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Article ; Online: Acute, but not chronic, aerobic exercise alters the impact of ex vivo LDL and fatty acid stimulation on monocytes and macrophages from healthy, young adults.

Pedersen, Lauren N / Blanks, Anson M / Bohmke, Natalie J / Mihalick, Virginia L / Franco, R Lee

2023 Volume 123, Issue 5, Page(s) 975–988

Abstract: Background: Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride concentrations are associated with future cardiovascular risk in young adults. Conversely, chronic physical activity is generally accepted to reduce CVD risk. Atherosclerosis is a major ...

Abstract	Background: Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride concentrations are associated with future cardiovascular risk in young adults. Conversely, chronic physical activity is generally accepted to reduce CVD risk. Atherosclerosis is a major underlying cause of CVD, and atherogenesis is mediated by peripheral monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. The study aimed to determine if an individual's physical activity level impacts the phenotype of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages when stimulated with LDL and fatty acid ex vivo. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy, young adults of differing physical activity levels before and after a single bout of moderate intensity exercise (25 min at 60% of VO Results: Compared to baseline, ex vivo LDL and palmitate stimulation decreased (p = 0.038) non-classical monocyte percentage from 24.7 ± 3.2 to 21.5 ± 2.6% in all participants. When ex vivo lipid stimulation was preceded by acute exercise, non-classical monocyte percentage was similar to baseline levels (p = 0.670, 25.8 ± 2.15%). Macrophage CD86/CD206 was increased from 1.30 ± 0.14 to 1.68 ± 0.19 when preceded by acute exercise in all participants. No differences were observed between participants of differing physical activity levels. Conclusions: Findings suggest that acute exercise modulates monocyte phenotype after LDL and palmitate stimulation in a protective manner, however, chronic physical activity does not alter monocyte/macrophage responses to any experimental condition in this population.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Exercise/physiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Lipoproteins, LDL/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Lipoproteins, LDL
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124793-1
ISSN	1439-6327 ; 1432-1025 ; 0301-5548 ; 1439-6319
ISSN (online)	1439-6327 ; 1432-1025
ISSN	0301-5548 ; 1439-6319
DOI	10.1007/s00421-022-05131-x
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Article: Sex differences in monocyte CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization following acute exercise

Blanks, Anson M. / Pedersen, Lauren N. / Bohmke, Natalie / Mihalick, Virginia L. / Franco, R. Lee

Life sciences. 2022 June 15, v. 299

2022

Abstract: Monocyte chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and phosphorylated extra-cellular regulated kinase 1 & 2 (ERK1/2) impact macrophage differentiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Whereas aerobic exercise favorably modulates the immune system and reduces ... ...

Abstract	Monocyte chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and phosphorylated extra-cellular regulated kinase 1 & 2 (ERK1/2) impact macrophage differentiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Whereas aerobic exercise favorably modulates the immune system and reduces atherosclerotic risk, it is unknown whether sex differences exist in the monocyte/macrophage response to acute aerobic exercise. To determine the impact of an acute bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on monocyte and macrophage CCR2 expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and macrophage polarization in pre-menopausal women and men. Blood samples were collected in 24 people (Women/Men; n = 12) prior to (PRE), immediately after a bout of moderate intensity cycle ergometry (POST), and 2 h (2H) following exercise. Monocyte and macrophage CCR2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 as well as macrophage CD86 and CD206 were analyzed by flow cytometry. PRE classical monocyte CCR2 expression was greater in women compared to men (Women: 20546.2 ± 2306.4 vs. Men: 14437.6 ± 1201.9 AUF; p = 0.028) and was reduced in women at 2H (PRE: 20546.2 ± 2306.4 vs. 2H: 15856.9 ± 1314.4 AUF; p = 0.027). POST classical monocyte CCR2 expression was inversely associated (r = −0.697, p = 0.012) with POST classical monocyte ERK1/2 phosphorylation in women only. The percentage of CCR2⁺ macrophages was lower in women at POST (Women: 62.0 ± 8.9 vs. Men: 83.6 ± 3.1; p = 0.031) and at 2H (Women: 60.3 ± 8.4 vs. Men: 83.5 ± 3.0%; p = 0.016). These data suggest that a single bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise differentially impacts monocyte CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization in women compared to men.
Keywords	atherosclerosis ; exercise ; flow cytometry ; macrophages ; monocytes ; phosphorylation ; premenopause ; risk
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0615
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3378-9
ISSN	1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
ISSN (online)	1879-0631
ISSN	0024-3205
DOI	10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120557
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Article ; Online: Sex differences in monocyte CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization following acute exercise.

