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Article: Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis as a Common Complication of a Rare Disease: A Systematic Review.

Lindroos, Jenny Linnea Victoria / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Gilhus, Nils Erik

2024 Volume 13, Issue 4

Abstract: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease. Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (TNMG) is caused by pathogenic maternal autoantibodies that cross the placenta and disrupt signaling at the neuromuscular junction. This is a systematic review of ... ...

Abstract	Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease. Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (TNMG) is caused by pathogenic maternal autoantibodies that cross the placenta and disrupt signaling at the neuromuscular junction. This is a systematic review of this transient immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated disease. TNMG affects 10-20% of children born to mothers with MG. The severity of symptoms ranges from minor feeding difficulties to life-threatening respiratory weakness. Minor symptoms might go unnoticed but can still interfere with breastfeeding. Acetylcholine-esterase inhibitors and antibody-clearing therapies such as immunoglobulins can be used to treat TNMG, but most children do well with observation only. TNMG is self-limiting within weeks as circulating antibodies are naturally cleared from the blood. In rare cases, TNMG is associated with permanent skeletal malformations or permanent myopathy. The mother's antibodies can also lead to spontaneous abortions. All healthcare professionals meeting pregnant or birthing women with MG or their neonates should be aware of TNMG. TNMG is hard to predict. Reoccurrence is common among siblings. Pre-pregnancy thymectomy and intravenous immunoglobulins during pregnancy reduce the risk. Neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor (FcRn) blocking drugs for MG might reduce TNMG risk.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm13041136
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Article ; Online: Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis Development: A Review of Potential Mechanisms.

Eid, Karine / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Gilhus, Nils Erik / Torkildsen, Øivind

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 3

Abstract: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, contribute to long-term systemic toxic stress and inflammation that may last well into adulthood. Such early-life stressors have been associated with increased ... ...

Abstract	Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, contribute to long-term systemic toxic stress and inflammation that may last well into adulthood. Such early-life stressors have been associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) in observational studies and with the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in animal models. In this review, we summarize the evidence for an ACE-mediated increase in MS risk, as well as the potential mechanisms for this association. ACEs dysregulate neurodevelopment, stress responses, and immune reactivity; they also alter the interplay between the immune system and neural networks. All of this may be relevant for MS risk. We further discuss how ACEs induce epigenetic changes and how the toxic stress caused by ACEs may reactivate the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a key risk factor for MS. We conclude by suggesting new initiatives to obtain further insights into this topic.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Multiple Sclerosis/etiology ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Child Abuse
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25031520
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Article ; Online: Identification and characterization of migraine in pregnancy: A Norwegian registry-based cohort study.

Mitter, Vera R / Lupattelli, Angela / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Nordeng, Hedvig M E

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache

2024 Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 3331024241248846

Abstract: Background: Migraine is common in women of reproductive age. Migraine's episodic manifestation and acute and preventive pharmacological treatment options challenge studying drug safety for this condition during pregnancy. To improve such studies, we ... ...

Abstract	Background: Migraine is common in women of reproductive age. Migraine's episodic manifestation and acute and preventive pharmacological treatment options challenge studying drug safety for this condition during pregnancy. To improve such studies, we aimed to develop algorithms to identify and characterize migraines in electronic healthcare registries and to assess the level of care. Methods: We linked four registries to detect pregnancies from 2009-2018 and used three algorithms for migraine identification: i) diagnostic codes, ii) triptans dispensed, and iii) a combination of both. We assessed migraine severity using dispensed drugs as proxies. ICD-10 diagnostic subcodes of migraine (G43) allowed the allocation of four subtypes: complicated and/or status migrainosus; with aura; without aura; other/unspecified. Results: We included 535,089 pregnancies in 367,908 women with available one-year lookback. The prevalence of migraines identified was 2.9%-4.3% before, and 0.8%-1.5% during pregnancy, depending on algorithm used. Pregnant women with migraine were mostly managed in primary care. Conclusions: Primary care data in combination with drug dispensation records were instrumental for identification of migraine in electronic healthcare registries. Data from secondary care and drug dispensations allow better characterization of migraines. Jointly, these algorithms may contribute to improved perinatal pharmacoepidemiological studies in this population by addressing confounding by maternal migraine indication.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Migraine Disorders/epidemiology ; Migraine Disorders/diagnosis ; Migraine Disorders/drug therapy ; Registries ; Norway/epidemiology ; Adult ; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis ; Cohort Studies ; Tryptamines/therapeutic use ; Algorithms ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Tryptamines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604567-4
ISSN	1468-2982 ; 0333-1024
ISSN (online)	1468-2982
ISSN	0333-1024
DOI	10.1177/03331024241248846
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Article ; Online: Benefits and Risks of Periconceptional Folic Acid Supplementation-Reply.

