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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Apley & Solomon's concise system of orthopaedics and trauma

    Apley, Alan / Warwick, David J. / Blom, Ashley / Whitehouse, Michael

    2022  

    Title variant Apley and Solomon's concise system of orthopaedics and trauma ; Concise system of orthopaedics and trauma
    Author's details edited by David Warwick, Ashley Blom, Michael Whitehouse
    Keywords Electronic books
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 746 Seiten), Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition Fifth edition
    Publisher CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
    Publishing place Boca Raton
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT021142034
    ISBN 978-0-429-52073-0 ; 978-0-429-24397-4 ; 9780367198954 ; 9780367198770 ; 0-429-52073-5 ; 0-429-24397-9 ; 0367198959 ; 0367198770
    DOI 10.1021/
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Hip, knee and revision hip replacement - are they as clinically and cost effective as we think?

    Blom, Ashley

    Acta orthopaedica

    2020  Volume 91, Issue 3, Page(s) 240

    MeSH term(s) Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Knee Joint
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2180677-9
    ISSN 1745-3682 ; 1745-3674
    ISSN (online) 1745-3682
    ISSN 1745-3674
    DOI 10.1080/17453674.2020.1763579
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: One-stage hip revisions are as good as two-stage surgery to replace infected artificial hips.

    Saul, Helen / Deeney, Brendan / Cassidy, Samantha / Kwint, Jemma / Blom, Ashley

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2023  Volume 381, Page(s) 1087

    Abstract: The studyBlom AW, Lenguerrand, Strange S, et al. Clinical and cost effectiveness of single stage compared with two stage revision for hip prosthetic joint infection (INFORM): pragmatic, parallel group, open label, randomised controlled trial. ...

    Abstract The studyBlom AW, Lenguerrand, Strange S, et al. Clinical and cost effectiveness of single stage compared with two stage revision for hip prosthetic joint infection (INFORM): pragmatic, parallel group, open label, randomised controlled trial.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects ; Hip Joint/surgery ; Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects ; Reoperation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Pragmatic Clinical Trial ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.p1087
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Obesity paradox in joint replacement for osteoarthritis - truth or paradox?

    Kunutsor, Setor K / Whitehouse, Michael R / Blom, Ashley W

    GeroScience

    2021  Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 651–659

    Abstract: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other adverse health outcomes. In patients with pre-existing heart failure or coronary heart disease, obese individuals have a more favourable prognosis compared to ... ...

    Abstract Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other adverse health outcomes. In patients with pre-existing heart failure or coronary heart disease, obese individuals have a more favourable prognosis compared to individuals who are of normal weight. This paradoxical relationship between obesity and CVD has been termed the 'obesity paradox'. This phenomenon has also been observed in patients with other cardiovascular conditions and diseases of the respiratory and renal systems. Taking into consideration the well-established relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and CVD, emerging evidence shows that overweight and obese individuals undergoing total hip or knee replacement for OA have lower mortality risk compared with normal weight individuals, suggesting an obesity paradox. Factors proposed to explain the obesity paradox include the role of cardiorespiratory fitness ("fat but fit"), the increased amount of lean mass in obese people, additional adipose tissue serving as a metabolic reserve, biases such as reverse causation and confounding by smoking, and the co-existence of older age and specific comorbidities such as CVD. A wealth of evidence suggests that higher levels of fitness are accompanied by prolonged life expectancy across all levels of adiposity and that the increased mortality risk attributed to obesity can be attenuated with increased fitness. For patients about to have joint replacement, improving fitness levels through physical activities or exercises that are attractive and feasible, should be a priority if intentional weight loss is unlikely to be achieved.
    MeSH term(s) Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/metabolism ; Osteoarthritis/complications ; Osteoarthritis/surgery ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2886586-8
    ISSN 2509-2723 ; 2509-2715
    ISSN (online) 2509-2723
    ISSN 2509-2715
    DOI 10.1007/s11357-021-00442-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Temporal trends in comorbidity in adult elective hip and knee arthroplasty patients in England : a national population-based cohort study from the National Joint Registry.

