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Article: Personalized Medicine in Acute Care Surgery: Are We Ready to Deal with Our Failures?

Bini, Roberto / Altomare, Michele

2022 Volume 12, Issue 8

Abstract: During the first decade of the 21st century, the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), the Western Trauma Association (WTA), the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST), and the American Association for the Surgery of ... ...

Abstract	During the first decade of the 21st century, the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), the Western Trauma Association (WTA), the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST), and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) established an ad hoc committee to develop a new specialty that embraces trauma surgery, critical surgical care, and emergency surgery [...].
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm12081322
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: High-pressure structure and reactivity of crystalline bibenzyl: Insights and prospects for the synthesis of functional double-core carbon nanothreads.

Agati, Milo / Romi, Sebastiano / Fanetti, Samuele / Bini, Roberto

The Journal of chemical physics

2023 Volume 159, Issue 24

Abstract: The high-pressure synthesis of double-core nanothreads derived from pseudo-stilbene crystals represents a captivating approach to isolate within the thread chromophores or functional groups without altering its mechanical properties. These entities can ... ...

Abstract	The high-pressure synthesis of double-core nanothreads derived from pseudo-stilbene crystals represents a captivating approach to isolate within the thread chromophores or functional groups without altering its mechanical properties. These entities can be effectively utilized to finely tune optical properties or as preferential sites for functionalization. Bibenzyl, being isostructural with other members of this class, represents the ideal system for building co-crystals from which we can synthesize double-core nanothreads wherein bridging chromophores, such as the azo or ethylene moieties, are embedded in the desired concentration within a fully saturated environment. To achieve this, a critical step is the preliminary characterization of the high-pressure behavior of crystalline bibenzyl. We report here an accurate investigation performed through state-of-the-art spectroscopic techniques, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction up to 40 GPa. Our findings reveal a strongly anisotropic compression of the crystal, which determines, at pressures between 1 and 2 GPa, consistent modifications of the vibrational spectrum, possibly related to a torsional distortion of the molecules. A phase transition is detected between 9 and 10 GPa, leading to a high pressure phase where, above 24 GPa, the nanothread formation is observed. However, the observed reaction was limited in extent and required significantly higher pressures in comparison to other members of the pseudo-stilbene family. This comprehensive study is imperative in laying the foundation for future endeavors, aiming to synthesize double-core nanothreads from pseudo-stilbene crystals, and provides crucial insights into the high-pressure behavior and phase transitions of crystalline bibenzyl.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0174157
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Article ; Online: Complexities in the structural evolution with pressure of water-ammonia mixtures.

Berni, Selene / Scelta, Demetrio / Fanetti, Samuele / Bini, Roberto

The Journal of chemical physics

2023 Volume 158, Issue 18

Abstract: The structural evolution with pressure of icy mixtures of simple molecules is a poorly explored field despite the fundamental role they play in setting the properties of the crustal icy layer of the outer planets and of their satellites. Water and ... ...

Abstract	The structural evolution with pressure of icy mixtures of simple molecules is a poorly explored field despite the fundamental role they play in setting the properties of the crustal icy layer of the outer planets and of their satellites. Water and ammonia are the two major components of these mixtures, and the crystal properties of the two pure systems and of their compounds have been studied at high pressures in a certain detail. On the contrary, the study of their heterogeneous crystalline mixtures whose properties, due to the strong N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, can be substantially altered with respect to the individual species has so far been overlooked. In this work, we performed a comparative Raman study with a high spatial resolution of the lattice phonon spectrum of both pure ammonia and water-ammonia mixtures in a pressure range of great interest for modeling the properties of icy planets' interiors. Lattice phonon spectra represent the spectroscopic signature of the molecular crystals' structure. The activation of a phonon mode in plastic NH3-III attests to a progressive reduction in the orientational disorder, which corresponds to a site symmetry reduction. This spectroscopic hallmark allowed us to solve the pressure evolution of H2O-NH3-AHH (ammonia hemihydrate) solid mixtures, which present a remarkably different behavior from the pure crystals likely to be ascribed to the role of the strong H-bonds between water and ammonia molecules characterizing the crystallites' surface.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0150639
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Article ; Online: Exploring High-Pressure Polymorphism in Carbonic Acid through Direct Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide Clathrate Hydrate.

Berni, Selene / Scelta, Demetrio / Romi, Sebastiano / Fanetti, Samuele / Alabarse, Frederico / Pagliai, Marco / Bini, Roberto

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

2024 Volume 63, Issue 22, Page(s) e202403953

Abstract: Carbon dioxide ( ... ...