Vegrim, Håkon Magne / Tomson, Torbjörn / Bjørk, Marte-Helene

JAMA neurology

2023 Volume 80, Issue 4, Page(s) 421–422

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Folic Acid/adverse effects ; Dietary Supplements ; Risk Assessment
Chemical Substances	Folic Acid (935E97BOY8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2702023-X
ISSN	2168-6157 ; 2168-6149
ISSN (online)	2168-6157
ISSN	2168-6149
DOI	10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.0092
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Article ; Online: What predicts citation counts and translational impact in headache research? A machine learning analysis.

Danelakis, Antonios / Langseth, Helge / Nachev, Parashkev / Nelson, Amy / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Matharu, Manjit S / Tronvik, Erling / May, Arne / Stubberud, Anker

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache

2024 Volume 44, Issue 5, Page(s) 3331024241251488

Abstract: Background: We aimed to develop the first machine learning models to predict citation counts and the translational impact, defined as inclusion in guidelines or policy documents, of headache research, and assess which factors are most predictive.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: We aimed to develop the first machine learning models to predict citation counts and the translational impact, defined as inclusion in guidelines or policy documents, of headache research, and assess which factors are most predictive. Methods: Bibliometric data and the titles, abstracts, and keywords from 8600 publications in three headache-oriented journals from their inception to 31 December 2017 were used. A series of machine learning models were implemented to predict three classes of 5-year citation count intervals (0-5, 6-14 and, >14 citations); and the translational impact of a publication. Models were evaluated out-of-sample with area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Results: The top performing gradient boosting model predicted correct citation count class with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.81. Bibliometric data such as page count, number of references, first and last author citation counts and h-index were among the most important predictors. Prediction of translational impact worked optimally when including both bibliometric data and information from the title, abstract and keywords, reaching an out-of-sample AUC of 0.71 for the top performing random forest model. Conclusion: Citation counts are best predicted by bibliometric data, while models incorporating both bibliometric data and publication content identifies the translational impact of headache research.
MeSH term(s)	Machine Learning ; Bibliometrics ; Humans ; Headache ; Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data ; Translational Research, Biomedical ; Journal Impact Factor
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604567-4
ISSN	1468-2982 ; 0333-1024
ISSN (online)	1468-2982
ISSN	0333-1024
DOI	10.1177/03331024241251488
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Article ; Online: M.H. Bjørk and colleagues respond.

Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Gerstner, Thorsten Alfons / Taubøll, Erik

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2020 Volume 140, Issue 9

Title translation	M.H. Bjørk og medarbeidere svarer.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Reoperation ; Valproic Acid
Chemical Substances	Valproic Acid (614OI1Z5WI)
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2020-06-15
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.20.0453
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Article ; Online: Treating women of reproductive age with valproate.

Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Gerstner, Thorsten Alfons / Taubøll, Erik

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2020 Volume 140, Issue 7

Title translation	Valproatbehandling av fertile kvinner.
MeSH term(s)	Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Valproic Acid/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Anticonvulsants ; Valproic Acid (614OI1Z5WI)
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2020-05-04
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.19.0767
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Article ; Online: Severe Hyperhomocysteinemia in a Patient with Parkinson Disease.

Bjørke-Monsen, Anne-Lise / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Storstein, Anette / Ueland, Per Magne / Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn

Clinical chemistry

2022 Volume 68, Issue 3, Page(s) 396–401

MeSH term(s)	Drug Combinations ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/complications ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/complications
Chemical Substances	Drug Combinations ; Homocysteine (0LVT1QZ0BA)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80102-1
ISSN	1530-8561 ; 0009-9147
ISSN (online)	1530-8561
ISSN	0009-9147
DOI	10.1093/clinchem/hvab262
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Article ; Online: Effects of insufficient sleep on sensorimotor processing in migraine: A randomised, blinded crossover study of event related beta oscillations.

Mykland, Martin Syvertsen / Uglem, Martin / Bjørk, Marte-Helene / Matre, Dagfinn / Sand, Trond / Omland, Petter Moe

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache

2022 Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 3331024221148398

Abstract: Background: Migraine has a largely unexplained connection with sleep and is possibly related to a dysfunction of thalamocortical systems and cortical inhibition. In this study we investigate the effect of insufficient sleep on cortical sensorimotor ... ...