Blanks, Anson M / Pedersen, Lauren N / Bohmke, Natalie / Mihalick, Virginia L / Franco, R Lee

Life sciences

2022 Volume 299, Page(s) 120557

Abstract	Monocyte chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and phosphorylated extra-cellular regulated kinase 1 & 2 (ERK1/2) impact macrophage differentiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Whereas aerobic exercise favorably modulates the immune system and reduces atherosclerotic risk, it is unknown whether sex differences exist in the monocyte/macrophage response to acute aerobic exercise. Aims: To determine the impact of an acute bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on monocyte and macrophage CCR2 expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and macrophage polarization in pre-menopausal women and men. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected in 24 people (Women/Men; n = 12) prior to (PRE), immediately after a bout of moderate intensity cycle ergometry (POST), and 2 h (2H) following exercise. Monocyte and macrophage CCR2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 as well as macrophage CD86 and CD206 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Key findings: PRE classical monocyte CCR2 expression was greater in women compared to men (Women: 20546.2 ± 2306.4 vs. Men: 14437.6 ± 1201.9 AUF; p = 0.028) and was reduced in women at 2H (PRE: 20546.2 ± 2306.4 vs. 2H: 15856.9 ± 1314.4 AUF; p = 0.027). POST classical monocyte CCR2 expression was inversely associated (r = -0.697, p = 0.012) with POST classical monocyte ERK1/2 phosphorylation in women only. The percentage of CCR2 Significance: These data suggest that a single bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise differentially impacts monocyte CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization in women compared to men.
MeSH term(s)	Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Male ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Receptors, CCR2/metabolism ; Sex Characteristics
Chemical Substances	CCR2 protein, human ; Receptors, CCR2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3378-9
ISSN	1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
ISSN (online)	1879-0631
ISSN	0024-3205
DOI	10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120557
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Article ; Online: The effects of whole-body vibration amplitude on glucose metabolism, inflammation, and skeletal muscle oxygenation.

Sanni, Adeola A / Blanks, Anson M / Derella, Cassandra C / Horsager, Chase / Crandall, Reva H / Looney, Jacob / Sanchez, Savanna / Norland, Kimberly / Ye, Bingwei / Thomas, Jeffrey / Wang, Xiaoling / Harris, Ryan A

Physiological reports

2022 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e15208

Abstract: Whole-body vibration (WBV) is an exercise mimetic that elicits beneficial metabolic effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of WBV amplitude on metabolic, inflammatory, and muscle oxygenation responses. Forty women and men were assigned to a ... ...

Abstract	Whole-body vibration (WBV) is an exercise mimetic that elicits beneficial metabolic effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of WBV amplitude on metabolic, inflammatory, and muscle oxygenation responses. Forty women and men were assigned to a high (HI; n = 20, Age: 31 ± 6 y) or a low-amplitude group (LO; n = 20, Age: 33 ± 6 y). Participants engaged in 10 cycles of WBV [1 cycle =1 min of vibration followed by 30 s of rest], while gastrocnemius muscle oxygen consumption (mVO
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Vibration
Chemical Substances	Insulin ; Interleukin-6 ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2724325-4
ISSN	2051-817X ; 2051-817X
ISSN (online)	2051-817X
ISSN	2051-817X
DOI	10.14814/phy2.15208
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Article ; Online: Endothelin-1 response to whole-body vibration in obese and normal weight individuals.

Sanni-Ajibaye, Adeola A / Blanks, Anson M / Derella, Cassandra C / Simon, Abigayle B / Rodriguez-Miguelez, Paula / Looney, Jacob / Jeong, Jinhee / Thomas, Jeffrey / Stepp, David W / Weintraub, Neal L / Wang, Xiaoling / Harris, Ryan A

Physiological reports

2022 Volume 10, Issue 10, Page(s) e15335

Abstract: Upregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) is the hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of the present study was to assess the ET-1 response to an acute bout of whole-body vibration (WBV) in humans and to determine the role of adiposity. ...

Abstract	Upregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) is the hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of the present study was to assess the ET-1 response to an acute bout of whole-body vibration (WBV) in humans and to determine the role of adiposity. Twenty-two participants volunteered for the study; they were grouped into overweight/obese [(OW/OB): n = 11, Age: 33 ± 4 years, Body mass index (BMI): 35 ± 10 kg/m
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Endothelin-1 ; Exercise/physiology ; Humans ; Obesity/therapy ; Vibration ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Endothelin-1
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2724325-4
ISSN	2051-817X ; 2051-817X
ISSN (online)	2051-817X
ISSN	2051-817X
DOI	10.14814/phy2.15335
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Article ; Online: Dual endothelin receptor antagonism increases resting energy expenditure in people with increased adiposity.

Derella, Cassandra C / Blanks, Anson M / Nguyen, Andy / Looney, Jacob / Tucker, Matthew A / Jeong, Jinhee / Rodriguez-Miguelez, Paula / Thomas, Jeffrey / Lyon, Matthew / Pollock, David M / Harris, Ryan A

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

2022 Volume 322, Issue 6, Page(s) E508–E516

Abstract: Increased adiposity is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system, both of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preclinical data indicate that endothelin dysregulation also reduces resting energy expenditure (REE). The ... ...