    Penfold, Chris M / Judge, Andrew / Sayers, Adrian / Whitehouse, Michael R / Wilkinson, J M / Blom, Ashley W

    The bone & joint journal

    2022  Volume 104-B, Issue 9, Page(s) 1052–1059

    Abstract: Aims: Our main aim was to describe the trend in the comorbidities of patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and knee arthroplasties (KAs) between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2018 in England.: Methods: We combined data from ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Our main aim was to describe the trend in the comorbidities of patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and knee arthroplasties (KAs) between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2018 in England.
    Methods: We combined data from the National Joint Registry (NJR) on primary elective hip and knee arthroplasties performed between 2005 and 2018 with pre-existing conditions recorded at the time of their primary operation from Hospital Episodes Statistics. We described the temporal trend in the number of comorbidities identified using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and how this varied by age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, index of multiple deprivation, and type of KA.
    Results: We included 696,504 and 833,745 elective primary THAs and KAs respectively, performed for any indication. Between 2005 and 2018, the proportion of elective THA and KA patients with one or more comorbidity at the time of their operation increased substantially (THA: 20% to 38%, KA: 22% to 41%). This was driven by increases in four conditions: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2018: ~17%), diabetes without complications (2018: THA 10%, KA 14%), myocardial infarction (2018: 4%), and renal disease (2018: ~8%). Notably, renal disease prevalence increased from < 1% in 2005 to ~8% in 2018.
    Conclusion: Between 2005 and 2018 there were significant changes in the number of comorbidities recorded in patients having elective primary THAs and KAs. Renal disease is now one of the most prevalent comorbidities in this patient population. Future research should explore whether this comorbidity trend has increased the burden on other medical specialities to optimize these patients before surgery and to provide additional postoperative care.Cite this article:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Cohort Studies ; Comorbidity ; England/epidemiology ; Humans ; Registries
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2697156-2
    ISSN 2049-4408 ; 2049-4394
    ISSN (online) 2049-4408
    ISSN 2049-4394
    DOI 10.1302/0301-620X.104B9.BJJ-2022-0013.R1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical effectiveness of patellar resurfacing, no resurfacing and selective resurfacing in primary total knee replacement: systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional and observational evidence.

    Grela, Michal / Barrett, Matthew / Kunutsor, Setor K / Blom, Ashley W / Whitehouse, Michael R / Matharu, Gulraj S

    BMC musculoskeletal disorders

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 932

    Abstract: Background: Patellar resurfacing is optional during total knee replacement (TKR). Some surgeons always resurface the patella, some never resurface, and others selectively resurface. Which resurfacing strategy provides optimal outcomes is unclear. We ... ...

    Abstract Background: Patellar resurfacing is optional during total knee replacement (TKR). Some surgeons always resurface the patella, some never resurface, and others selectively resurface. Which resurfacing strategy provides optimal outcomes is unclear. We assessed the effectiveness of patellar resurfacing, no resurfacing, and selective resurfacing in primary TKR.
    Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and bibliographies were searched to November 2021 for randomised-control trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes for two or more resurfacing strategies (resurfacing, no resurfacing, or selective resurfacing) in primary TKR. Observational studies were included if limited or no RCTs existed for resurfacing comparisons. Outcomes assessed were patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), complications, and further surgery. Study-specific relative risks [RR] were aggregated using random-effects models. Quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE.
    Results: We identified 33 RCTs involving 5,540 TKRs (2,727 = resurfacing, 2,772 = no resurfacing, 41 = selective resurfacing). One trial reported on selective resurfacing. Patellar resurfacing reduced anterior knee pain compared with no resurfacing (RR = 0.65 (95% CI = 0.44-0.96)); there were no significant differences in PROMs. Resurfacing reduced the risk of revision surgery (RR = 0.63, CI = 0.42-0.94) and other complications (RR = 0.54, CI = 0.39-0.74) compared with no resurfacing. Quality of evidence ranged from high to very low. Limited observational evidence (5 studies, TKRs = 215,419) suggested selective resurfacing increased the revision risk (RR = 1.14, CI = 1.05-1.22) compared with resurfacing. Compared with no resurfacing, selective resurfacing had a higher risk of pain (RR = 1.25, CI = 1.04-1.50) and lower risk of revision (RR = 0.92, CI = 0.85-0.99).
    Conclusions: Level 1 evidence supports TKR with patellar resurfacing over no resurfacing. Resurfacing has a reduced risk of anterior knee pain, revision surgery, and complications, despite PROMs being comparable. High-quality RCTs involving selective resurfacing, the most common strategy in the UK and other countries, are needed given the limited observational data suggests selective resurfacing may not be effective over other strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Patella/surgery ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Pain/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041355-5
    ISSN 1471-2474 ; 1471-2474
    ISSN (online) 1471-2474
    ISSN 1471-2474
    DOI 10.1186/s12891-022-05877-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: How long do revised and multiply revised hip replacements last? A retrospective observational study of the National Joint Registry.

