacology ; Thymol/pharmacology ; Zea mays/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Plant Oils ; Thymol (3J50XA376E) ; 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (4940G3R6HE) ; Acrolein (7864XYD3JJ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 243284-5
    ISSN 1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
    ISSN (online) 1944-9097
    ISSN 0362-028X
    DOI 10.4315/0362-028x-61.5.616
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Measurements of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the atmosphere of Mexico City.

    Baez, A P / Belmont, R / Padilla, H

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2004  Volume 89, Issue 2, Page(s) 163–167

    Abstract: Ambient levels of carbonyls were measured at the University of Mexico campus, Mexico City. Only formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were measured, since aldehydes with higher molecular weight were not detected. The most abundant aldehyde was formaldehyde, with ...

    Abstract Ambient levels of carbonyls were measured at the University of Mexico campus, Mexico City. Only formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were measured, since aldehydes with higher molecular weight were not detected. The most abundant aldehyde was formaldehyde, with an overall ratio CH3CHO/H2CO of 0.43. Maximum concentrations occurred for formaldehyde at 10:00 h while for acetaldehyde at 8:00 h. Comparing the concentration measured in this work with those in urban areas it was found that the formaldehyde and acetaldehyde levels in Mexico City are among the highest reported in the literature.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-05-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0269-7491 ; 0013-9327
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0269-7491 ; 0013-9327
    DOI 10.1016/0269-7491(94)00059-m
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The high-energy spectrum of Cygnus X–1

    Del Santo M. / Malzac J. / Belmont R. / Bouchet L. / De Cesare G.

    EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol 61, p

    corona and jet contributions

    2013  Volume 03006

    Abstract: We have analyzed six years of INTEGRAL observations of the BH binary Cygnus X-1. We report on the evolution of the physical parameters of the accretion flow across spectral transitions. In particular, we have used for the first time the new model BELM ... ...

    Abstract We have analyzed six years of INTEGRAL observations of the BH binary Cygnus X-1. We report on the evolution of the physical parameters of the accretion flow across spectral transitions. In particular, we have used for the first time the new model BELM which gives constraints on the intensity of the magnetic field in the X-ray corona of BH binaries. We have found that in the softer states, the magnetic field is at most of the order of 1E+06 G. In the harder states, if the non-thermal excess observed above a few hundred keV is produced in the same region as the bulk of the thermal Comptonization, the upper limit on the magnetic field is about 1E+05 G. On the other hand, as suggested by the recent polarization measurements, this high-energy excess may be produced in the jet: in this case the constraints on the magnetic field in the hard state are somewhat relaxed and the upper limit rises to 1E+07 G.
    Keywords Physics ; QC1-999 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Physics (General) ; DOAJ:Physics and Astronomy
    Subject code 530
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EDP Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: The algal community as an indicator of the trophic status of Lake Patzcuaro, Mexico.

    Rosas, I / Velasco, A / Belmont, R / Báez, A / Martínez, A

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2004  Volume 80, Issue 3, Page(s) 255–264

    Abstract: An evaluation of water quality and phytoplankton composition position was carried out in order to determine the trophic conditions of Lake Patzcuaro (2035 m above sea level), a high altitude tropical lake. Temperatures ranged from 15 to 23 degrees C. ... ...

    Abstract An evaluation of water quality and phytoplankton composition position was carried out in order to determine the trophic conditions of Lake Patzcuaro (2035 m above sea level), a high altitude tropical lake. Temperatures ranged from 15 to 23 degrees C. Total phosphorus and inorganic nitrogen showed a seasonal variation; highest values coincided with the rainy season (0.48 and 2.1 mg litre(-1), respectively). Dissolved oxygen ranged from 2 to 7.9 mg litre(-1) at the surface and from 0.6 to 7.3 mg litre(-1) on the bottom, the lowest values being found in shallow zones. Average transparency varied from 0.62 to 1.4 m Secchi depth. Rainfall was a primary factor in seasonal variability as it influenced both physical and biological conditions by contributing to the transport and deposition of silt, which mixed with sinking algal cells. The composition of the surface phytoplankton segregated along five major divisions comprising a total of 49 species. General seasonal patterns of dominance alternated in a sequence beginning with Bacillariophyta, through Chlorophyta to Cyanophyta. Diatoms, the dominant group from February to early June, included Melosira granulata, Stephanodiscus sp., Synedra sp. and Fragilaria sp. During the rainy season (late June to September), Microcystis aeruginosa, Oscillatoria sp., Anabaena sp., Merismopedia sp., Crucigenia cuadrata, Oocystis lacustris, Selenastrum gracile, Mallomonas sp. and Tetraediella sp. were important. Melosira granulata was present throughout the period of study. Spatial and temporal variability in both physical and biological conditions make it difficult to assign a specific trophic state to Lake Patzcuaro. Nevertheless, analysis of the algal community indicates a generally mesotrophic condition.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-05-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0269-7491 ; 0013-9327
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0269-7491 ; 0013-9327
    DOI 10.1016/0269-7491(93)90046-q
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Measurement Equivalence of Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Response Scale Types Collected Using Bring Your Own Device Compared to Paper and a Provisioned Device: Results of a Randomized Equivalence Trial.

