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  1. Article ; Online: Evaluating endocrine disrupting chemicals: A perspective on the novel assessments in CLARITY-BPA.

    Howdeshell, Kembra L / Beverly, Brandiese E J / Blain, Robyn B / Goldstone, Alexandra E / Hartman, Pamela A / Lemeris, Courtney R / Newbold, Retha R / Rooney, Andrew A / Bucher, John R

    Birth defects research

    2023  Volume 115, Issue 15, Page(s) 1345–1397

    Abstract: Background: The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA) was a collaborative research effort to better link academic research with governmental guideline studies. This review explores the secondary goal ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA) was a collaborative research effort to better link academic research with governmental guideline studies. This review explores the secondary goal of CLARITY-BPA: to identify endpoints or technologies from CLARITY-BPA and prior/concurrent literature from these laboratories that may enhance the capacity of rodent toxicity studies to detect endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).
    Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted with search terms for BPA and the CLARITY-BPA participants. Relevant studies employed a laboratory rodent model and reported results on 1 of the 10 organs/organ systems evaluated in CLARITY-BPA (brain and behavior, cardiac, immune, mammary gland, ovary, penile function, prostate gland and urethra, testis and epididymis, thyroid hormone and metabolism, and uterus). Study design and findings were summarized, and a risk-of-bias assessment was conducted.
    Results: Several endpoints and methods were identified as potentially helpful to detect effects of EDCs. For example, molecular and quantitative morphological approaches were sensitive in detecting alterations in early postnatal development of the brain, ovary, and mammary glands. Hormone challenge studies mimicking human aging reported increased susceptibility of the prostate to disease following developmental BPA exposure. Statistical analyses for nonmonotonic dose responses, and computational approaches assessing multiple treatment-related outcomes concurrently in linked hormone-sensitive organ systems, reported effects at low BPA doses.
    Conclusions: This review provided an opportunity to evaluate the unique insights provided by nontraditional assessments in CLARITY-BPA to identify technologies and endpoints to enhance detection of EDCs in future studies.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Organizations ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Phenols/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Endocrine Disruptors ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99) ; Benzhydryl Compounds ; Phenols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2104792-3
    ISSN 2472-1727
    ISSN (online) 2472-1727
    DOI 10.1002/bdr2.2238
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Systematic evidence mapping informs a class-based approach to assessing personal care products and pubertal timing.

    Taylor, Kyla W / Howdeshell, Kembra L / Bommarito, Paige A / Sibrizzi, Christopher A / Blain, Robyn B / Magnuson, Kristen / Lemeris, Courtney / Tracy, Wren / Baird, Donna D / Jackson, Chandra L / Gaston, Symielle A / Rider, Cynthia V / Walker, Vickie R / Rooney, Andrew A

    Environment international

    2023  Volume 181, Page(s) 108307

    Abstract: Background: Personal care products (PCPs) contain many different compounds and are a source of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including phthalates and phenols. Early-life exposure to EDCs commonly found in PCPs has been linked to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Personal care products (PCPs) contain many different compounds and are a source of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including phthalates and phenols. Early-life exposure to EDCs commonly found in PCPs has been linked to earlier onset of puberty.
    Objective: To characterize the human and animal evidence on the association between puberty-related outcomes and exposure to PCPs and their chemical constituents and, if there is sufficient evidence, identify groups of chemicals and outcomes to support a systematic review for a class-based hazard or risk assessment.
    Methods: We followed the OHAT systematic review framework to characterize the human and animal evidence on the association between puberty-related health outcomes and exposure to PCPs and their chemical constituents.
    Results: Ninety-eight human and 299 animal studies that evaluated a total of 96 different chemicals were identified and mapped by key concepts including chemical class, data stream, and puberty-related health outcome. Among these studies, phthalates and phenols were the most well-studied chemical classes. Most of the phthalate and phenol studies examined secondary sex characteristics and changes in estradiol and testosterone levels. Studies evaluating PCP use and other chemical classes (e.g., parabens) had less data.
    Conclusions: This systematic evidence map identified and mapped the published research evaluating the association between exposure to PCPs and their chemical constituents and puberty-related health outcomes. The resulting interactive visualization allows researchers to make evidence-based decisions on the available research by enabling them to search, sort, and filter the literature base of puberty-related studies by key concepts. This map can be used by researchers and regulators to prioritize and target future research and funding to reduce uncertainties and address data gaps. It also provides information to inform a class-based hazard or risk assessment on the association between phthalate and phenol exposures and puberty-related health outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Environmental Exposure ; Phenol ; Phenols/toxicity ; Phthalic Acids ; Sexual Maturation
    Chemical Substances Endocrine Disruptors ; Phenol (339NCG44TV) ; Phenols ; phthalic acid (6O7F7IX66E) ; Phthalic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 554791-x
    ISSN 1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
    ISSN (online) 1873-6750
    ISSN 0160-4120
    DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108307
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The hormesis database: the occurrence of hormetic dose responses in the toxicological literature.