Abstract	Carbon dioxide (CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2011836-3
ISSN	1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
ISSN (online)	1521-3773
ISSN	1433-7851
DOI	10.1002/anie.202403953
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Article: Structure–Reactivity Relationship in the High-Pressure Formation of Double-Core Carbon Nanothreads from Azobenzene Crystal

Romi, Sebastiano / Fanetti, Samuele / Alabarse, Frederico / Bini, Roberto

Journal of physical chemistry. 2021 July 29, v. 125, no. 31

2021

Abstract: Saturated carbon nanothreads are one of the most attractive new materials produced under high pressure in the last years. Nanothreads can be considered as a monodimensional diamond; in fact, they preserve some of the mechanical properties of the diamond ... ...

Abstract	Saturated carbon nanothreads are one of the most attractive new materials produced under high pressure in the last years. Nanothreads can be considered as a monodimensional diamond; in fact, they preserve some of the mechanical properties of the diamond itself, like stiffness, but their intrinsic flexibility makes them excellent nanowires. Since their discovery, many advancements have been made, and nowadays, they can be obtained from the compression of several aromatic molecular crystals. However, it is often not clear why certain starting crystals give high-quality nanothreads while others do not or which are the best conditions for the synthesis in terms of pressure, temperature, compression rate, and reaction time. In other words, the mechanisms that allow their formation with respect to other byproducts are often unclear. This is an important piece of information that can be used for the design of a synthetic strategy for the production of functional materials with targeted characteristics, like conductivity and electro-optical properties, while preserving the mechanical ones. Here, we report an X-ray diffraction study in which we followed the transformation induced by the pressure of trans-azobenzene using polycrystalline samples compressed with and without a pressure-transmitting medium. With this approach, we were able to highlight the structural relations along the reactive path leading to double-core saturated carbon nanothreads. The features that we discovered could be common to all pseudo-stilbene crystals, a class of compounds isostructural to azobenzene and characterized by two phenyl rings connected by a variety of different linkers, thus representing excellent starting materials for the synthesis of functional nanothreads.
Keywords	X-ray diffraction ; carbon ; nanowires ; physical chemistry ; temperature
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0729
Size	p. 17174-17182.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ISSN	1932-7455
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c04003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Nine year in-hospital mortality trends in a high-flow level one trauma center in Italy.

Reitano, Elisa / Bini, Roberto / Difino, Margherita / Chiara, Osvaldo / Cimbanassi, Stefania

Updates in surgery

2022 Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 1445–1451

Abstract: Trauma is the leading cause of death in young people with a considerable socio-economic impact worldwide. A trimodal distribution of trauma mortality was described in the past, but recently different studies underlined a progressive change in trauma ... ...

Abstract	Trauma is the leading cause of death in young people with a considerable socio-economic impact worldwide. A trimodal distribution of trauma mortality was described in the past, but recently different studies underlined a progressive change in trauma mortality distribution linked to improvement in trauma care. This study aimed to analyze the mortality trends in a Level-One Trauma Center in Italy. Data on 6065 patients consecutively admitted to the Trauma Center between 2011 and 2020 were selected and retrospectively analyzed. Causes of Death (CODs) and time of death were stratified in four main groups and the patient sample was further divided into five age groups. Multivariate regression models were then performed to identify independent predictors of mortality. The most common COD in all age groups was Central Nervous System injuries. Immediate deaths (in ED) affected mostly patients over 75 years of age (34.3%). Deaths caused by massive hemorrhage occurred soon upon arrival in the ED, whereas deaths due to other causes (e.g. sepsis, MOF) after the first week. Patients' characteristics, the need for emergency procedures and high trauma severity scores were independent predictors of deaths. This study represented the first analysis on trauma mortality distribution in Italy over a nine-year period. The trimodal distribution described in the past seems to be no longer present in Italy, due to improvements in trauma systems and critical care. However, the high number of immediate and acute deaths underlies a persisting need for efforts in injury prevention and control .
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Italy ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Trauma Centers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-13
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2572692-4
ISSN	2038-3312 ; 2038-131X
ISSN (online)	2038-3312
ISSN	2038-131X
DOI	10.1007/s13304-022-01303-8
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Article ; Online: High temperature decomposition of polymeric carbon monoxide at pressures up to 120 GPa.

Scelta, Demetrio / Ceppatelli, Matteo / Bini, Roberto / Pakhomova, Anna / Garbarino, Gaston / Mezouar, Mohamed / Santoro, Mario

The Journal of chemical physics

2023 Volume 159, Issue 8

Abstract: While polymeric carbon monoxide (pCO) has been experimentally found to remain amorphous and undecomposed at room temperature up to 50 GPa, the question of whether crystalline counterparts of it can be obtained naturally raises. From different ... ...

