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Article: Clinical Evidence of the Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase and Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Bi, Yaru / Yang, Yang / Yuan, Xiaojie / Wang, Jiping / Liu, Zhiyuan / Tian, Suyan / Sun, Chenglin

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy

2024 Volume 17, Page(s) 261–269

Abstract: Aim: Multiple studies have investigated the association between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and diabetes mellitus (DM); however, only a few studies have specifically examined the relationship between ALT and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study ... ...

Abstract	Aim: Multiple studies have investigated the association between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and diabetes mellitus (DM); however, only a few studies have specifically examined the relationship between ALT and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ALT and DKD using clinical data. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 668 individuals that included non-DM (N=281), DM without DKD (N=160), and DKD (N=227) patients. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to examine the dose-response relationship between ALT and DKD risk. We also analyzed the data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018 using the same statistical methods; 4481, 1110, and 671 individuals were included in the non-DM, DM without DKD, and DKD groups, respectively. Results: The changes in ALT activity among the non-DM, DM without DKD, and DKD groups showed a similar pattern in both our clinical data and the NHANES dataset. ALT activity increases with the onset of DM, whereas ALT activity decreases when DM progresses to DKD. The GAM revealed a nonlinear Conclusion: A
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494854-8
ISSN	1178-7007
ISSN	1178-7007
DOI	10.2147/DMSO.S442165
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: White blood cells and type 2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study.

Bi, Yaru / Gao, Yuan / Xie, Yao / Zhou, Meng / Liu, Zhiyuan / Tian, Suyan / Sun, Chenglin

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0296701

Abstract: Background: Observational studies have demonstrated an association between white blood cells (WBC) subtypes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, it is unknown whether this relationship is causal. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate ... ...

Abstract	Background: Observational studies have demonstrated an association between white blood cells (WBC) subtypes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, it is unknown whether this relationship is causal. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effect of WBC subtypes on T2D and glycemic traits. Methods: The summary data for neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts were extracted from a recent genome-wide association study (n = 173,480). The DIAGRAM and MAGIC consortia offered summary data pertaining to T2D and glycemic characteristics, including fasting glucose (FG) (n = 133,010), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (n = 46,368), and homeostatic model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (n = 37,037). A series of MR analyses (univariable MR, multivariable MR, and reverse MR) were used to investigate the causal association of different WBC subtypes with T2D and glycemic traits. Results: Using the inverse-variance weighted method, we found one standard deviation increases in genetically determined neutrophil [odd ratio (OR): 1.086, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.877-1.345], lymphocyte [0.878 (0.766-1.006)], monocyte [1.010 (0.906-1.127)], eosinophil [0.995 (0.867-1.142)], and basophil [0.960 (0.763-1.207)] were not causally associated with T2D risk. These findings were consistent with the results of three pleiotropy robust methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, and mode-based estimator) and multivariable MR analyses. Reverse MR analysis provided no evidence for the reverse causation of T2D on WBC subtypes. The null causal effects of WBC subtypes on FG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were also identified. Conclusions: WBCs play no causal role in the development of insulin resistance and T2D. The observed association between these factors may be explained by residual confounding.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Glycated Hemoglobin/genetics ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Glucose ; Basophils
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0296701
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Article: The association of alanine aminotransferase and diabetic microvascular complications: A Mendelian randomization study.

Bi, Yaru / Liu, Yanjing / Wang, Heyuan / Tian, Suyan / Sun, Chenglin

Frontiers in endocrinology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1104963

Abstract: Aims: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is positively related to diabetes risk in observational studies, whereas Mendelian randomization supports a linear causal association. In contrast, the relationship between ALT and diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is positively related to diabetes risk in observational studies, whereas Mendelian randomization supports a linear causal association. In contrast, the relationship between ALT and diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy is counter-intuitive in observational studies. Furthermore, no MR study has examined their causal association. The study aimed to investigate whether genetically determined ALT has a causal effect on diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Genetic instruments associated with ALT ( Results: Based on IVW, a 2-fold increase in genetically determined ALT level was positively associated with diabetic nephropathy (odd ratio, [95% confidence interval], 1.73 [1.26-2.37], Conclusions: With caution, we concluded that ALT plays no linear causal role in developing both diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Further investigations are required to test the hypothesis of a non-linear causal association.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alanine Transaminase ; Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics ; Diabetic Retinopathy/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus
Chemical Substances	Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2023.1104963
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Article: Association between liver enzymes and type 2 diabetes: a real-world study.