    Calabrese, Edward J / Blain, Robyn B

    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP

    2011  Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) 73–81

    Abstract: In 2005 we published an assessment of dose responses that satisfied a priori evaluative criteria for inclusion within the relational retrieval hormesis database (Calabrese and Blain, 2005). The database included information on study characteristics (e.g., ...

    Abstract In 2005 we published an assessment of dose responses that satisfied a priori evaluative criteria for inclusion within the relational retrieval hormesis database (Calabrese and Blain, 2005). The database included information on study characteristics (e.g., biological model, gender, age and other relevant aspects, number of doses, dose distribution/range, quantitative features of the dose response, temporal features/repeat measures, and physical/chemical properties of the agents). The 2005 article covered information for about 5000 dose responses; the present article has been expanded to cover approximately 9000 dose responses. This assessment extends and strengthens the conclusion of the 2005 paper that the hormesis concept is broadly generalizable, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured and chemical class/physical agent. It also confirmed the definable quantitative features of hormetic dose responses in which the strong majority of dose responses display maximum stimulation less than twice that of the control group and a stimulatory width that is within approximately 10-20-fold of the estimated toxicological or pharmacological threshold. The remarkable consistency of the quantitative features of the hormetic dose response suggests that hormesis may provide an estimate of biological plasticity that is broadly generalized across plant, microbial and animal (invertebrate and vertebrate) models.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Control Groups ; Databases, Factual ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Endpoint Determination/methods ; Female ; Hazardous Substances/metabolism ; Hazardous Substances/pharmacokinetics ; Hazardous Substances/toxicity ; Hormesis ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Models, Biological ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism ; Plants ; Rats ; Research Design ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Hazardous Substances ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 604672-1
    ISSN 1096-0295 ; 0273-2300
    ISSN (online) 1096-0295
    ISSN 0273-2300
    DOI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.06.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A national toxicology program systematic review of the evidence for long-term effects after acute exposure to sarin nerve agent.

    Jett, David A / Sibrizzi, Christopher A / Blain, Robyn B / Hartman, Pamela A / Lein, Pamela J / Taylor, Kyla W / Rooney, Andrew A

    Critical reviews in toxicology

    2020  Volume 50, Issue 6, Page(s) 474–490

    Abstract: Sarin is a highly toxic nerve agent that was developed for chemical warfare during World War II and is used in present conflicts. Immediate effects of acute sarin exposure are established; however, whether effects persist after initial signs have ... ...

    Abstract Sarin is a highly toxic nerve agent that was developed for chemical warfare during World War II and is used in present conflicts. Immediate effects of acute sarin exposure are established; however, whether effects persist after initial signs have subsided is debated. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted a systematic review to evaluate the evidence for long-term neurological effects following acute (<24 hour) exposure to sarin. The literature search and screening process identified 32 data sets within the 34 human studies and 47 data sets within the 51 animal studies (from 6837 potentially relevant references) that met the objective and the inclusion criteria. Four main health effect categories of neurological response were identified as having sufficient data to reach hazard conclusions: (1) cholinesterase levels; (2) visual and ocular effects; (3) effects on learning, memory, and intelligence; and (4) morphology and histopathology in nervous system tissues. NTP concluded that acute sarin exposure is
    MeSH term(s) Chemical Warfare Agents ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Nerve Agents ; Sarin ; Time
    Chemical Substances Chemical Warfare Agents ; Nerve Agents ; Sarin (B4XG72QGFM)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1097071-x
    ISSN 1547-6898 ; 1040-8444
    ISSN (online) 1547-6898
    ISSN 1040-8444
    DOI 10.1080/10408444.2020.1787330
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Hormesis and plant biology.