Abstract	Increased adiposity is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system, both of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preclinical data indicate that endothelin dysregulation also reduces resting energy expenditure (REE). The objective was to test the hypothesis that endothelin receptor antagonism will increase REE in people with obesity compared with healthy weight individuals. Using a double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 32 participants [healthy weight (HW):
MeSH term(s)	Adiposity ; Adult ; Basal Metabolism ; Bosentan ; Calorimetry, Indirect ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Endothelins/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Obesity/metabolism ; Overweight/metabolism ; Receptors, Endothelin/metabolism ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Endothelins ; Receptors, Endothelin ; Bosentan (Q326023R30)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603841-4
ISSN	1522-1555 ; 0193-1849
ISSN (online)	1522-1555
ISSN	0193-1849
DOI	10.1152/ajpendo.00349.2021
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Article ; Online: LPS differentially affects expression of CD14 and CCR2 in monocyte subsets of Post-STEMI patients with hyperglycemia.

Blanks, Anson M / Pedersen, Lauren N / Caslin, Heather L / Mihalick, Virginia L / Via, Jeremy / Canada, Justin M / Van Tassell, Benjamin / Carbone, Salvatore / Abbate, Antonio / Lee Franco, R

Diabetes research and clinical practice

2022 Volume 191, Page(s) 110077

Abstract: Aims: Following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), recruitment and activation of monocytes [classical (CD14: Methods: Post-STEMI subjects were identified as normal random glucose (NG, <98 mg/dL, n = 13) or impaired random glucose (IG, ...

Abstract	Aims: Following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), recruitment and activation of monocytes [classical (CD14 Methods: Post-STEMI subjects were identified as normal random glucose (NG, <98 mg/dL, n = 13) or impaired random glucose (IG, ≥98 mg/dL, n = 26) and monocytes were analyzed for non-activated and LPS-activated (1 µg/mL for 4 h) CCR2 and CD14 expression. Results: Non-activated intermediate monocytes from IG showed decreased CD14 expression when compared to NG, which was maintained following LPS-activation. The NG group showed a larger absolute reduction in classical CCR2 expression, leading to a significant difference between NG and IG following LPS-activation. Conclusion: Results suggest a heightened response to pro-inflammatory activation in IG following STEMI, which may impair or delay post-STEMI myocardial healing, and thus increase the incidence of chronic heart failure. NIH 1R34HL121402.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Receptors, CCR/metabolism ; Receptors, CCR2/metabolism ; Receptors, IgG/metabolism ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; CCR2 protein, human ; CD14 protein, human ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Receptors, CCR ; Receptors, CCR2 ; Receptors, IgG
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-08
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632523-3
ISSN	1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
ISSN (online)	1872-8227
ISSN	0168-8227
DOI	10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110077
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Article ; Online: Endothelin receptor blockade blunts the pressor response to acute stress in men and women with obesity.

Derella, Cassandra C / Blanks, Anson M / Wang, Xiaoling / Tucker, Matthew A / Horsager, Chase / Jeong, Jin Hee / Rodriguez-Miguelez, Paula / Looney, Jacob / Thomas, Jeffrey / Pollock, David M / Harris, Ryan A

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2021 Volume 132, Issue 1, Page(s) 73–83

Abstract: Obesity is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system. In individuals with obesity, an exaggerated pressor response to acute stress is accompanied by increased circulating endothelin-1 (ET-1). The impact of combined endothelin A/B receptor ( ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system. In individuals with obesity, an exaggerated pressor response to acute stress is accompanied by increased circulating endothelin-1 (ET-1). The impact of combined endothelin A/B receptor (ET
MeSH term(s)	Blood Pressure ; Endothelin B Receptor Antagonists ; Endothelin Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology ; Endothelin-1 ; Endothelins ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/drug therapy ; Overweight ; Receptor, Endothelin A
Chemical Substances	Endothelin B Receptor Antagonists ; Endothelin Receptor Antagonists ; Endothelin-1 ; Endothelins ; Receptor, Endothelin A
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00156.2021
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Article: The effect of acute physical and mental stress on soluble cellular adhesion molecule concentration

Crabb, E. Blake / Acevedo, Edmund O / Blanks, Anson M / Bowen, Mary K / Caslin, Heather L / Franco, R. Lee

