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  1. Article ; Online: Disclosure of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid-responsive genes provides a molecular tool for deciphering stress responses in soybean.

    Beyer, Sebastian F / Bel, Paloma Sánchez / Flors, Victor / Schultheiss, Holger / Conrath, Uwe / Langenbach, Caspar J G

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 20600

    Abstract: Hormones orchestrate the physiology of organisms. Measuring the activity of defense hormone-responsive genes can help understanding immune signaling and facilitate breeding for plant health. However, different from model species like Arabidopsis, genes ... ...

    Abstract Hormones orchestrate the physiology of organisms. Measuring the activity of defense hormone-responsive genes can help understanding immune signaling and facilitate breeding for plant health. However, different from model species like Arabidopsis, genes that respond to defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) have not been disclosed in the soybean crop. We performed global transcriptome analyses to fill this knowledge gap. Upon exogenous application, endogenous levels of SA and JA increased in leaves. SA predominantly activated genes linked to systemic acquired resistance and defense signaling whereas JA mainly activated wound response-associated genes. In general, SA-responsive genes were activated earlier than those responding to JA. Consistent with the paradigm of biotrophic pathogens predominantly activating SA responses, free SA and here identified most robust SA marker genes GmNIMIN1, GmNIMIN1.2 and GmWRK40 were induced upon inoculation with Phakopsora pachyrhizi, whereas JA marker genes did not respond to infection with the biotrophic fungus. Spodoptera exigua larvae caused a strong accumulation of JA-Ile and JA-specific mRNA transcripts of GmBPI1, GmKTI1 and GmAAT whereas neither free SA nor SA-marker gene transcripts accumulated upon insect feeding. Our study provides molecular tools for monitoring the dynamic accumulation of SA and JA, e.g. in a given stress condition.
    MeSH term(s) Cyclopentanes/metabolism ; Cyclopentanes/pharmacology ; Gene Expression/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics ; Oxylipins/metabolism ; Oxylipins/pharmacology ; Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism ; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology ; Salicylic Acid/metabolism ; Salicylic Acid/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Glycine max/genetics ; Glycine max/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/genetics ; Stress, Physiological/physiology ; Transcriptome/genetics
    Chemical Substances Cyclopentanes ; Oxylipins ; Plant Growth Regulators ; jasmonic acid (6RI5N05OWW) ; Salicylic Acid (O414PZ4LPZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-00209-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Engineered coumarin accumulation reduces mycotoxin-induced oxidative stress and disease susceptibility.

    Beesley, Alexander / Beyer, Sebastian F / Wanders, Verena / Levecque, Sophie / Bredenbruch, Sandra / Habash, Samer S / Schleker, A Sylvia S / Gätgens, Jochem / Oldiges, Marco / Schultheiss, Holger / Conrath, Uwe / Langenbach, Caspar J G

    Plant biotechnology journal

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) 2490–2506

    Abstract: Coumarins can fight pathogens and are thus promising for crop protection. Their biosynthesis, however, has not yet been engineered in crops. We tailored the constitutive accumulation of coumarins in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana, Glycine max and ... ...

    Abstract Coumarins can fight pathogens and are thus promising for crop protection. Their biosynthesis, however, has not yet been engineered in crops. We tailored the constitutive accumulation of coumarins in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana, Glycine max and Arabidopsis thaliana plants, as well as in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cells. We did so by overexpressing A. thaliana feruloyl-CoA 6-hydroxylase 1 (AtF6'H1), encoding the key enzyme of scopoletin biosynthesis. Besides scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin, esculin at low level was the only other coumarin detected in transgenic cells. Mechanical damage of scopolin-accumulating tissue led to a swift release of scopoletin, presumably from the scopolin pool. High scopolin levels in A. thaliana roots coincided with reduced susceptibility to the root-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii. In addition, transgenic soybean plants were more tolerant to the soil-borne pathogenic fungus Fusarium virguliforme. Because mycotoxin-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell death were reduced in the AtF6'H1-overexpressors, the weaker sensitivity to F. virguliforme may be caused by attenuated oxidative damage of coumarin-hyperaccumulating cells. Together, engineered coumarin accumulation is promising for enhanced disease resilience of crops.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Scopoletin/metabolism ; Mycotoxins/metabolism ; Disease Susceptibility/metabolism ; Coumarins/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Plant Roots/genetics ; Plant Roots/metabolism
    Chemical Substances coumarin (A4VZ22K1WT) ; Scopoletin (KLF1HS0SXJ) ; Mycotoxins ; Coumarins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2136367-5
    ISSN 1467-7652 ; 1467-7652
    ISSN (online) 1467-7652
    ISSN 1467-7652
    DOI 10.1111/pbi.14144
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Arabidopsis non‐host defence‐associated coumarin scopoletin protects soybean from Asian soybean rust

    Beyer, Sebastian F / Beesley, Alexander / Rohmann, Philipp F.W / Schultheiss, Holger / Conrath, Uwe / Langenbach, Caspar J.G

    plant journal. 2019 Aug., v. 99, no. 3

    2019  

    Abstract: The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Pp) causes Asian soybean rust (SBR) disease which provokes tremendous losses in global soybean production. Pp is mainly controlled with synthetic fungicides to which the fungus swiftly develops fungicide resistance. To ... ...