    Calabrese, Edward J / Blain, Robyn B

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2009  Volume 157, Issue 1, Page(s) 42–48

    Abstract: A database has been developed that demonstrates experimental evidence of hormesis. It includes information from a broad range of biological models, including plants, and information on study design, dose-response features, and physical/chemical ... ...

    Abstract A database has been developed that demonstrates experimental evidence of hormesis. It includes information from a broad range of biological models, including plants, and information on study design, dose-response features, and physical/chemical properties of the agents. An assessment of plant hormetic dose responses is presented based on greater than 3000 plant endpoints. Plant hormetic dose responses were observed for numerous endpoints including disease incidence, reproductive indices, mutagenic endpoints, various metabolic parameters, developmental processes, and a range of growth indicators. Quantitative features of these dose responses typically display a maximum stimulatory response less than two-fold greater than controls and a width of the stimulatory response usually less than 10-fold in dose range. The database establishes that hormetic dose responses commonly occur in plants, are broadly generalizable, and have quantitative features similar to hormetic dose responses found for animals.
    MeSH term(s) Agriculture ; Databases, Factual ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; Plant Development ; Plants/drug effects ; Soil Pollutants/pharmacology ; Soil Pollutants/toxicity ; Stimulation, Chemical
    Chemical Substances Soil Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The hormesis database: The occurrence of hormetic dose responses in the toxicological literature

    Calabrese, Edward J / Blain, Robyn B

    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. 2011 Oct., v. 61, no. 1

    2011  

    Abstract: In 2005 we published an assessment of dose responses that satisfied a priori evaluative criteria for inclusion within the relational retrieval hormesis database (Calabrese and Blain, 2005). The database included information on study characteristics (e.g., ...

    Abstract In 2005 we published an assessment of dose responses that satisfied a priori evaluative criteria for inclusion within the relational retrieval hormesis database (Calabrese and Blain, 2005). The database included information on study characteristics (e.g., biological model, gender, age and other relevant aspects, number of doses, dose distribution/range, quantitative features of the dose response, temporal features/repeat measures, and physical/chemical properties of the agents). The 2005 article covered information for about 5000 dose responses; the present article has been expanded to cover approximately 9000 dose responses. This assessment extends and strengthens the conclusion of the 2005 paper that the hormesis concept is broadly generalizable, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured and chemical class/physical agent. It also confirmed the definable quantitative features of hormetic dose responses in which the strong majority of dose responses display maximum stimulation less than twice that of the control group and a stimulatory width that is within approximately 10–20-fold of the estimated toxicological or pharmacological threshold. The remarkable consistency of the quantitative features of the hormetic dose response suggests that hormesis may provide an estimate of biological plasticity that is broadly generalized across plant, microbial and animal (invertebrate and vertebrate) models.
    Keywords databases ; gender ; hormesis ; invertebrates ; models ; physicochemical properties ; vertebrates
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-10
    Size p. 73-81.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604672-1
    ISSN 0273-2300
    ISSN 0273-2300
    DOI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.06.003
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Hormesis and plant biology

    Calabrese, Edward J / Blain, Robyn B

    Environmental pollution. 2009 Jan., v. 157, issue 1

    2009  

    Abstract: A database has been developed that demonstrates experimental evidence of hormesis. It includes information from a broad range of biological models, including plants, and information on study design, dose-response features, and physical/chemical ... ...

    Abstract A database has been developed that demonstrates experimental evidence of hormesis. It includes information from a broad range of biological models, including plants, and information on study design, dose-response features, and physical/chemical properties of the agents. An assessment of plant hormetic dose responses is presented based on greater than 3000 plant endpoints. Plant hormetic dose responses were observed for numerous endpoints including disease incidence, reproductive indices, mutagenic endpoints, various metabolic parameters, developmental processes, and a range of growth indicators. Quantitative features of these dose responses typically display a maximum stimulatory response less than two-fold greater than controls and a width of the stimulatory response usually less than 10-fold in dose range. The database establishes that hormetic dose responses commonly occur in plants, are broadly generalizable, and have quantitative features similar to hormetic dose responses found for animals. Hormesis commonly occurs within plant species.
    Keywords databases ; dose response ; pollution ; pollutants ; toxic substances
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-01
    Size p. 42-48.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.028
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Potential risk of asthma associated with in utero exposure to xenobiotics.