Life sciences. 2016 July 15, v. 157

2016

Abstract: This study investigated the impact of acute physical and mental stress on serum concentrations of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and CX3CL1/fractalkine.Male volunteers (n=20; 21.3±0.55years of age) completed a graded treadmill test to ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated the impact of acute physical and mental stress on serum concentrations of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and CX3CL1/fractalkine.Male volunteers (n=20; 21.3±0.55years of age) completed a graded treadmill test to exhaustion and a 20-minute mental stress task (Stroop Color-Word Test, mental arithmetic) on separate, non-consecutive days. Heart rate (HR) was measured at baseline and throughout exercise and mental stress. Blood was collected at baseline (PRE), immediately following (POST) and 30min after (POST30) exercise and mental stress. Soluble VCAM-1 and fractalkine were quantified in participant serum via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Both treadmill exercise and the mental stress task significantly increased participant HR; although, exercise resulted in a substantially greater increase in participant HR compared to mental stress (197.82±11.99 vs. 38.67±3.10% [p<0.001]). VCAM-1 (815.74±139.55 vs. 738.67±131.59ng/mL [p=0.002]) and fractalkine (1.032±0.33 vs. 0.59±0.20ng/mL [p<0.001]) were significantly elevated in participant serum POST maximal exercise before returning to values similar to baseline at POST30. The acute mental stress task did not significantly alter serum VCAM-1 or fractalkine at any time point.In conclusion, maximal aerobic exercise results in a significant elevation of the soluble adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and fractalkine in the serum of adult males that does not occur following laboratory-induced mental stress. The findings of the current investigation may suggest a novel protective role for acute aerobic exercise in vascular health via exercise-induced CAM proteolysis.
Keywords	adhesion ; adults ; blood serum ; cell adhesion ; chemokine CX3CL1 ; exercise ; exercise test ; heart rate ; males ; protective effect ; proteolysis ; psychological stress ; vascular cell adhesion molecules
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-0715
Size	p. 91-96.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3378-9
ISSN	1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
ISSN (online)	1879-0631
ISSN	0024-3205
DOI	10.1016/j.lfs.2016.05.042
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Article ; Online: Whole body vibration elicits differential immune and metabolic responses in obese and normal weight individuals.

Blanks, Anson M / Rodriguez-Miguelez, Paula / Looney, Jacob / Tucker, Matthew A / Jeong, Jinhee / Thomas, Jeffrey / Blackburn, Marsha / Stepp, David W / Weintraub, Neal J / Harris, Ryan A

Brain, behavior, & immunity - health

2019 Volume 1, Page(s) 100011

Abstract: Traditional aerobic exercise reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases by inducing immune, metabolic, and myokine responses. Following traditional exercise, both the magnitude and time-course of these beneficial responses are different between ... ...

Abstract	Traditional aerobic exercise reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases by inducing immune, metabolic, and myokine responses. Following traditional exercise, both the magnitude and time-course of these beneficial responses are different between obese compared to normal weight individuals. Although obesity may affect the ability to engage in traditional exercise, whole body vibration (WBV) has emerged as a more tolerable form of exercise . The impact of WBV on immune, metabolic, and myokine responses as well as differences between normal weight and obese individuals, however, is unknown. Purpose: To determine if WBV elicits differential magnitudes and time-courses of immune, metabolic, and myokine responses between obese and normal weight individuals. Methods: 21 participants [Obese (OB): n = 11, Age: 33 ± 4 y, percent body fat (%BF): 39.1 ± 2.4% & Normal weight (NW) n = 10, Age: 28 ± 8 y, %BF: 17.4 ± 2.1%] engaged in 10 cycles of WBV exercise [1 cycle = 1 min of vibration followed by 30 s of rest]. Blood samples were collected pre-WBV (PRE), immediately (POST), 3 h (3H), and 24 h (24H) post-WBV and analyzed for leukocytes, insulin, glucose, and myokines (IL-6, decorin, myostatin). Results: The peak (3H) percent change in neutrophil counts (OB: 13.9 ± 17.4 vs. NW: 47.2 ± 6.2%Δ; p = 0.007) was different between groups. The percent change in neutrophil percentages was increased in NW (POST: -1.6 ± 2.0 vs. 3H: 13.0 ± 7.2%Δ, p = 0.019) but not OB (p > 0.05). HOMA β-cell function was increased at 24H (PRE: 83.4 ± 5.4 vs. 24H: 131.0 ± 14.1%; p = 0.013) in NW and was not altered in OB (p > 0.05). PRE IL-6 was greater in OB compared to NW (OB: 2.7 ± 0.6 vs. NW: 0.6 ± 0.1 pg/mL; p = 0.011); however, the percent change from PRE to peak (3H) was greater in NW (OB: 148.1 ± 47.9 vs. NW: 1277.9 ± 597.6 %Δ; p = 0.035). Creatine kinase, decorin, and myostatin were not significantly altered in either group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, these data suggest that acute whole body vibration elicits favorable immune, metabolic, and myokine responses and that these responses differ between obese and normal weight individuals.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-3546
ISSN (online)	2666-3546
DOI	10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100011
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