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  1. Article ; Online: An alternative approach to produce versatile retinal organoids with accelerated ganglion cell development.

    Wagstaff, Ellie L / Ten Asbroek, Anneloor L M A / Ten Brink, Jacoline B / Jansonius, Nomdo M / Bergen, Arthur A B

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 1101

    Abstract: Genetically complex ocular neuropathies, such as glaucoma, are a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. There is a growing need to generate suitable human representative in vitro and in vivo models, as there is no effective treatment available once ... ...

    Abstract Genetically complex ocular neuropathies, such as glaucoma, are a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. There is a growing need to generate suitable human representative in vitro and in vivo models, as there is no effective treatment available once damage has occured. Retinal organoids are increasingly being used for experimental gene therapy, stem cell replacement therapy and small molecule therapy. There are multiple protocols for the development of retinal organoids available, however, one potential drawback of the current methods is that the organoids can take between 6 weeks and 12 months on average to develop and mature, depending on the specific cell type wanted. Here, we describe and characterise a protocol focused on the generation of retinal ganglion cells within an accelerated four week timeframe without any external small molecules or growth factors. Subsequent long term cultures yield fully differentiated organoids displaying all major retinal cell types. RPE, Horizontal, Amacrine and Photoreceptors cells were generated using external factors to maintain lamination.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Ganglia/cytology ; Humans ; Organoids/cytology ; Photoreceptor Cells/cytology ; Retina/cytology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/cytology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-79651-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: the end of the autosomal dominant segregation myth.

    Bergen, Arthur A B

    The Journal of investigative dermatology

    2006  Volume 126, Issue 4, Page(s) 704–705

    Abstract: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a heritable connective-tissue disorder affecting the eye, skin, and vascular system. Recent publications show that PXE exclusively segregates in an autosomal recessive fashion. However, the lack of an internationally ... ...

    Abstract Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a heritable connective-tissue disorder affecting the eye, skin, and vascular system. Recent publications show that PXE exclusively segregates in an autosomal recessive fashion. However, the lack of an internationally accepted clinical "gold standard" for PXE, our incomplete knowledge of PXE etiology, and the incomplete nature of some molecular, clinical, and environmental studies warrant further investigation.
    MeSH term(s) Genes, Dominant ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80136-7
    ISSN 1523-1747 ; 0022-202X
    ISSN (online) 1523-1747
    ISSN 0022-202X
    DOI 10.1038/sj.jid.5700129
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Genetic deletion of Abcc6 disturbs cholesterol homeostasis in mice.

    Ibold, Bettina / Tiemann, Janina / Faust, Isabel / Ceglarek, Uta / Dittrich, Julia / Gorgels, Theo G M F / Bergen, Arthur A B / Vanakker, Olivier / Van Gils, Matthias / Knabbe, Cornelius / Hendig, Doris

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2137

    Abstract: Genetic studies link adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter C6 (ABCC6) mutations to pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). ABCC6 sequence variations are correlated with altered HDL cholesterol levels and an elevated risk of coronary artery diseases. ...

    Abstract Genetic studies link adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter C6 (ABCC6) mutations to pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). ABCC6 sequence variations are correlated with altered HDL cholesterol levels and an elevated risk of coronary artery diseases. However, the role of ABCC6 in cholesterol homeostasis is not widely known. Here, we report reduced serum cholesterol and phytosterol levels in Abcc6-deficient mice, indicating an impaired sterol absorption. Ratios of cholesterol precursors to cholesterol were increased, confirmed by upregulation of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) expression, suggesting activation of cholesterol biosynthesis in Abcc6
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Cholesterol/blood ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Humans ; Lipids/blood ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Middle Aged ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/deficiency ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Proprotein Convertase 9/blood ; Proprotein Convertase 9/genetics ; Proprotein Convertase 9/metabolism ; Receptors, LDL/genetics ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Abcc6 protein, mouse ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Lipids ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; Receptors, LDL ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Proprotein Convertase 9 (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-81573-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Identification of a Novel ZNF469 Mutation in a Pakistani Family With Brittle Cornea Syndrome.

    Micheal, Shazia / Siddiqui, Sorath Noorani / Zafar, Saemah Nuzhat / Gabriëla Niewold, Ilse Therésia / Khan, Muhammad Imran / Bergen, Arthur A B