    Byrom, Bill / Doll, Helen / Muehlhausen, Willie / Flood, Emuella / Cassedy, Cater / McDowell, Bryan / Sohn, Jeremy / Hogan, Kyle / Belmont, Ryan / Skerritt, Barbara / McCarthy, Marie

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2018  Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 581–589

    Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the measurement equivalence of individual response scale types by using a patient reported outcome measure (PROM) collected on paper and migrated into electronic format for use on the subject's own mobile ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the measurement equivalence of individual response scale types by using a patient reported outcome measure (PROM) collected on paper and migrated into electronic format for use on the subject's own mobile device (BYOD) and on a provisioned device (site device).
    Methods: Subjects suffering from chronic health conditions causing daily pain or discomfort were invited to participate in this single-site, single visit, three-way crossover study. Association between individual item and instrument subscale scores was assessed by using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and its CI. Participant attitudes toward the use of BYOD in a clinical trial were assessed through use of a questionnaire.
    Results: In this study, 155 subjects (females 83 [54%]; males 72 [46%]) ages 19 to 69 years (mean ± SD: 48.6 ± 13.1) were recruited. High association between the modes of administration (paper, BYOD, site device) was shown with analysis of ICCs (0.79-0.98) for each response scale type, including visual analogue scale, numeric rating scale, verbal response scale, and Likert scale. Of the subjects, 94% (146 of 155) stated that they would definitely or probably be willing to download an app onto their own mobile device for a forthcoming clinical trial. Forty-five percent of subjects felt BYOD would be more convenient compared with 15% preferring a provisioned device (40% had no preference).
    Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence supporting the use of BYOD for PROM collection in terms of the conservation of instrument measurement equivalence across the most widely used response scale types, and high patient acceptance of the approach.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Pain/psychology ; Computers, Handheld ; Cross-Over Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mobile Applications ; Pain Measurement ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2017.10.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Control of Aspergillus flavus in maize with plant essential oils and their components

    Montes-Belmont, R / Carvajal, M

    Journal of food protection. May 1998. v. 61 (5)

    1998  

    Abstract: The effects of 11 plant essential oils for maize kernel protection against Aspergillus flavus were studied. Tests were conducted to determine optimal levels of dosages for maize protection, effects of combinations of essential oils, and residual effects ... ...

    Abstract The effects of 11 plant essential oils for maize kernel protection against Aspergillus flavus were studied. Tests were conducted to determine optimal levels of dosages for maize protection, effects of combinations of essential oils, and residual effects and toxicity of essential oils to maize plants. Principal constituents of eight essential oils were tested for ability to protect maize kernels. Essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Mentha piperita (peppermint), Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (origanum), Teloxys ambrosioides (the flavoring herb epazote), Syzygium aromaticum (clove), and Thymus vulgaris (thyme) caused a total inhibition of fungal development on maize kernels. Thymol and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde significantly reduced maize grain contamination. The optimal dosage for protection of maize varied from 3 to 8%. Combinations of C. zeylanicum with the remaining oils gave efficient control. A residual effect of C. zeylanicum was detected after 4 weeks of kernel treatment. No phytotoxic effect on germination and corn growth was detected with any of these oils.
    Keywords corn ; seeds ; Aspergillus flavus ; antifungal properties ; essential oils ; disease control
    Language English
    Dates of publication 1998-05
    Size p. 616-619.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 243284-5
    ISSN 1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
    ISSN (online) 1944-9097
    ISSN 0362-028X
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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