    Selgrade, MaryJane K / Blain, Robyn B / Fedak, Kristen M / Cawley, Michelle A

    Birth defects research. Part C, Embryo today : reviews

    2013  Volume 99, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–13

    Abstract: The incidence of asthma, a complex disease and significant public health problem, has been increasing over the last 30 years for unknown reasons. Changes in environmental exposures or lifestyle may be involved. In some cases asthma may originate in utero ...

    Abstract The incidence of asthma, a complex disease and significant public health problem, has been increasing over the last 30 years for unknown reasons. Changes in environmental exposures or lifestyle may be involved. In some cases asthma may originate in utero or in early life. Associations have been found between in utero exposures to several xenobiotics and increased risk of asthma. There is convincing evidence that maternal smoking and/or in utero and perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke are associated with increased risk of asthma. Similar effects have been demonstrated in animal models of allergic asthma. Evidence also suggests that in utero and/or early-life exposures to various ambient air pollutants may increase the risk of asthma although supporting animal data are very limited. A few studies have suggested that in utero exposure to acetaminophen is associated with increased risk of asthma; however, animal data are lacking. Various vitamin deficiencies and supplements during pregnancy have been studied. In general, it appears that vitamins A, C, and E have protective effects and vitamins D and B may, in some instances, increase the risk, but the data are not conclusive. Some studies related to in utero exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A and asthma risk are also reported. The underlying mechanisms for an association between xenobiotic exposures and asthma remain a matter of speculation. Genetic predisposition and epigenetic changes have been explored. The developing immune, respiratory, and nervous systems are potential targets. Oxidative stress and modulation of inflammation are thought to be involved.
    MeSH term(s) Acetaminophen/adverse effects ; Adult ; Animals ; Asthma/etiology ; Asthma/immunology ; Child ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Risk ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; Xenobiotics/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Xenobiotics ; Acetaminophen (362O9ITL9D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2104792-3
    ISSN 1542-9768 ; 1542-0752 ; 1542-9733 ; 1542-975X
    ISSN (online) 1542-9768
    ISSN 1542-0752 ; 1542-9733 ; 1542-975X
    DOI 10.1002/bdrc.21028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A scoping review of the health and toxicological activity of bisphenol A (BPA) structural analogues and functional alternatives.

    Pelch, Katherine / Wignall, Jessica A / Goldstone, Alexandra E / Ross, Pam K / Blain, Robyn B / Shapiro, Andrew J / Holmgren, Stephanie D / Hsieh, Jui-Hua / Svoboda, Daniel / Auerbach, Scott S / Parham, Fredrick M / Masten, Scott A / Walker, Vickie / Rooney, Andrew / Thayer, Kristina A

    Toxicology

    2019  Volume 424, Page(s) 152235

    Abstract: Recent studies report widespread usage or exposure to a variety of chemicals with structural or functional similarity to bisphenol A (BPA), referred to as BPA analogues or derivatives. These have been detected in foodstuffs, house dust, environmental ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies report widespread usage or exposure to a variety of chemicals with structural or functional similarity to bisphenol A (BPA), referred to as BPA analogues or derivatives. These have been detected in foodstuffs, house dust, environmental samples, human urine or blood, and consumer products. Compared to BPA, relatively little is known about potential toxicity of these compounds. This scoping review aimed to summarize the human, animal, and mechanistic toxicity data for 24 BPA analogues of emerging interest to research and regulatory communities. PubMed was searched from March 1, 2015 to January 5, 2019 and combined with the results obtained from literature searches conducted through March 23, 2015, in The National Toxicology Program's Research Report 4 (NTP RR-04), "Biological Activity of Bisphenol A (BPA) Structural Analogues and Functional Alternatives". Study details are presented in interactive displays using Tableau Public. In total, 5748 records were screened for inclusion. One hundred sixty seven studies were included from NTP RR-04 and 175 studies were included from the updated literature search through January 2019. In total, there are 22, 117, and 221 human epidemiological, experimental animal, or in vitro studies included. The most frequently studied BPA analogues are bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (4,4-BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF). Notable changes in the literature since 2015 include the growing body of human epidemiological studies and in vivo studies conducted in zebrafish. Numerous new endpoints were also evaluated across all three evidence streams including diabetes, obesity, and oxidative stress. However, few studies have addressed endpoints such as neurodevelopmental outcomes or impacts on the developing mammary or prostate glands, which are known to be susceptible to disruption by BPA. Further, there remains a critical need for better exposure information in order to prioritize experimental studies. Moving forward, researchers should also ensure that full dose responses are performed for all main effects in order to support hazard and risk characterization efforts. The evidence gathered here suggests that hazard and risk characterizations should expand beyond BPA in order to consider BPA structural and functional analogues.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds/chemistry ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Endocrine Disruptors/chemistry ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Humans ; Phenols/chemistry ; Phenols/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Benzhydryl Compounds ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Phenols ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-12
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184557-3
    ISSN 1879-3185 ; 0300-483X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3185
    ISSN 0300-483X
    DOI 10.1016/j.tox.2019.06.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Systematic review of community health impacts of mountaintop removal mining.

