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  1. Article ; Online: The estimated disease burden of COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2021.

    Tsuzuki, Shinya / Beutels, Philippe

    Journal of infection and public health

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) 1236–1243

    Abstract: Background: To date, it is not fully understood to what extent COVID-19 has burdened society in Japan. This study aimed to estimate the total disease burden due to COVID-19 in Japan during 2020-2021.: Methods: We stratify disease burden estimates by ... ...

    Abstract Background: To date, it is not fully understood to what extent COVID-19 has burdened society in Japan. This study aimed to estimate the total disease burden due to COVID-19 in Japan during 2020-2021.
    Methods: We stratify disease burden estimates by age group and present it as absolute Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) lost and QALYs lost per 100,000 persons. The total estimated value of QALYs lost consists of (1) QALYs lost brought by deaths due to COVID-19, (2) QALYs lost brought by inpatient cases, (3) QALYs lost brought by outpatient cases, and (4) QALYs lost brought by long-COVID.
    Results: The total QALYs lost due to COVID-19 was estimated as 286,782 for two years, 114.0 QALYs per 100,000 population per year. 71.3% of them were explained by the burden derived from deaths. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that the burden of outpatient cases was the most sensitive factor.
    Conclusions: The large part of disease burden due to COVID-19 in Japan from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2021 was derived from Wave 3, 4, and 5 and the proportion of QALYs lost due to morbidity in the total burden increased gradually. The estimated disease burden was smaller than that in other high-income countries. It will be our future challenge to take other indirect factors into consideration.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ; Japan/epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2467587-8
    ISSN 1876-035X ; 1876-0341
    ISSN (online) 1876-035X
    ISSN 1876-0341
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.05.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19-related health utility values and changes in COVID-19 patients and the general population: a scoping review.

    Mao, Zhuxin / Li, Xiao / Jit, Mark / Beutels, Philippe

    Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: To summarise the diverse literature reporting the impact of COVID-19 on health utility in COVID-19 patients as well as in general populations being affected by COVID-19 control policies.: Methods: A literature search up to April 2023 was ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To summarise the diverse literature reporting the impact of COVID-19 on health utility in COVID-19 patients as well as in general populations being affected by COVID-19 control policies.
    Methods: A literature search up to April 2023 was conducted to identify papers reporting health utility in COVID-19 patients or in COVID-19-affected general populations. We present a narrative synthesis of the health utility values/losses of the retained studies to show the mean health utility values/losses with 95% confidence intervals. Mean utility values/losses for categories defined by medical attendance and data collection time were calculated using random-effects models.
    Results: In total, 98 studies-68 studies on COVID-19 patients and 30 studies on general populations-were retained for detailed review. Mean (95% CI) health utility values were 0.83 (0.81, 0.86), 0.78 (0.73, 0.83), 0.82 (0.78, 0.86) and 0.71 (0.65, 0.78) for general populations, non-hospitalised, hospitalised and ICU patients, respectively, irrespective of the data collection time. Mean utility losses in patients and general populations ranged from 0.03 to 0.34 and from 0.02 to 0.18, respectively.
    Conclusions: This scoping review provides a summary of the health utility impact of COVID-19 and COVID-19 control policies. COVID-19-affected populations were reported to have poor health utility, while a high degree of heterogeneity was observed across studies. Population- and/or country-specific health utility is recommended for use in future economic evaluation on COVID-19-related interventions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1161148-0
    ISSN 1573-2649 ; 0962-9343
    ISSN (online) 1573-2649
    ISSN 0962-9343
    DOI 10.1007/s11136-023-03584-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 3796: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Authors' Reply to Comment on "Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Herpes Zoster Vaccination in 50- to 85-Year-Old Immunocompetent Belgian Cohorts: A Comparison Between No Vaccination, the Adjuvanted Subunit Vaccine, and Live-Attenuated Vaccine".

    Bilcke, Joke / Beutels, Philippe

    PharmacoEconomics

    2022  Volume 40, Issue 10, Page(s) 1013–1014

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Belgium ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Subunit
    Chemical Substances Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Subunit
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1100273-6
    ISSN 1179-2027 ; 1170-7690
    ISSN (online) 1179-2027
    ISSN 1170-7690
    DOI 10.1007/s40273-022-01186-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 3579: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Exploring the impact of population ageing on the spread of emerging respiratory infections and the associated burden of mortality.

    Møgelmose, Signe / Neels, Karel / Beutels, Philippe / Hens, Niel

    BMC infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 767

    Abstract: Background: Increasing life expectancy and persistently low fertility levels have led to old population age structures in most high-income countries, and population ageing is expected to continue or even accelerate in the coming decades. While older ... ...

