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  1. Article ; Online: Hypothermia Therapy for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

    Seth C. Ransom / Nolan J. Brown / Zachary A. Pennington / Nikita Lakomkin / Anthony L. Mikula / Mohamad Bydon / Benjamin D. Elder

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1585, p

    An Updated Review

    2022  Volume 1585

    Abstract: Although hypothermia has shown to protect against ischemic and traumatic neuronal death, its potential role in neurologic recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) remains incompletely understood. Herein, we systematically review the safety ... ...

    Abstract Although hypothermia has shown to protect against ischemic and traumatic neuronal death, its potential role in neurologic recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) remains incompletely understood. Herein, we systematically review the safety and efficacy of hypothermia therapy for TSCI. The English medical literature was reviewed using PRISMA guidelines to identify preclinical and clinical studies examining the safety and efficacy of hypothermia following TSCI. Fifty-seven articles met full-text review criteria, of which twenty-eight were included. The main outcomes of interest were neurological recovery and postoperative complications. Among the 24 preclinical studies, both systemic and local hypothermia significantly improved neurologic recovery. In aggregate, the 4 clinical studies enrolled 60 patients for treatment, with 35 receiving systemic hypothermia and 25 local hypothermia. The most frequent complications were respiratory in nature. No patients suffered neurologic deterioration because of hypothermia treatment. Rates of American Spinal Injury Association (AIS) grade conversion after systemic hypothermia (35.5%) were higher when compared to multiple SCI database control studies (26.1%). However, no statistical conclusions could be drawn regarding the efficacy of hypothermia in humans. These limited clinical trials show promise and suggest therapeutic hypothermia to be safe in TSCI patients, though its effect on neurological recovery remains unclear. The preclinical literature supports the efficacy of hypothermia after TSCI. Further clinical trials are warranted to conclusively determine the effects of hypothermia on neurological recovery as well as the ideal means of administration necessary for achieving efficacy in TSCI.
    Keywords hypothermia ; trauma ; spine ; recovery ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: 3D-printed scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures and immunomodulatory cytokines provide pro-healing microenvironment for enhanced bone regeneration

    Xifeng Liu / Bipin Gaihre / Sungjo Park / Linli Li / Babak Dashtdar / Maria D. Astudillo Potes / Andre Terzic / Benjamin D. Elder / Lichun Lu

    Bioactive Materials, Vol 27, Iss , Pp 216-

    2023  Volume 230

    Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in stimulating desired activity for varied ... ...

    Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in stimulating desired activity for varied regeneration applications. In this study, we combined the two-dimensional (2D) hetero-nanostructures and immuno-regulative interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines for the functionalization of 3D-printed scaffolds to achieve a pro-healing immuno-microenvironment for optimized bone injury repair. The 2D hetero-nanostructure consists of graphene oxide (GO) layers, for improved cell adhesion, and black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets, for the continuous release of phosphate ions to stimulate cell growth and osteogenesis. In addition, the 2D hetero-nanolayers facilitated the adsorption of large content of immuno-regulative IL-4 cytokines, which modulated the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. After in vivo implantation in rat, the immuno-functioned 3D-scaffolds achieved in vivo osteo-immunomodulation by building a pro-healing immunological microenvironment for better angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the defect area and thus facilitated bone regeneration. These results demonstrated that the immuno-functionalization of 3D-scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures with secondary loading of immuno-regulative cytokines is an encouraging strategy for improving bone regeneration.
    Keywords 3D-printing ; 2D materials ; Bone repair ; Osteo-immunomodulation ; Cytokines ; Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ; TA401-492 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: OPF/PMMA Cage System as an Alternative Approach for the Treatment of Vertebral Corpectomy

    Asghar Rezaei / Hugo Giambini / Alan L. Miller / Xifeng Liu / Benjamin D. Elder / Michael J. Yaszemski / Lichun Lu

    Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 6912, p

    2020  Volume 6912

    Abstract: The spinal column is the most common site for bone metastasis. Vertebral metastases with instability have historically been treated with corpectomy of the affected vertebral body and adjacent intervertebral discs, and have more recently been treated with ...

    Abstract The spinal column is the most common site for bone metastasis. Vertebral metastases with instability have historically been treated with corpectomy of the affected vertebral body and adjacent intervertebral discs, and have more recently been treated with separation surgery. With demographics shifting towards an elderly population, a less-invasive surgical approach is necessary for the repair of vertebral defects. We modified a previously reported expandable hollow cage composed of an oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] (OPF) containment system that could be delivered via a posterior-only approach. Then, the polymer of interest, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement, was injected into the lumen of the cage after expansion to form an OPF/PMMA cage. We compared six different cage formulations to account for vertebral body and defect size, and performed a cage characterization via expansion kinetics and mechanical testing evaluations. Additionally, we investigated the feasibility of the OPF/PMMA cage in providing spine stability via kinematic analyses. The in-vitro placement of the implant using our OPF/PMMA cage system showed improvement and mechanical stability in a flexion motion. The results demonstrated that the formulation and technique presented in the current study have the potential to improve surgical outcomes in minimally invasive procedures on the spine.
    Keywords spine ; expandable cage ; kinematic testing ; minimally invasive surgery ; OPF formulation ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 621
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: CSF dynamics disorders