Abstract	Background: Migraine has a largely unexplained connection with sleep and is possibly related to a dysfunction of thalamocortical systems and cortical inhibition. In this study we investigate the effect of insufficient sleep on cortical sensorimotor processing in migraine. Methods: We recorded electroencephalography during a sensorimotor task from 46 interictal migraineurs and 28 controls after two nights of eight-hour habitual sleep and after two nights of four-hour restricted sleep. We compared changes in beta oscillations of the sensorimotor cortex after the two sleep conditions between migraineurs, controls and subgroups differentiating migraine subjects usually having attacks starting during sleep and not during sleep. We included preictal and postictal recordings in a secondary analysis of temporal changes in relation to attacks. Results: Interictally, we discovered lower beta synchronisation after sleep restriction in sleep related migraine compared to non-sleep related migraine (p=0.006) and controls (p=0.01). No differences were seen between controls and the total migraine group in the interictal phase. After migraine attacks, we observed lower beta synchronisation (p<0.001) and higher beta desynchronisation (p=0.002) after sleep restriction closer to the end of the attack compared to later after the attack. Conclusion: The subgroup with sleep related migraine had lower sensorimotor beta synchronisation after sleep restriction, possibly related to dysfunctional GABAergic inhibitory systems. Sufficient sleep during or immediately after migraine attacks may be of importance for maintaining normal cortical excitability.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Over Studies ; Sleep Deprivation/complications ; Migraine Disorders ; Electroencephalography ; Sensorimotor Cortex
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604567-4
ISSN	1468-2982 ; 0333-1024
ISSN (online)	1468-2982
ISSN	0333-1024
DOI	10.1177/03331024221148398
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of self-reported emotional, physical, and sexual abuse and association with fear of childbirth in pregnant women with epilepsy: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study.

Vederhus, Johannes / Husebye, Elisabeth Synnøve Nilsen / Eid, Karine / Gilhus, Nils Erik / Bjørk, Marte Helene

Epilepsia

2022 Volume 63, Issue 7, Page(s) 1822–1834

Abstract: Objective: This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of self-reported experiences with abuse in pregnant women with epilepsy and the association between having experienced abuse and childbirth expectations, particularly the fear of childbirth.! ...

Abstract	Objective: This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of self-reported experiences with abuse in pregnant women with epilepsy and the association between having experienced abuse and childbirth expectations, particularly the fear of childbirth. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of women with and without epilepsy enrolled in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study 1999-2008. Data on epilepsy diagnosis; antiseizure medication (ASM) use; emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; and childbirth expectations were collected from questionnaires completed during gestational Weeks 17-19 and 30. Results: Our study population included 295 women with ASM-treated epilepsy, 318 women with ASM-untreated epilepsy, and 93 949 women without epilepsy. A total of 115 women (47%) with ASM-treated and 132 women (57%) with ASM-untreated epilepsy reported any emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, compared to 25 100 women (32%) without epilepsy. The adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for having experienced any abuse were 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4-2.3) and 1.8 (95% CI = 1.4-2.2) for ASM-treated and ASM-untreated epilepsy, respectively. A total of 29 women (11%) with ASM-treated and 34 women (11%) with ASM-untreated epilepsy reported having been raped, compared to 3088 women (4%) without epilepsy (aORs = 2.8 [95% CI = 1.8-4.1] and 2.9 [95% CI = 2.0-4.2], respectively). In nulliparous women with ASM-untreated epilepsy, having experienced abuse was associated with fear of childbirth; 22 women (31%) with abuse experiences reported fear of childbirth compared to five women (7%) with no experience of abuse (aOR = 5.4 [95% CI = 1.7-17.2]). This association was not seen in multiparous women or in women with ASM-treated epilepsy. Significance: More women with epilepsy reported emotional, physical, and sexual abuse than women without epilepsy. Such experiences may be associated with childbirth expectations.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epilepsy/epidemiology ; Fathers ; Fear ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers/psychology ; Norway/epidemiology ; Parturition/psychology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women/psychology ; Prevalence ; Self Report ; Sex Offenses/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	216382-2
ISSN	1528-1167 ; 0013-9580
ISSN (online)	1528-1167
ISSN	0013-9580
DOI	10.1111/epi.17242
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