    Abstract Background: Increasing life expectancy and persistently low fertility levels have led to old population age structures in most high-income countries, and population ageing is expected to continue or even accelerate in the coming decades. While older adults on average have few interactions that potentially could lead to disease transmission, their morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases, respiratory infections in particular, remain substantial. We aim to explore how population ageing affects the future transmission dynamics and mortality burden of emerging respiratory infections.
    Methods: Using longitudinal individual-level data from population registers, we model the Belgian population with evolving age and household structures, and explicitly consider long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Three scenarios are presented for the future proportion of older adults living in LTCFs. For each demographic scenario, we simulate outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 and a novel influenza A virus in 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 and distinguish between household and community transmission. We estimate attack rates by age and household size/type, as well as disease-related deaths and the associated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) lost.
    Results: As the population is ageing, small households and LTCFs become more prevalent. Additionally, families with children become smaller (i.e. low fertility, single-parent families). The overall attack rate slightly decreases as the population is ageing, but to a larger degree for influenza than for SARS-CoV-2 due to differential age-specific attack rates. Nevertheless, the number of deaths and QALY losses per 1,000 people is increasing for both infections and at a speed influenced by the share living in LTCFs.
    Conclusion: Population ageing is associated with smaller outbreaks of COVID-19 and influenza, but at the same time it is causing a substantially larger burden of mortality, even if the proportion of LTCF residents were to decrease. These relationships are influenced by age patterns in epidemiological parameters. Not only the shift in the age distribution, but also the induced changes in the household structures are important to consider when assessing the potential impact of population ageing on the transmission and burden of emerging respiratory infections.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Aging ; Cause of Death ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Life Expectancy ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-023-08657-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Determinants of life-expectancy and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in European and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries: A longitudinal analysis (1990-2019).

    Varbanova, Vladimira / Hens, Niel / Beutels, Philippe

    SSM - population health

    2023  Volume 24, Page(s) 101484

    Abstract: We relate 68 factors to population health observed in 61 countries over 30 years.•Using random forests, multiple imputation and generalized estimating equations.•GDP per capita and demographics are key; income inequality is not.•Health and social ... ...

    Abstract •We relate 68 factors to population health observed in 61 countries over 30 years.•Using random forests, multiple imputation and generalized estimating equations.•GDP per capita and demographics are key; income inequality is not.•Health and social expenditure are more influential than freedom and corruption.•On the macro-level, life-style effects appear to be mediated by cultural context.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2352-8273
    ISSN 2352-8273
    DOI 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101484
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  6. Article ; Online: Pricey or priceless: cost-effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prevention in infants.

    Li, Xiao / Bilcke, Joke / Beutels, Philippe

    Lancet regional health. Americas

    2023  Volume 29, Page(s) 100657

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2667-193X
    ISSN (online) 2667-193X
    DOI 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100657
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  7. Article ; Online: Ceci n'est pas un lit. Base capacity healthcare matters in a pandemic.

    Beutels, Philippe / Verelst, Frederik

    The Lancet regional health. Europe

    2021  Volume 2, Page(s) 100033

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-7762
    ISSN (online) 2666-7762
    DOI 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100033
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  8. Article ; Online: Generating, Presenting, and Interpreting Cost-Effectiveness Results in the Context of Uncertainty: A Tutorial for Deeper Knowledge and Better Practice.

    Bilcke, Joke / Beutels, Philippe

    Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 421–435

    Abstract: This tutorial aims to help make the best available methods for generating and presenting cost-effectiveness results with uncertainty common practice. We believe there is a need for such type of tutorial because some erroneous practices persist (e.g., ... ...

    Abstract This tutorial aims to help make the best available methods for generating and presenting cost-effectiveness results with uncertainty common practice. We believe there is a need for such type of tutorial because some erroneous practices persist (e.g., identifying the cost-effective intervention as the one with the highest probability to be cost-effective), while some of the more advanced methods are hardly used (e.g., the net loss statistic 'NL', expected net loss curves and frontier). The tutorial explains with simple examples the pros and cons of using ICER, incremental net benefit and NL to identify the cost-effective intervention, both with and without uncertainty accounted for probabilistically. A flowchart provides practical guidance on when and how to use ICER, incremental net benefit or NL. Different ways to express and present uncertainty in the results are described, including confidence and credible intervals, the probability that a strategy is cost-effective (as usually shown with cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs)) and the expected value of perfect information (EVPI). The tutorial clarifies and illustrates why EVPI is the only measure accounting fully for decision uncertainty, and why NL curves and the NL frontier may be preferred over CEACs and other plots for presenting cost-effectiveness results in the context of uncertainty. The easy calculations and a worked-out real-life example will help users to thoroughly understand and correctly interpret key cost-effectiveness results. Examples with mathematical calculations, interpretation, plots and R code are provided.
    MeSH term(s) Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Humans ; Probability ; Uncertainty
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604497-9
    ISSN 1552-681X ; 0272-989X
    ISSN (online) 1552-681X
    ISSN 0272-989X
    DOI 10.1177/0272989X211045070
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1665: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: A Comparison of Items and Constructs of Standardized Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Well-Being Measures.