    Cornea

    2019  Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 718–722

    Abstract: Purpose: Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare recessive disorder affecting connective tissues, most prominently in the eye. Pathogenic mutations causing BCS have been identified in PRDM5 and ZNF469 genes. This study investigates the genetic cause of ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare recessive disorder affecting connective tissues, most prominently in the eye. Pathogenic mutations causing BCS have been identified in PRDM5 and ZNF469 genes. This study investigates the genetic cause of BCS in a large, consanguineous Pakistani family with 4 affected and 3 unaffected individuals.
    Methods: The coding region and exon-intron splice junctions of PRDM5 and ZNF469 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and bidirectional Sanger sequencing was performed to find the pathogenic change responsible for causing the disease in the family.
    Results: A novel homozygous duplication c.9831dupC (p.Arg3278GlnfsX197) in the ZNF469 gene was identified, which was found to be co-segregating with the disease in the family.
    Conclusions: This is the first report of a ZNF469 homozygous mutation causing a BCS phenotype in a consanguineous Pakistani family. Our data extend the mutation spectrum of ZNF469 variants implicated in BCS.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eye Abnormalities/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Instability/congenital ; Joint Instability/genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Pakistan ; Skin Abnormalities/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors ; ZNF469 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604826-2
    ISSN 1536-4798 ; 0277-3740
    ISSN (online) 1536-4798
    ISSN 0277-3740
    DOI 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001828
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Abcc6 deficiency in mice leads to altered ABC transporter gene expression in metabolic active tissues.

    Ibold, Bettina / Faust, Isabel / Tiemann, Janina / Gorgels, Theo G M F / Bergen, Arthur A B / Knabbe, Cornelius / Hendig, Doris

    Lipids in health and disease

    2019  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 2

    Abstract: Background: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in a huge range of physiological processes. Mutations in the ABCC6 gene cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum, a metabolic disease with progressive soft tissue calcification.: Methods: The aim ...

    Abstract Background: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in a huge range of physiological processes. Mutations in the ABCC6 gene cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum, a metabolic disease with progressive soft tissue calcification.
    Methods: The aim of the present study was to analyze gene expression levels of selected ABC transporters associated with cholesterol homeostasis in metabolic active tissues, such as the liver, kidney and white adipose tissue (WAT) of Abcc6
    Results: The strongest regulation of ABC transporter genes was observed in the liver tissue of six-month-old Abcc6
    Conclusions: These data support previous findings that Abcc6 deficiency leads to an altered gene expression of other ABC transporters depending on the status of disease progression. The increased expression of fatty acid, bile salt and cholesterol/sterol transporters may be linked to an altered cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism due to a loss of Abcc6 function.
    MeSH term(s) ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/metabolism ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily D/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily D/metabolism ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/metabolism ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/metabolism ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/deficiency ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, White/pathology ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney/pathology ; Lipoproteins/genetics ; Lipoproteins/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum/genetics ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum/metabolism ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum/pathology
    Chemical Substances ABCD2 protein, mouse ; ABCG1 protein, mouse ; ABCG5 protein, mouse ; ABCG8 protein, mouse ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily D ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5 ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; Abca3 protein, mouse ; Abcb11 protein, mouse ; Abcc6 protein, mouse ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Lipoproteins ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Abcb1b protein, mouse (EC 7.6.2.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1476-511X
    ISSN (online) 1476-511X
    DOI 10.1186/s12944-018-0943-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Human ciliary epithelia do express genes with retinal progenitor cell characteristics in vivo.

    Janssen, Sarah F / Bennis, Anna / Heine, Vivi M / Bergen, Arthur A B

    Experimental eye research

    2014  Volume 121, Page(s) 41

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ciliary Body/growth & development ; Regeneration/physiology ; Vertebrates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 80122-7
    ISSN 1096-0007 ; 0014-4835
    ISSN (online) 1096-0007
    ISSN 0014-4835
    DOI 10.1016/j.exer.2014.01.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Delineation of Novel Autosomal Recessive Mutation in GJA3 and Autosomal Dominant Mutations in GJA8 in Pakistani Congenital Cataract Families.

    Micheal, Shazia / Niewold, Ilse Therésia Gabriëla / Siddiqui, Sorath Noorani / Zafar, Saemah Nuzhat / Khan, Muhammad Imran / Bergen, Arthur A B

    Genes

    2018  Volume 9, Issue 2

    Abstract: Congenital cataract is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. The present study was undertaken to find the genetic cause of congenital cataract families. DNA samples of a large consanguineous Pakistani family were genotyped with a high ... ...

    Abstract Congenital cataract is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. The present study was undertaken to find the genetic cause of congenital cataract families. DNA samples of a large consanguineous Pakistani family were genotyped with a high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism Illumina microarray. Homozygosity mapping identified a homozygous region of 4.4 Mb encompassing the gene
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527218-4
    ISSN 2073-4425
    ISSN 2073-4425
    DOI 10.3390/genes9020112
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Novel mutations in the PITX2 gene in Pakistani and Mexican families with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.

