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Article ; Online: Memory B cell development after asymptomatic or mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Kato, Yu / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Sun, Peifang / Balinsky, Corey A / Qiu, Qi / Cheng, Ying / Jani, Vihasi / Schilling, Megan A / Goforth, Carl W / Weir, Dawn L / Ramos, Irene / Sealfon, Stuart C / Letizia, Andrew G / Crotty, Shane

The Journal of infectious diseases

2022

Abstract: Background: The development of memory B cells after asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is not well understood.: Methods: We compared Spike antibody titers, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titers, and memory B cell responses among SARS-CoV-2 PCR ... ...

Abstract	Background: The development of memory B cells after asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is not well understood. Methods: We compared Spike antibody titers, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titers, and memory B cell responses among SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive Marine recruits who either reported asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. Results: 36 asymptomatic participants exhibited similar Spike IgG titers, Spike IgA titers, and pseudovirus neutralization titers compared to 30 symptomatic participants. Pseudovirus neutralization and Spike IgG titers showed significant positive correlations with frequency of memory B cells. Conclusions: Among young adults, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection induced antibody and memory B cell responses comparable to mild symptomatic infection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiac319
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Article: Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines.

Zhang, Zeli / Mateus, Jose / Coelho, Camila H / Dan, Jennifer M / Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski / Gálvez, Rosa Isela / Cortes, Fernanda H / Grifoni, Alba / Tarke, Alison / Chang, James / Escarrega, E Alexandar / Kim, Christina / Goodwin, Benjamin / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Frazier, April / Weiskopf, Daniela / Sette, Alessandro / Crotty, Shane

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2022

Abstract: Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be ... ...

Abstract	Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory. Here, SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific immune responses to Moderna mRNA-1273, Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S and Novavax NVX-CoV2373 were examined longitudinally for 6 months. 100% of individuals made memory CD4
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2022.03.18.484953
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Article ; Online: Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines.

Cell

2022 Volume 185, Issue 14, Page(s) 2434–2451.e17

Abstract	Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory. Here, SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific immune responses to Moderna mRNA-1273, Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S, and Novavax NVX-CoV2373 were examined longitudinally for 6 months 100% of individuals made memory CD4
MeSH term(s)	Ad26COVS1 ; Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Immunologic Memory ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Ad26COVS1 (JT2NS6183B) ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; NVX-CoV2373 adjuvated lipid nanoparticle (2SCD8Q63PF) ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.022
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron.

Tarke, Alison / Coelho, Camila H / Zhang, