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  1. Book ; Online: Environmental Impact Assessment of Buildings

    Biswas, Wahidul K.

    2020  

    Abstract: This Special Issue covers a wide range of areas-including building orientation, service life, use of photocatalytically active structures and PV facades, implications of transportation system, building types (id est, high rise, multilevel, commercial, ... ...

    Abstract This Special Issue covers a wide range of areas-including building orientation, service life, use of photocatalytically active structures and PV facades, implications of transportation system, building types (id est, high rise, multilevel, commercial, residential), life cycle assessment, and structural engineering-that need to be considered in the environmental impact assessment of buildings, and the chapters include case studies across the globe. Consideration of these strategies would help reduce energy and material consumption, environmental emissions, and waste generation associated with all phases of a building's life cycle. Chapter 1 demonstrates that green star concrete exhibits the same structural properties as conventional concrete in Australia. Chapter 2 showed that the use of TiO2 as a photocatalyst on the surface of construction materials with a suitable stable binding agent, such as aggregates, would enable building walls to absorb NOx from air.-

    This study found that TiO2 has the potential to reduce ambient concentrations of NOx from areas where this pollutant becomes concentrated under solar irradiation. Chapter 3 presents the life cycle assessment of architecturally integrated glass-glass photovoltaics in building facades to find the appropriate material composition for a multicolored PV façade offering improved environmental performance. Chapter 4 shows that urban office buildings lacking appropriate orientation experienced indoor overheating. Chapter 5 details four modeling approaches that were implemented to estimate buildings' response towards load shedding. Chapter 6 covers the life cycle GHG emissions of high-rise residential housing block to discover opportunities for environmental improvement. Chapter 7 discusses an LCA framework that took into account variation in the service life of buildings associated with the use of different types of materials.-

    Chapter 8 presents a useful data mining algorithm to conduct life cycle asset management in residential developments built on transport systems
    Keywords Technology (General) ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
    Size 1 electronic resource (168 pages)
    Publisher MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020480852
    ISBN 9783039282432 ; 9783039282449 ; 3039282433 ; 3039282441
    DOI 10.3390/books978-3-03928-244-9
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: Eco-efficiency assessment of wave energy conversion in Western Australia

    Burgess, Callum / Biswas, Wahidul K

    Journal of cleaner production. 2021 Aug. 20, v. 312

    2021  

    Abstract: Western Australia is an ideal location for wave energy conversion with some of the highest energy density waves in the world. Renewable energy technologies have had an emerging presence in Australia, seen as a vehicle to decarbonise energy generation and ...

    Abstract Western Australia is an ideal location for wave energy conversion with some of the highest energy density waves in the world. Renewable energy technologies have had an emerging presence in Australia, seen as a vehicle to decarbonise energy generation and provide a sustainable future. This paper examines the environmental and economic feasibility of energy generation from wave energy conversion in Western Australia by undertaking an Eco-Efficiency Analysis (EEA). The environmental impacts of wave energy converters (WEC) were assessed by application of a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) while the economic performance considered the Life Cycle Costing (LCC). An eco-efficiency portfolio was developed to visualise the sustainability of coastal energy generation options – wave generation, offshore wind and diesel generation – finding that wave generation was the most eco-efficient option and could be deemed a sustainable energy generation technology. The LCA results were comparable to literature, validating the impact assessment. The proposed wave device was estimated to produce a global warming potential of 27.3 kg CO₂ eq/MWh and have a levelised cost of energy at 134 $AUD/MWh. The environmental impact of the device was significantly lower than alternative coastal energy generation methods in Western Australia while the associated cost of energy remained competitive. This favourable assessment using the eco-efficiency framework confirmed that the application of WEC in Western Australia would be an eco-efficient option and that research should be undertaken to develop this technology as a key player in the transition to a sustainable energy industry.
    Keywords eco-efficiency ; economic feasibility ; economic performance ; energy conversion ; energy density ; energy industry ; environmental impact ; life cycle assessment ; water power ; wind ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0820
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0959-6526
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127814
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  3. Article ; Online: Development of triple bottom line indicators for life cycle sustainability assessment of residential bulidings.

    Janjua, Shahana Y / Sarker, Prabir K / Biswas, Wahidul K

    Journal of environmental management

    2020  Volume 264, Page(s) 110476

    Abstract: The growth of the building sector represents the progress of civilizations. There are environmental, social and economic implications, impeding the sustainability performance of buildings. A holistic life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) framework ... ...

    Abstract The growth of the building sector represents the progress of civilizations. There are environmental, social and economic implications, impeding the sustainability performance of buildings. A holistic life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) framework is inevitable to address the integrated sustainability performance of residential buildings. This paper aims to develop triple bottom line indicators to assess the sustainability performance of buildings, including sustainability objectives, impact categories and key performance indicators (KPIs) to implement in the life cycle sustainability assessment framework. The indicators have been developed through the consensus survey involving area experts from four key stakeholders' categories including, government and Engineers Australia, academia, practitioners, and structural engineers. A list of KPIs was compiled through a literature review, followed by an online census survey to collect feedback from the participants in terms of relevance and importance of initally selected KPIs. Secondly, a modified list of triple bottom line (TBL) KPIs and their weights was developed based on respondents' feedback. Finally, the threshold values were assigned to the selected KPIs and the LCSA framework was tested using a hypothetical case study. The LCSA framework using these scientifically valid KPIs would assist stakeholders to assess the sustainability performance of residential buildings and to identify the hotspots for proposing well-informed industry strategies in Western Australia.
    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Consensus ; Engineering ; Industry ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110476
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  4. Article: Eco-efficiency improvement of Western Australian remote area power supply

    Arceo, Aldrick / Biswas, Wahidul K / John, Michele

    Journal of cleaner production. 2019 Sept. 01, v. 230

    2019  

    Abstract: Hybrid energy systems have been used in remote area power supply (RAPS) systems to assist in the development and deployment of renewable energy. Part of its benefit is the reduction of CO2 emissions from the decreased utilisation of fossil-fuelled ... ...

    Abstract Hybrid energy systems have been used in remote area power supply (RAPS) systems to assist in the development and deployment of renewable energy. Part of its benefit is the reduction of CO2 emissions from the decreased utilisation of fossil-fuelled electricity generation and the reduction in operation and maintenance cost as fossil fuel consumption is offset. This study uses an eco-efficiency analysis (EEA) framework to explore the environmental and economic performance of the current hybrid RAPS systems in Western Australia. The framework integrates life cycle assessment (LCA), eco-efficiency strategies, life cycle costing (LCC) and eco-efficiency portfolio analysis to propose eco-efficiency improvement of these systems. The results show that improving the load restriction of diesel engines, installing exhaust gas recirculation on diesel engines and installing rooftop solar PV on the residential houses of the RAPS system could potentially reduce life cycle CO2 emissions by 9% and the life cycle cost by 1%. The EEA framework presented in this study is expected to provide relevant information to assist energy planners and policy makers for further development and deployment of renewable energy in Australia.
    Keywords carbon dioxide ; diesel engines ; eco-efficiency ; economic performance ; electricity generation ; energy use and consumption ; fossil fuels ; greenhouse gas emissions ; issues and policy ; life cycle assessment ; life cycle costing ; renewable energy sources ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0901
    Size p. 820-834.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0959-6526
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.106
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  5. Article: Carbon footprint and embodied energy assessment of a civil works program in a residential estate of Western Australia

    Biswas, Wahidul K

    international journal of life cycle assessment. 2014 Apr., v. 19, no. 4

    2014  

    Abstract: PURPOSE: With building construction and demolition waste accounting for 50� % of land fill space, the diversion of reusable materials is essential for Perth”s environment. The reuse and recovery of embodied energy-intensive construction materials during ... ...

    Abstract PURPOSE: With building construction and demolition waste accounting for 50� % of land fill space, the diversion of reusable materials is essential for Perth”s environment. The reuse and recovery of embodied energy-intensive construction materials during civil engineering works programs can offer significant energy savings and assist in the mitigation of the carbon footprint. METHODS: A streamlined life cycle assessment, with limited focus, was carried out to determine the carbon footprint and embodied energy associated with a 100-m section of road base. A life cycle inventory of inputs (energy and materials) for all processes that occurred during the development of a 100-m road section was developed. Information regarding the energy and materials used for road construction work was obtained from the Perth-based firm, Cossill and Webley, Consulting Engineers. These inputs were inserted into Simapro LCA software to calculate the associated greenhouse gas emissions and embodied energy required for the construction and maintenance of a 100-m road section using. Two approaches were employed; a traditional approach that predominantly employed virgin materials, and a recycling approach. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The GHG emissions and embodied energy associated with the construction of a 100-m road section using virgin materials are 180� tonnes of CO₂-e and 10.7� terajoules (TJ), respectively. The substitution of crushed rock with recycled brick road base does not appear to reduce the carbon footprint in the pre-construction stage (i.e. from mining to material construction, plus transportation of materials to the construction site). However, this replacement could potentially offer environmental benefits by reducing quarrying activities, which would not only conserve native bushland but also reduce the loss of biodiversity along with reducing the space and cost requirements associated with landfill. In terms of carbon footprint, it appears that GHG emissions are reduced significantly when using recycled asphalt, as opposed to other materials. About 22 to 30� % of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be avoided by replacing 50 to 100� % of virgin asphalt with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) during the maintenance period. CONCLUSIONS: The use of recycled building and road construction materials such as asphalt, concrete, and limestone can potentially reduce the embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with road construction. The recycling approach that uses 100� % reused crushed rock base and recycled concrete rubble, and 15� % RAP during the maintenance period could reduce the total carbon footprint by approximately 6� %. This large carbon saving in pavement construction is made possible by increasing the percentage of RAP in the wearing course.
    Keywords biodiversity ; building construction ; carbon ; computer software ; concrete ; construction materials ; ecosystem services ; embodied energy ; engineers ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gases ; landfills ; life cycle inventory ; limestone ; mining ; recycling ; road construction ; shrublands ; transportation ; wastes ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-04
    Size p. 732-744.
    Publishing place Springer-Verlag
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2009386-X
    ISSN 1614-7502 ; 0948-3349
    ISSN (online) 1614-7502
    ISSN 0948-3349
    DOI 10.1007/s11367-013-0681-2
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  6. Article: A life cycle assessment of processed meat products supplied to Barrow Island: A Western Australian case study

    Biswas, Wahidul K / Gary Naude

    Journal of food engineering. 2016 July, v. 180

    2016  

    Abstract: This research aims to assess the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) as well as the embodied energy associated with two value added processed meat products supplied to an offshore mining site at Barrow Island, Western Australia. A beef product (Canon ... ...

    Abstract This research aims to assess the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) as well as the embodied energy associated with two value added processed meat products supplied to an offshore mining site at Barrow Island, Western Australia. A beef product (Canon Foods Swedish Meatballs) and a chicken product (Canon Foods Crunchy Garlic Chicken Breast) are produced at the Canon Foods facility in Cannington, Western Australia and transported to the final location of Barrow Island by way of their gateway port at Dampier, Western Australia. Using streamlined life cycle assessment (SLCA) methodology, it was estimated that the environmental impact of 1 kJ equivalent amount of Canon's Swedish Meatballs is 1.09 g CO2-e of GHG emissions and 4.15 kJ of embodied energy, while the impact of Canon's Crunchy Garlic Chicken Breast is 0.38 g CO2-e of GHG emissions and 5.08 kJ of embodied energy. The life cycle assessment demonstrates that the main cause of the GHG emissions and the high final embodied energy of the product can be linked primarily to the pre-farm inputs of the meat products and not the value adding process itself. The bulk of the GHG emissions of the final value added product can be attributed to the livestock ingredients, particularly beef based products, while the high embodied energy can be attributed to the amount of processing that inputs underwent prior to the Canon value adding process.
    Keywords beef ; case studies ; chickens ; embodied energy ; environmental impact ; garlic ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gases ; ingredients ; life cycle assessment ; mining ; processed meat ; value added ; value-added products ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-07
    Size p. 48-59.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 622518-4
    ISSN 0260-8774
    ISSN 0260-8774
    DOI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.02.008
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5086: Show issues

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  7. Article: Sustainable utilization of lime kiln dust as active filler in hot mix asphalt with moisture damage resistance

    Jitsanigam, Peerapong / Biswas, Wahidul K / Compton, Martyn

    Sustainable materials and technologies. 2018 Sept., v. 17

    2018  

    Abstract: The Australian flexible road pavement network is experiencing a considerable degree of reveling and stripping damage in association with moisture. The next generation of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures in Australia needs to have excellent engineering ... ...

    Abstract The Australian flexible road pavement network is experiencing a considerable degree of reveling and stripping damage in association with moisture. The next generation of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures in Australia needs to have excellent engineering properties as well as higher resistance to moisture damage. Hydrated lime (HL) with a relatively high content of active lime is used in HMA mixtures to improve engineering properties, and particularly to enhance the resistance of HMA mixture to moisture. HL is currently considered a superior mineral filler to crushed rock baghouse dust but it is commercially produced and relatively expensive. Lime kiln dust (LKD) is an industrial by-product which has hydrated lime HMA filler-like properties with similar fineness and a relatively high content of active lime. The lime components in LKD assists in promoting resistance to the stripping common in siliceous acidic aggregates. This project aims to determine an optimum proportion of LKD in an LKD-asphalt binder mixture, based on the properties of viscoelasticity and aggregate adhesion. Dynamic shear rheometer testing and rolling bottle tests were used to evaluate the properties of the LKD-asphalt binder mixtures with varying LKD content. The test results indicated that a 50% LKD content in the LKD-HMA binder mixture provided superior viscoelasticity properties., an acceptable adhesion of asphalt to aggregates was also observed. Last but not the least, a ‘cradle to gate’ life cycle assessment was carried out to capture the benefits of the use of LKD by-product. This showed that GHG emissions and embodied energy demand could potentially be reduced by 18.5% and 2.4%, respectively if a 50% LKD asphalt binder by mass mixture was used in the LKD-HMA mix.
    Keywords adhesion ; bitumen ; calcium hydroxide ; dust ; embodied energy ; engineering ; fineness ; greenhouse gas emissions ; industrial byproducts ; kilns ; life cycle assessment ; pavements ; rheometers ; viscoelasticity ; Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2214-9937
    DOI 10.1016/j.susmat.2018.e00071
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  8. Article: Development of triple bottom line indicators for life cycle sustainability assessment of residential bulidings

    Janjua, Shahana Y / Sarker, Prabir K / Biswas, Wahidul K

    Journal of environmental management. 2020 June 15, v. 264

    2020  

    Abstract: The growth of the building sector represents the progress of civilizations. There are environmental, social and economic implications, impeding the sustainability performance of buildings. A holistic life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) framework ... ...

    Abstract The growth of the building sector represents the progress of civilizations. There are environmental, social and economic implications, impeding the sustainability performance of buildings. A holistic life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) framework is inevitable to address the integrated sustainability performance of residential buildings. This paper aims to develop triple bottom line indicators to assess the sustainability performance of buildings, including sustainability objectives, impact categories and key performance indicators (KPIs) to implement in the life cycle sustainability assessment framework. The indicators have been developed through the consensus survey involving area experts from four key stakeholders' categories including, government and Engineers Australia, academia, practitioners, and structural engineers. A list of KPIs was compiled through a literature review, followed by an online census survey to collect feedback from the participants in terms of relevance and importance of initally selected KPIs. Secondly, a modified list of triple bottom line (TBL) KPIs and their weights was developed based on respondents’ feedback. Finally, the threshold values were assigned to the selected KPIs and the LCSA framework was tested using a hypothetical case study. The LCSA framework using these scientifically valid KPIs would assist stakeholders to assess the sustainability performance of residential buildings and to identify the hotspots for proposing well-informed industry strategies in Western Australia.
    Keywords buildings ; case studies ; experts ; life cycle sustainability assessment ; residential housing ; stakeholders ; surveys ; sustainable engineering ; Western Australia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0615
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110476
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  9. Article: Environmental implications of the use of bio-cement treated recycled aggregate in concrete

    Mistri, Abhijit / Dhami, Navdeep / Bhattacharyya, Sriman Kumar / Barai, Sudhirkumar V. / Mukherjee, Abhijit / Biswas, Wahidul K

    Resources, conservation, and recycling. 2021 Apr., v. 167

    2021  

    Abstract: Use of aggregates from recycled construction and demolition wastes in concretes alleviates the disposal problem and reduces the cost of concrete significantly. However, excessive water absorption, weak interfacial transition zone, and high porosity are ... ...

    Abstract Use of aggregates from recycled construction and demolition wastes in concretes alleviates the disposal problem and reduces the cost of concrete significantly. However, excessive water absorption, weak interfacial transition zone, and high porosity are its shortcomings. This study explores a bacterial cement and conventional cement slurry coating treatment on recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) for overcoming these shortcomings. In the first method, microbial carbonate precipitation (MCP) through bio-mineralization treatment has been utilized. Four different concretes were made using both control and treated aggregates. Once the performance of these concrete mixes was found adequate, a life cycle assessment was conducted using ISO14040–44 guideline to determine their environmental impacts. The experimental results confirmed that concrete with MCP treated aggregate offered better material performance than the untreated recycled aggregate based concrete mixes and possessed similar properties as natural aggregate concrete. While MCP process avoided the use of energy intensive cement, this research discovers that concrete with MCP treated aggregates was found to produce marginally higher environmental impacts than other concrete mixes mainly due to additional emissions associated with the bio-cement treatment of RCA. Further environmental mitigation strategies for concrete with MCP treated aggregates has considered to improve its environmental performance in terms of global warming impact and cumulative energy demand. This study demonstrates that the use of 100% RCA delivers significant environmental benefits in terms of ecological footprints, land conservation and biodiversity in a densely populated region like India.
    Keywords biodiversity ; biomineralization ; carbonates ; cement ; concrete ; energy ; environmental performance ; guidelines ; land management ; life cycle assessment ; porosity ; slurries ; water uptake ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-04
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1498716-8
    ISSN 0921-3449
    ISSN 0921-3449
    DOI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105436
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  10. Article ; Online: Carbon footprint assessment of Western Australian Groundwater Recycling Scheme.

    Simms, Andrew / Hamilton, Stacey / Biswas, Wahidul K

    Environmental management

    2017  Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 557–570

    Abstract: This research has determined the carbon footprint or the carbon dioxide equivalent ( ... ...

    Abstract This research has determined the carbon footprint or the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO
    MeSH term(s) Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Carbon Footprint ; Groundwater/chemistry ; Recycling ; Salinity ; Water Purification/methods ; Western Australia
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478932-2
    ISSN 1432-1009 ; 0364-152X
    ISSN (online) 1432-1009
    ISSN 0364-152X
    DOI 10.1007/s00267-016-0816-x
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