    Deere, Kevin / Whitehouse, Michael R / Kunutsor, Setor K / Sayers, Adrian / Mason, James / Blom, Ashley W

    The Lancet. Rheumatology

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 7, Page(s) e468–e479

    Abstract: Background: Hip replacements are common and effective operations but patients that undergo this intervention are at risk of the replacements failing, requiring costly and often complex revision surgery with poorer outcomes than primary surgery. There is ...

    Abstract Background: Hip replacements are common and effective operations but patients that undergo this intervention are at risk of the replacements failing, requiring costly and often complex revision surgery with poorer outcomes than primary surgery. There is paucity of reliable data examining the treatment pathway for hip replacements over the life of the patient in terms of risk of revision and re-revisions. We aim to provide detailed information on the longevity of hip revision surgery.
    Methods: We did a retrospective observational registry-based study of the National Joint Registry, using data on hip replacements from all participating hospitals in England and Wales, UK. We included data on all first revisions, with an identifiable primary procedure, with osteoarthritis as the sole indication for the original primary procedure. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to determine the cumulative probability of revision and subsequent re-revision after primary hip replacement. Analyses were stratified by age and gender, and the influence of time from first to second revision on the risk of further revision was explored.
    Findings: Between April 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2019, there were 29 010 revision hip replacements with a linked primary episode. Revision rates of revision hip replacements were higher in patients younger than 55 years than in older age groups. After revision of primary total hip replacement, 21·3% (95% CI 18·6-24·4) of first revisions were revised again within 15 years, 22·3% (20·3-24·4) of second revisions were revised again within 7 years, and 22·3% (18·3-27·0) of third revisions were revised again within 3 years. After revision of hip resurfacing, 23·7% (95% CI 19·6-28·5) of these revisions were revised again within 15 years, 21·0% (17·0-25·8) of second revisions were revised again within 7 years, and 19·3% (11·9-30·4) of third revisions were revised again within 3 years. A shorter time between revision episodes was associated with earlier subsequent revision.
    Interpretation: Younger patients are at an increased risk of multiple revisions. Patients who undergo a revision have a steadily increasing risk of further revision the more procedures they undergo, and each subsequent revision lasts for approximately half the time of the previous one. Although hip replacements are effective for improving pain and function and usually last a remarkably long time, if they are revised, successive revisions are progressively and markedly less successful.
    Funding: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership; and the National Joint Registry.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2665-9913
    ISSN (online) 2665-9913
    DOI 10.1016/S2665-9913(22)00097-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Development of evidence-based guidelines for the treatment and management of periprosthetic hip infection.

    Moore, Andrew J / Wylde, Vikki / Whitehouse, Michael R / Beswick, Andrew D / Walsh, Nicola E / Jameson, Catherine / Blom, Ashley W

    Bone & joint open

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 226–233

    Abstract: Periprosthetic hip-joint infection is a multifaceted and highly detrimental outcome for patients and clinicians. The incidence of prosthetic joint infection reported within two years of primary hip arthroplasty ranges from 0.8% to 2.1%. Costs of ... ...

    Abstract Periprosthetic hip-joint infection is a multifaceted and highly detrimental outcome for patients and clinicians. The incidence of prosthetic joint infection reported within two years of primary hip arthroplasty ranges from 0.8% to 2.1%. Costs of treatment are over five-times greater in people with periprosthetic hip joint infection than in those with no infection. Currently, there are no national evidence-based guidelines for treatment and management of this condition to guide clinical practice or to inform clinical study design. The aim of this study is to develop guidelines based on evidence from the six-year INFection and ORthopaedic Management (INFORM) research programme. We used a consensus process consisting of an evidence review to generate items for the guidelines and online consensus questionnaire and virtual face-to-face consensus meeting to draft the guidelines. The consensus panel comprised 21 clinical experts in orthopaedics, primary care, rehabilitation, and healthcare commissioning. The final output from the consensus process was a 14-item guideline. The guidelines make recommendations regarding increased vigilance and monitoring of those at increased risk of infection; diagnosis including strategies to ensure the early recognition of prosthetic infection and referral to orthopaedic teams; treatment, including early use of DAIR and revision strategies; and postoperative management including appropriate physical and psychological support and antibiotic strategies. We believe the implementation of the INFORM guidelines will inform treatment protocols and clinical pathways to improve the treatment and management of periprosthetic hip infection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2633-1462
    ISSN (online) 2633-1462
    DOI 10.1302/2633-1462.44.BJO-2022-0155.R1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Mortality and re-revision following single-stage and two-stage revision surgery for the management of infected primary hip arthroplasty in England and Wales.