Bi, Yaru / Yang, Yang / Yuan, Xiaojie / Wang, Jiping / Wang, Tuo / Liu, Zhiyuan / Tian, Suyan / Sun, Chenglin

Frontiers in endocrinology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1340604

Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to examine the association of liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, particularly their dose-response ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This study aimed to examine the association of liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, particularly their dose-response relationship. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled participants aged >20 years old who underwent physical examination at our local hospital from November 2022 to May 2023. A generalized additive model (GAM) was fit to assess the dose-response relationship between liver enzymes and T2D risk. Furthermore, data from the UK Biobank (n=217,533) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2018; n= 15,528) were analyzed to evaluate whether the dose-response relationship between liver enzymes and T2D differed by population differences. Results: A total of 14,100 participants were included (1,155 individuals with T2D and 12,945 individuals without diabetes) in the analysis. GAM revealed a non-linear relationship between liver enzymes and T2D risk ( Conclusion: Liver enzymes were non-linearly associated with T2D risk in different populations, including China, the UK, and the US. Elevated ALT and GGT levels, within a certain range, could increase T2D risk. More attention should be given to liver enzyme levels for early lifestyle intervention and early T2D prevention. Further studies are necessary to explore the mechanism of the non-linear association between liver enzymes and T2D risk.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Nutrition Surveys ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Alanine Transaminase ; Liver
Chemical Substances	Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2024.1340604
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Article: Analysis of the effect of glutamyltransferase on hyperlipidemia based on decision tree.

Zhang, Tingting / Ouyang, Dantong / Sun, Chenglin / Bi, Yaru / He, Lili / Bai, Hongtao

Digital health

2023 Volume 9, Page(s) 20552076231185441

Abstract: Objectives: This study is designed to analyze the potential influencing factors of hyperlipidemia, and to explore the relationship between liver function indicators such as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and hyperlipidemia.: Methods: Data were ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study is designed to analyze the potential influencing factors of hyperlipidemia, and to explore the relationship between liver function indicators such as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and hyperlipidemia. Methods: Data were derived from 7599 outpatients who visited the Department of Endocrinology of the First Hospital of Jilin University (2017-2019). A multinomial regression model is used to identify related factors of hyperlipidemia and the decision tree method is used to explore the general rules in hyperlipidemia patients and non-hyperlipidemia patients on these factors. Results: The average of age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), GGT and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the hyperlipidemia group are higher than those in the non-hyperlipidemia group. In multiple regression analysis, SBP, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, ALT, GGT are associated with triglyceride. For people with HbA1c less than 6.0%, controlling GGT within 30 IU/L reduces the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia by 4%, and for people with metabolic syndrome with impaired glucose tolerance controlling GGT within 20 IU/L reduces the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia by 11%. Conclusions: Even when GGT is in the normal range, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia increases with its gradual increase. Controlling GGT in people with normoglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance can reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2819396-9
ISSN	2055-2076
ISSN	2055-2076
DOI	10.1177/20552076231185441
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Article ; Online: Effects of omega-3 supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with gestational diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Liu, Weixia / Gao, Menghan / Yang, Shuo / Sun, Chenglin / Bi, Yaru / Li, Yuting / Wang, Jiping / Yuan, Xiaojie

Journal of diabetes and its complications

2023 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 108451

Abstract: Aim: We assessed whether omega-3 supplementation could improve glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).: Methods: In this meta-study, we used a random-effects ... ...