    Lo Faro, Valeria / Siddiqui, Sorath N / Khan, Muhammad I / Villanueva-Mendoza, Cristina / Cortés-González, Vianney / Jansonius, Nomdo / Bergen, Arthur A B / Micheal, Shazia

    Molecular genetics & genomic medicine

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 7, Page(s) e1215

    Abstract: Purpose: Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects the anterior segment of the eye. The aim of this study was to examine the PITX2 gene to identify possible novel mutations in Pakistani and Mexican families ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects the anterior segment of the eye. The aim of this study was to examine the PITX2 gene to identify possible novel mutations in Pakistani and Mexican families affected by the ARS phenotype.
    Methods: Three unrelated probands with a diagnosis of ARS were recruited for this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of the probands and their family members. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were used for the analysis of coding exons and the flanking intronic regions of the PITX2 gene. Bioinformatics tools and database (VarSome, Provean, and MutationTaster, SIFT, PolyPhen-2, and HOPE) were evaluated to explore missense variants.
    Results: We identified novel heterozygous variations in the PITX2 gene that segregated with the ARS phenotype within the families. The variant NM_153426.2(PITX2):c.226G > T or p.(Ala76Ser) and the mutation NM_153426.2(PITX2):c.455G > A or p.(Cys152Tyr) were identified in two Pakistani pedigrees, and the mutation NM_153426.2(PITX2):c.242_265del or p.(Lys81_Gln88del), segregated in a Mexican family.
    Conclusion: Our study extends the spectrum of PITX2 mutations in individuals with ARS, enabling an improved diagnosis of this rare but serious syndrome.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anterior Eye Segment/abnormalities ; Anterior Eye Segment/pathology ; Child ; Eye Abnormalities/genetics ; Eye Abnormalities/pathology ; Eye Diseases, Hereditary/genetics ; Eye Diseases, Hereditary/pathology ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Homeobox Protein PITX2
    Chemical Substances Homeodomain Proteins ; Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2734884-2
    ISSN 2324-9269 ; 2324-9269
    ISSN (online) 2324-9269
    ISSN 2324-9269
    DOI 10.1002/mgg3.1215
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A review of treatment modalities in gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR).

    Balfoort, Berith M / Buijs, Mark J N / Ten Asbroek, Anneloor L M A / Bergen, Arthur A B / Boon, Camiel J F / Ferreira, Elise A / Houtkooper, Riekelt H / Wagenmakers, Margreet A E M / Wanders, Ronald J A / Waterham, Hans R / Timmer, Corrie / van Karnebeek, Clara D / Brands, Marion M

    Molecular genetics and metabolism

    2021  Volume 134, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 96–116

    Abstract: Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is a rare inborn error of amino acid metabolism caused by bi-allelic variations in OAT. GACR is characterised by vision decline in early life eventually leading to complete blindness, and high plasma ... ...

    Abstract Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is a rare inborn error of amino acid metabolism caused by bi-allelic variations in OAT. GACR is characterised by vision decline in early life eventually leading to complete blindness, and high plasma ornithine levels. There is no curative treatment for GACR, although several therapeutic modalities aim to slow progression of the disease by targeting different steps within the ornithine pathway. No international treatment protocol is available. We systematically collected all international literature on therapeutic interventions in GACR to provide an overview of published treatment effects.
    Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the English literature until December 22nd 2020. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies related to therapeutic interventions in patients with GACR.
    Results: A total of 33 studies (n = 107 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were designed as case reports (n = 27) or case series (n = 4). No randomised controlled trials or large cohort studies were found. Treatments applied were protein-restricted diets, pyridoxine supplementation, creatine or creatine precursor supplementation, l-lysine supplementation, and proline supplementation. Protein-restricted diets lowered ornithine levels ranging from 16.0-91.2%. Pyridoxine responsiveness was reported in 30% of included mutations. Lysine supplementation decreased ornithine levels with 21-34%. Quality assessment showed low to moderate quality of the articles.
    Conclusions: Based primarily on case reports ornithine levels can be reduced by using a protein restricted diet, pyridoxine supplementation (variation-dependent) and/or lysine supplementation. The lack of pre-defined clinical outcome measures and structural follow-up in all included studies impeded conclusions on clinical effectiveness. Future research should be aimed at 1) Unravelling the OAT biochemical pathway to identify other possible pathologic metabolites besides ornithine, 2) Pre-defining GACR specific clinical outcome measures, and 3) Establishing an international historical cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Choroid/drug effects ; Choroid/pathology ; Gyrate Atrophy/drug therapy ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/drug therapy ; Mutation ; Retina/drug effects ; Retina/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1418518-0
    ISSN 1096-7206 ; 1096-7192
    ISSN (online) 1096-7206
    ISSN 1096-7192
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.07.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The SERPING1 gene and age-related macular degeneration.

    Klaver, Caroline C W / Bergen, Arthur A B

    Lancet (London, England)

    2008  Volume 372, Issue 9652, Page(s) 1788–1789

    MeSH term(s) Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins/genetics ; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins ; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein ; SERPING1 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-11-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61349-5
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