Abstract	While polymeric carbon monoxide (pCO) has been experimentally found to remain amorphous and undecomposed at room temperature up to 50 GPa, the question of whether crystalline counterparts of it can be obtained naturally raises. From different computational studies, it can be inferred that either the crystallization of amorphous pCO (a-pCO) or its decomposition into a mixture of CxOy suboxides (x > y) or carbon and CO2 may occur. In this study, we report experimental investigations of the high temperature (700-4000 K) transformation of a-pCO in the 47-120 GPa pressure range, conducted by x-ray diffraction in laser heated diamond anvil cells. Our results show the formation of no crystalline phases other than CO2 phase V, thus indicating the decomposition of the pristine a-pCO into CO2 and, likely, a mixture of amorphous CxOy suboxides and amorphous carbon hardly detectable at extreme conditions. These results support the theoretical picture of the pCO decomposition. We also show that the pressure-temperature kinetic border for this decomposition is very steep, thus indicating a strongly pressure-dependent kinetic barrier.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3113-6
ISSN	1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
ISSN (online)	1089-7690
ISSN	0021-9606
DOI	10.1063/5.0157907
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Article: Accessing the Activation Mechanisms of Ethylene Photo-Polymerization under Pressure by Transient Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy

Romi, Sebastiano / Fanetti, Samuele / Bini, Roberto

Journal of physical chemistry. 2020 Aug. 26, v. 124, no. 37

2020

Abstract: The ambient temperature photoinduced polymerization of compressed (P < 1 GPa) fluid ethylene was characterized by transient infrared absorption spectroscopy with a resolution of few nanoseconds, 3 orders of magnitude higher than previously reported. The ... ...

Abstract	The ambient temperature photoinduced polymerization of compressed (P < 1 GPa) fluid ethylene was characterized by transient infrared absorption spectroscopy with a resolution of few nanoseconds, 3 orders of magnitude higher than previously reported. The reaction has been studied under both one- and two-photon excitation evidencing in the latter case its occurrence only in the presence of different transition metal oxides. Their photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the stabilization of the excited biradicals through electron density exchange between the d orbitals of the metal and the π antibonding orbitals of ethylene which lengthens the lifetime of the biradicals. In both one- and two-photon activation cases the polymerization is characterized by an initial step distinguished by a molecularity of 0.15 ± 0.02 identified as the activation step of the reaction lasting, in the one-photon excitation case, a few hundreds of nanoseconds. Using pulsed excitation the reaction evolves toward a free radical polymerization only under one-photon excitation whereas the critical concentration of radicals required to propagate the reaction is never achieved in the two-photon excitation case. Comparison with continuous wave excitation unambiguously identifies in the average power released to the sample the key factor to drive quantitatively and qualitatively the polymerization.
Keywords	ambient temperature ; ethylene ; free radicals ; infrared spectroscopy ; photocatalysis ; physical chemistry ; polymerization
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0826
Size	p. 8149-8157.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	1520-5207
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06244
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Growth Dynamics of Crystalline Ar Hydrate

Fanetti, Samuele / Scelta, Demetrio / Bini, Roberto

Journal of physical chemistry. 2020 Apr. 13, v. 124, no. 18

2020

Abstract: The formation of a clathrate hydrate crystal is characterized by several steps, each of them distinguished by a different structural arrangement and temporal duration. A precise definition of these different forms is a challenging task, because the ... ...

Abstract	The formation of a clathrate hydrate crystal is characterized by several steps, each of them distinguished by a different structural arrangement and temporal duration. A precise definition of these different forms is a challenging task, because the entirety of the formation dynamics spans over a time interval ranging from few nanoseconds to several days. Computational methods are powerful and essential to define the nucleation step, but they fail in providing a reliable picture of the long-range order establishment. On the other side, the experimental methods employed in the study of the growth dynamics usually monitor the hydrate growth at the interface with the fluid and thus are limited by the diffusion of the guest molecules through the newly formed hydrate phase. This problem is overcome here by the confinement of an argon hydrate sample in a sapphire anvil cell, allowing monitoring of the melting and crystallization of hydrates under moderate pressures by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. This approach, besides providing a spectroscopic characterization of this hydrate, allowed the time windows characteristic of the formation of a macroscopic amorphous phase to be identified, possibly coincident with the so-called blob, and its rapid evolution toward the achievement of the local structure. Long-range ordering takes place on a longer time scale, most of it is realized in few hours but still evolving for weeks. No hints for supporting the so-called memory effect are gained through this study.
Keywords	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; argon (noble gases) ; computational methodology ; crystallization ; melting ; monitoring ; spectral analysis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0413
Size	p. 10159-10166.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ISSN	1932-7455
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c00386
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Accessing the Activation Mechanisms of Ethylene Photo-Polymerization under Pressure by Transient Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy.

Romi, Sebastiano / Fanetti, Samuele / Bini, Roberto

The journal of physical chemistry. B

2020 Volume 124, Issue 37, Page(s) 8149–8157

Abstract: The ambient temperature photoinduced polymerization of compressed ( ...

Abstract	The ambient temperature photoinduced polymerization of compressed (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1520-5207
ISSN (online)	1520-5207
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06244
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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