    Abstract The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Pp) causes Asian soybean rust (SBR) disease which provokes tremendous losses in global soybean production. Pp is mainly controlled with synthetic fungicides to which the fungus swiftly develops fungicide resistance. To substitute or complement synthetic fungicides in Asian soybean rust control, we aimed to identify antifungal metabolites in Arabidopsis which is not a host for Pp. Comparative transcriptional and metabolic profiling of the Pp‐inoculated Arabidopsis non‐host and the soybean host revealed induction of phenylpropanoid metabolism‐associated genes in both species but activation of scopoletin biosynthesis only in the resistant non‐host. Scopoletin is a coumarin and an antioxidant. In vitro experiments disclosed fungistatic activity of scopoletin against Pp, associated with reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in fungal pre‐infection structures. Non‐antioxidant and antioxidant molecules including coumarins with a similar structure to scopoletin were inactive or much less effective at inhibiting fungal accumulation of ROS and germination of Pp spores. When sprayed onto Arabidopsis leaves, scopoletin also suppressed the formation of Pp pre‐infection structures and penetration of the plant. However, scopoletin neither directly activated defence nor did it prime Arabidopsis for enhanced defence, therefore emphasizing fungistatic activity as the exclusive mode of action of scopoletin against Pp. Because scopletin also protected soybean from Pp infection, the coumarin may serve as a natural fungicide or as a lead for the development of near‐to‐nature fungicides against Asian soybean rust.
    Keywords Arabidopsis ; Phakopsora pachyrhizi ; antifungal properties ; biosynthesis ; coumarin ; crop production ; fungi ; fungicide resistance ; fungicides ; genes ; germination ; in vitro studies ; leaves ; mechanism of action ; metabolites ; metabolomics ; reactive oxygen species ; scopoletin ; soybean rust ; soybeans ; spores ; transcription (genetics)
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-08
    Size p. 397-413.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1088037-9
    ISSN 1365-313X ; 0960-7412
    ISSN (online) 1365-313X
    ISSN 0960-7412
    DOI 10.1111/tpj.14426
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 6071: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: The Arabidopsis non-host defence-associated coumarin scopoletin protects soybean from Asian soybean rust.

    Beyer, Sebastian F / Beesley, Alexander / Rohmann, Philipp F W / Schultheiss, Holger / Conrath, Uwe / Langenbach, Caspar J G

    The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology

    2019  Volume 99, Issue 3, Page(s) 397–413

    Abstract: The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Pp) causes Asian soybean rust (SBR) disease which provokes tremendous losses in global soybean production. Pp is mainly controlled with synthetic fungicides to which the fungus swiftly develops fungicide resistance. To ... ...

    Abstract The fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Pp) causes Asian soybean rust (SBR) disease which provokes tremendous losses in global soybean production. Pp is mainly controlled with synthetic fungicides to which the fungus swiftly develops fungicide resistance. To substitute or complement synthetic fungicides in Asian soybean rust control, we aimed to identify antifungal metabolites in Arabidopsis which is not a host for Pp. Comparative transcriptional and metabolic profiling of the Pp-inoculated Arabidopsis non-host and the soybean host revealed induction of phenylpropanoid metabolism-associated genes in both species but activation of scopoletin biosynthesis only in the resistant non-host. Scopoletin is a coumarin and an antioxidant. In vitro experiments disclosed fungistatic activity of scopoletin against Pp, associated with reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in fungal pre-infection structures. Non-antioxidant and antioxidant molecules including coumarins with a similar structure to scopoletin were inactive or much less effective at inhibiting fungal accumulation of ROS and germination of Pp spores. When sprayed onto Arabidopsis leaves, scopoletin also suppressed the formation of Pp pre-infection structures and penetration of the plant. However, scopoletin neither directly activated defence nor did it prime Arabidopsis for enhanced defence, therefore emphasizing fungistatic activity as the exclusive mode of action of scopoletin against Pp. Because scopletin also protected soybean from Pp infection, the coumarin may serve as a natural fungicide or as a lead for the development of near-to-nature fungicides against Asian soybean rust.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis/microbiology ; Coumarins/metabolism ; Disease Resistance/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Phakopsora pachyrhizi/physiology ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Plant Diseases/microbiology ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/microbiology ; Scopoletin/metabolism ; Glycine max/genetics ; Glycine max/metabolism ; Glycine max/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Coumarins ; coumarin (A4VZ22K1WT) ; Scopoletin (KLF1HS0SXJ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1088037-9
    ISSN 1365-313X ; 0960-7412
    ISSN (online) 1365-313X
    ISSN 0960-7412
    DOI 10.1111/tpj.14426
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 6071: Show issues

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  5. Article: Fighting Asian Soybean Rust.

    Langenbach, Caspar / Campe, Ruth / Beyer, Sebastian F / Mueller, André N / Conrath, Uwe

    Frontiers in plant science

    2016  Volume 7, Page(s) 797

    Abstract: Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a biotrophic fungus provoking SBR disease. SBR poses a major threat to global soybean production. Though several R genes provided soybean immunity to certain P. pachyrhizi races, the pathogen swiftly overcame this resistance. ... ...

    Abstract Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a biotrophic fungus provoking SBR disease. SBR poses a major threat to global soybean production. Though several R genes provided soybean immunity to certain P. pachyrhizi races, the pathogen swiftly overcame this resistance. Therefore, fungicides are the only current means to control SBR. However, insensitivity to fungicides is soaring in P. pachyrhizi and, therefore, alternative measures are needed for SBR control. In this article, we discuss the different approaches for fighting SBR and their potential, disadvantages, and advantages over other measures. These encompass conventional breeding for SBR resistance, transgenic approaches, exploitation of transcription factors, secondary metabolites, and antimicrobial peptides, RNAi/HIGS, and biocontrol strategies. It seems that an integrating approach exploiting different measures is likely to provide the best possible means for the effective control of SBR.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2613694-6
    ISSN 1664-462X
    ISSN 1664-462X
    DOI 10.3389/fpls.2016.00797
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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