    Lenguerrand, Erik / Whitehouse, Michael R / Beswick, Andrew D / Kunutsor, Setor K / Webb, Jason C J / Mehendale, Sanchit / Porter, Martyn / Blom, Ashley W

    Bone & joint research

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 321–330

    Abstract: We compared the risks of re-revision and mortality between two-stage and single-stage revision surgeries among patients with infected primary hip arthroplasty. Patients with a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of their primary arthroplasty revised ... ...

    Abstract We compared the risks of re-revision and mortality between two-stage and single-stage revision surgeries among patients with infected primary hip arthroplasty. Patients with a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of their primary arthroplasty revised with single-stage or two-stage procedure in England and Wales between 2003 and 2014 were identified from the National Joint Registry. We used Poisson regression with restricted cubic splines to compute hazard ratios (HRs) at different postoperative periods. The total number of revisions and re-revisions undergone by patients was compared between the two strategies. In total, 535 primary hip arthroplasties were revised with single-stage procedure (1,525 person-years) and 1,605 with two-stage procedure (5,885 person-years). All-cause re-revision was higher following single-stage revision, especially in the first three months (HR at 3 months = 1.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 3.43), p = 0.009). The risks were comparable thereafter. Re-revision for PJI was higher in the first three postoperative months for single-stage revision and waned with time (HR at 3 months = 1.81 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.68), p = 0.003; HR at 6 months = 1.25 (95% CI 0.71 to 2.21), p = 0.441; HR at 12 months = 0.94 (95% CI 0.54 to 1.63), p = 0.819). Patients initially managed with a single-stage revision received fewer revision operations (mean 1.3 (SD 0.7) vs 2.2 (SD 0.6), p < 0.001). Mortality rates were comparable between these two procedures (29/10,000 person-years vs 33/10,000). The risk of unplanned re-revision was lower following two-stage revision, but only in the early postoperative period. The lower overall number of revision procedures associated with a single-stage revision strategy and the equivalent mortality rates to two-stage revision are reassuring. With appropriate counselling, single-stage revision is a viable option for the treatment of hip PJI.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2669244-2
    ISSN 2046-3758
    ISSN 2046-3758
    DOI 10.1302/2046-3758.125.BJR-2022-0131.R1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Impact of pausing elective hip and knee replacement surgery during winter 2017 on subsequent service provision at a major NHS Trust: a descriptive observational study using interrupted time series.

    Jones, Tim / Penfold, Chris / Redaniel, Maria Theresa / Eyles, Emily / Keen, Tim / Elliott, Andrew / Blom, Ashley W / Judge, Andrew

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) e066398

    Abstract: Objectives: To explore the impact of a temporary cancellation of elective surgery in winter 2017 on trends in primary hip and knee replacement at a major National Health Service (NHS) Trust, and whether lessons can be learnt about efficient surgery ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To explore the impact of a temporary cancellation of elective surgery in winter 2017 on trends in primary hip and knee replacement at a major National Health Service (NHS) Trust, and whether lessons can be learnt about efficient surgery provision.
    Design and setting: Observational descriptive study using interrupted time series analysis of hospital records to explore trends in primary hip and knee replacement surgery at a major NHS Trust, as well as patient characteristics, 2016-2019.
    Intervention: A temporary cancellation of elective services for 2 months in winter 2017.
    Outcomes: NHS-funded hospital admissions for primary hip or knee replacement, length of stay and bed occupancy. Additionally, we explored the ratio of elective to emergency admissions at the Trust as a measure of elective capacity, and the ratio of public to private provision of NHS-funded hip and knee surgery.
    Results: After winter 2017, there was a sustained reduction in the number of knee replacements, a decrease in the proportion of most deprived people having knee replacements and an increase in average age for knee replacement and comorbidity for both types of surgery. The ratio of public to private provision dropped after winter 2017, and elective capacity generally has reduced over time. There was clear seasonality in provision of elective surgery, with less complex patients admitted during winter.
    Conclusions: Declining elective capacity and seasonality has a marked effect on the provision of joint replacement, despite efficiency improvements in hospital treatment. The Trust has outsourced less complex patients to independent providers, and/or treated them during winter when capacity is most limited. There is a need to explore whether these are strategies that could be used explicitly to maximise the use of limited elective capacity, provide benefit to patients and value for money for taxpayers.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; State Medicine ; Interrupted Time Series Analysis ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Hospitalization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066398
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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