    Petrice M. Cogswell / Jonathan Graff-Radford / Lincoln I. Wurtz / Neill R. Graff-Radford / Derek R. Johnson / Christopher H. Hunt / Jeffrey L. Gunter / Jeremy K. Cutsforth-Gregory / David T. Jones / Benjamin D. Elder / John Huston III / Clifford R. Jack Jr

    NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 28, Iss , Pp 102481- (2020)

    Association of brain MRI and nuclear medicine cisternogram findings

    2020  

    Abstract: Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH), characterized by ventriculomegaly, high convexity/midline tight sulci, and enlarged sylvian fissures on brain MRI has been increasingly recognized as a distinct diagnostic imaging ... ...

    Abstract Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH), characterized by ventriculomegaly, high convexity/midline tight sulci, and enlarged sylvian fissures on brain MRI has been increasingly recognized as a distinct diagnostic imaging entity that falls within the larger category of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Normal pressure hydrocephalus has been previously characterized as a CSF dynamics disorder based on abnormalities on nuclear medicine cisternography: radiotracer in the lateral ventricles and absent or delayed ascent of radiotracer over the cerebral convexity. The purpose of this work was to evaluate for differences in nuclear medicine cisternography between patients with vs without DESH and thereby provide support for the concept that DESH is a structural imaging marker of a CSF dynamics disorder. The study included 102 patients (mean age 71 years, range 46–86, 38 females), 58 patients with cisternogram performed to evaluate suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (mean age 73 years, range 46–86 years, 24 female) and 44 patients evaluated for headache (mean age 68 years, range 60–82 years, 14 female). All patients had an MRI of the brain performed within 13 months of the cisternogram. Cisternogram imaging, typically acquired at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 24 h post injection, was evaluated for the time at which radiotracer reached the basal cisterns, presence of persistent radiotracer in the lateral ventricles, time radiotracer first entered the lateral ventricles, presence of radiotracer over the cerebral convexity, and time at which radiotracer was first visualized over the cerebral convexity. MRI features of ventriculomegaly (defined as Evans’ index ≥ 0.3) and high convexity tight sulci (HCTS) were recorded. Based on the MRI features, patients were grouped according to presence or absence of DESH (ventriculomegaly and HCTS). Those without DESH were separated into groups of ventriculomegaly alone, HCTS alone, and neither ventriculomegaly nor HCTS. Cisternogram metrics were compared ...
    Keywords Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH) ; Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) ; CSF dynamics disorders ; Nuclear medicine cisternography ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Synergistic and additive effects of hydrostatic pressure and growth factors on tissue formation.

    Benjamin D Elder / Kyriacos A Athanasiou

    PLoS ONE, Vol 3, Iss 6, p e

    2008  Volume 2341

    Abstract: Hydrostatic pressure (HP) is a significant factor in the function of many tissues, including cartilage, knee meniscus, temporomandibular joint disc, intervertebral disc, bone, bladder, and vasculature. Though studies have been performed in assessing the ... ...

    Abstract Hydrostatic pressure (HP) is a significant factor in the function of many tissues, including cartilage, knee meniscus, temporomandibular joint disc, intervertebral disc, bone, bladder, and vasculature. Though studies have been performed in assessing the role of HP in tissue biochemistry, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties from HP application in any tissue.The objective of this study was to determine the effects of hydrostatic pressure (HP), with and without growth factors, on the biomechanical and biochemical properties of engineered articular cartilage constructs, using a two-phased approach. In phase I, a 3x3 full-factorial design of HP magnitude (1, 5, 10 MPa) and frequency (0, 0.1, 1 Hz) was used, and the best two treatments were selected for use in phase II. Static HP at 5 MPa and 10 MPa resulted in significant 95% and 96% increases, respectively, in aggregate modulus (H(A)), with corresponding increases in GAG content. These regimens also resulted in significant 101% and 92% increases in Young's modulus (E(Y)), with corresponding increases in collagen content. Phase II employed a 3x3 full-factorial design of HP (no HP, 5 MPa static, 10 MPa static) and growth factor application (no GF, BMP-2+IGF-I, TGF-beta1). The combination of 10 MPa static HP and TGF-beta1 treatment had an additive effect on both H(A) and E(Y), as well as a synergistic effect on collagen content. This group demonstrated a 164% increase in H(A), a 231% increase in E(Y), an 85% increase in GAG/wet weight (WW), and a 173% increase in collagen/WW, relative to control.To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate increases in the biomechanical properties of tissue from pure HP application, using a cartilage model. Furthermore, it is the only study to demonstrate additive or synergistic effects between HP and growth factors on tissue functional properties. These findings are exciting as coupling HP stimulation with growth factor application has allowed for the formation of ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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