    Boyles, Abee L / Blain, Robyn B / Rochester, Johanna R / Avanasi, Raghavendhran / Goldhaber, Susan B / McComb, Sofie / Holmgren, Stephanie D / Masten, Scott A / Thayer, Kristina A

    Environment international

    2017  Volume 107, Page(s) 163–172

    Abstract: Background: The objective of this evaluation is to understand the human health impacts of mountaintop removal (MTR) mining, the major method of coal mining in and around Central Appalachia. MTR mining impacts the air, water, and soil and raises concerns ...

    Abstract Background: The objective of this evaluation is to understand the human health impacts of mountaintop removal (MTR) mining, the major method of coal mining in and around Central Appalachia. MTR mining impacts the air, water, and soil and raises concerns about potential adverse health effects in neighboring communities; exposures associated with MTR mining include particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals, hydrogen sulfide, and other recognized harmful substances.
    Methods: A systematic review was conducted of published studies of MTR mining and community health, occupational studies of MTR mining, and any available animal and in vitro experimental studies investigating the effects of exposures to MTR-mining-related chemical mixtures. Six databases (Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Toxline, and Web of Science) were searched with customized terms, and no restrictions on publication year or language, through October 27, 2016. The eligibility criteria included all human population studies and animal models of human health, direct and indirect measures of MTR-mining exposure, any health-related effect or change in physiological response, and any study design type. Risk of bias was assessed for observational and experimental studies using an approach developed by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT). To provide context for these health effects, a summary of the exposure literature is included that focuses on describing findings for outdoor air, indoor air, and drinking water.
    Results: From a literature search capturing 3088 studies, 33 human studies (29 community, four occupational), four experimental studies (two in rat, one in vitro and in mice, one in C. elegans), and 58 MTR mining exposure studies were identified. A number of health findings were reported in observational human studies, including cardiopulmonary effects, mortality, and birth defects. However, concerns for risk of bias were identified, especially with respect to exposure characterization, accounting for confounding variables (such as socioeconomic status), and methods used to assess health outcomes. Typically, exposure was assessed by proximity of residence or hospital to coal mining or production level at the county level. In addition, assessing the consistency of findings was challenging because separate publications likely included overlapping case and comparison groups. For example, 11 studies of mortality were conducted with most reporting higher rates associated with coal mining, but many of these relied on the same national datasets and were unable to consider individual-level contributors to mortality such as poor socioeconomic status or smoking. Two studies of adult rats reported impaired microvascular and cardiac mitochondrial function after intratracheal exposure to PM from MTR-mining sites. Exposures associated with MTR mining included reports of PM levels that sometimes exceeded Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards; higher levels of dust, trace metals, hydrogen sulfide gas; and a report of increased public drinking water violations.
    Discussion: This systematic review could not reach conclusions on community health effects of MTR mining because of the strong potential for bias in the current body of human literature. Improved characterization of exposures by future community health studies and further study of the effects of MTR mining chemical mixtures in experimental models will be critical to determining health risks of MTR mining to communities. Without such work, uncertainty will remain regarding the impact of these practices on the health of the people who breathe the air and drink the water affected by MTR mining.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Coal Mining/methods ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollution ; Humans ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 554791-x
    ISSN 1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
    ISSN (online) 1873-6750
    ISSN 0160-4120
    DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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