    Mao, Zhuxin / Crèvecoeur, Jonas / Pepermans, Koen / Kind, Paul / Neyens, Thomas / Beutels, Philippe

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2024  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 478–489

    Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to explore the internal constructs of the concepts being measured by EQ-5D-5L (a health-related quality of life measure that can produce preference-based utility values) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12, ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to explore the internal constructs of the concepts being measured by EQ-5D-5L (a health-related quality of life measure that can produce preference-based utility values) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12, a mental well-being measure) and to understand to what extent the items of EQ-5D-5L and GHQ-12 associate with each other.
    Methods: We used data from 12 701 respondents participating in a Belgian survey in 2022. Correlation coefficients between GHQ-12 and EQ-5D-5L were calculated at both the aggregate and item levels. Multidimensional scaling, exploratory factor analysis, and regression models were performed to investigate the underlying constructs that are associated with the items.
    Results: Despite a moderate correlation (0.39) between the EQ-5D-5L and GHQ-12 total scores, only a trivial or weak correlation (<0.3) was observed between the first 4 EQ-5D-5L items and any GHQ-12 item. Multidimensional scaling and exploratory factor analysis showed the first 4 EQ-5D-5L dimensions were clustered together with EuroQol visual analog scale and positively phrased GHQ-12 items were close to each other, whereas EQ-anxiety/depression and negatively phrased GHQ-12 items were grouped with overall life satisfaction. In the regression models, not all GHQ-12 items had a significant coefficient to predict EQ-5D-5L responses.
    Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, we present the first comparison of items and underlying constructs of GHQ-12 and EQ-5D-5L. The results showed that GHQ-12 can only partially predict the responses of EQ-5D-5L and the 2 instruments measure different constructs. Researchers should carefully consider conceptual legitimacy while applying the mapping technique and consider sensitivity analyses for the mapping estimates.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Quality of Life ; Psychometrics ; Mental Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Depression ; Health Status
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2024.01.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5904: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  10. Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Herpes Zoster Vaccination in 50- to 85-Year-Old Immunocompetent Belgian Cohorts: A Comparison between No Vaccination, the Adjuvanted Subunit Vaccine, and Live-Attenuated Vaccine.

    Pieters, Zoë / Ogunjimi, Benson / Beutels, Philippe / Bilcke, Joke

    PharmacoEconomics

    2022  Volume 40, Issue 4, Page(s) 461–476

    Abstract: Background: A new adjuvanted subunit vaccine (HZ/su), with higher vaccine efficacy than live-attenuated vaccine (ZVL), has been licensed in Europe since March 2018. Therefore, Belgian decision-makers might need to re-assess their recommendations for ... ...

    Abstract Background: A new adjuvanted subunit vaccine (HZ/su), with higher vaccine efficacy than live-attenuated vaccine (ZVL), has been licensed in Europe since March 2018. Therefore, Belgian decision-makers might need to re-assess their recommendations for vaccination against herpes zoster (HZ).
    Methods: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis, using a Markov decision tree, of vaccinating 50- to 85-year-old immunocompetent Belgian cohorts with no vaccination, HZ/su, ZVL, and ZVL with booster after 10 years. Due to the uncertainty in vaccine waning of HZ/su vaccine beyond 4 years, we used a logarithmic and 1-minus-exponential function to model respectively a long and short duration of protection. We used a lifetime time horizon and implemented the health care payer perspective throughout the analysis.
    Results: HZ/su had the greatest impact in avoiding health and economic burden. However, it would never become cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of €40,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained at its market price set by the manufacturer in the USA. Depending on the waning function assumed for HZ/su, the price per dose needs to drop 60% or 83% such that vaccination with HZ/su, assuming respectively a long or short duration of protection, would become cost-effective in 50- and 80-year-old individuals. At €40,000 per QALY gained, ZVL or ZVL with booster was never found cost-effective compared with HZ/su, even if only administration cost was considered.
    Conclusion: HZ/su is cost-effective in the 50-year-old age cohort at the unofficial Belgian threshold of €40,000 per QALY gained, if its price drops to €55.40 per dose. This result is, however, very sensitive to the assumed duration of protection of the vaccine, and the assumed severity and QALY loss associated with HZ and post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN).
    MeSH term(s) Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Belgium ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neuralgia, Postherpetic/prevention & control ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Subunit
    Chemical Substances Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Subunit
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-30
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1100273-6
    ISSN 1179-2027 ; 1170-7690
    ISSN (online) 1179-2027
    ISSN 1170-7690
    DOI 10.1007/s40273-021-01099-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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