Abstract	Aim: We assessed whether omega-3 supplementation could improve glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: In this meta-study, we used a random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analysis model to analyze the mean differences (MD) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) before and after omega-3 and placebo supplementation, thus evaluating the effects of omega-3 on glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors. Results: Six randomized controlled trials (331 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (WMD = -0.25 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.38, -0.12), fasting insulin (WMD = -17.13 pmol/L; 95 % CI: -27.95, -6.30), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (WMD = -0.51; 95 % CI: -0.89, -0.12) were lower in the omega-3 group compared to their levels in the placebo group. The results of the analysis of lipid metabolism showed that triglycerides (WMD = -0.18 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.29, -0.08) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -0.1 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.16, -0.03) decreased in the omega-3 group, while high-density lipoproteins (WMD = 0.06 mmol/L; 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.10) increased. Compared to the placebo group, inflammatory factor serum C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.68 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.96, -0.39) decreased in the omega-3 group. Conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation can decrease the levels of FPG and inflammatory factors, enhance blood lipid metabolism, and reduce insulin resistance in patients with GDM.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy ; Insulin Resistance ; Glucose ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Chemical Substances	Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Blood Glucose ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1105840-7
ISSN	1873-460X ; 1056-8727
ISSN (online)	1873-460X
ISSN	1056-8727
DOI	10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108451
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Article: To explore association between gamma-glutamyl transferase and type 2 diabetes using a real-world study and mendelian randomization analysis.

Bi, Yaru / Yang, Shuo / Liu, Yanjing / Cao, Lingxia / Gao, Menghan / Liu, Weixia / Li, Yuting / Tian, Suyan / Sun, Chenglin

Frontiers in endocrinology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 899008

Abstract: Aim: The association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is controversial. In this study, we investigated the association between GGT and the risk of T2DM using real-world data, Mendelian randomization (MR) ... ...

Abstract	Aim: The association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is controversial. In this study, we investigated the association between GGT and the risk of T2DM using real-world data, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, and literature mining. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 3,048 participants (>40 years) from a community in Northeastern China was conducted. A generalized additive model was used to examine the relation between GGT and T2DM. A two-sample MR was performed to investigate the causal effect of GGT (61,089 individuals, mostly of European ancestry) on T2DM (29,193 cases and 182,573 controls of European ancestry). Results: GGT was related to glucose metabolism indicators, such as fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin ( Conclusions: Our analysis of observational study suggested that GGT, its increment, within a certain range, is indicative of the development of T2DM. However, MR analysis provided no evidence that GGT is a linear causal factor of T2DM. Further investigation is required to determine if GGT exerts a non-linear causal effect on T2DM.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin A ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2022.899008
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Article ; Online: Low-Dose Radiation Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of AGE-Treated Endothelial Progenitor Cells Derived from Bone Marrow via Activating SDF-1/CXCR4/ERK Signaling Pathway.

Wang, Ping / Zhang, Haifeng / Li, Zhuo / Liu, Xiaobo / Jin, Yingli / Lei, Manman / Jiao, Zixuan / Bi, Yaru / Guo, Weiying

Radiation research

2019 Volume 191, Issue 6, Page(s) 518–526

Abstract: Low-dose radiation (LDR) has been confirmed to mobilize bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and promote diabetic wound healing. But it is unclear whether LDR acts directly on EPCs and promotes their proliferation and migration. Given ... ...

Abstract	Low-dose radiation (LDR) has been confirmed to mobilize bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and promote diabetic wound healing. But it is unclear whether LDR acts directly on EPCs and promotes their proliferation and migration. Given the key role of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) in the pathogenesis of diabetes, we used AGE to induce EPC damage. We then investigated the effect of LDR on the proliferation and migration of AGE-treated EPCs and explored the underlying mechanisms. EPCs cultured
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cell Movement/radiation effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects ; Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology ; Male ; Phenotype ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/radiation effects ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/drug effects ; Stem Cells/radiation effects
Chemical Substances	CXCL12 protein, rat ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Cxcr4 protein, rat ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80322-4
ISSN	1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
ISSN (online)	1938-5404
ISSN	0033-7587
DOI	10.1667/RR15200.1
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Article: Clinical Evidence of the Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase and Diabetic Kidney Disease.

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Article ; Online: White blood cells and type 2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study.

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Article: The association of alanine aminotransferase and diabetic microvascular complications: A Mendelian randomization study.

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Article: Association between liver enzymes and type 2 diabetes: a real-world study.

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Article: Analysis of the effect of glutamyltransferase on hyperlipidemia based on decision tree.

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Article ; Online: Effects of omega-3 supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with gestational diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

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Article: To explore association between gamma-glutamyl transferase and type 2 diabetes using a real-world study and mendelian randomization analysis.

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Article ; Online: Low-Dose Radiation Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of AGE-Treated Endothelial Progenitor Cells Derived from Bone Marrow via Activating SDF-1/CXCR4/ERK Signaling Pathway.

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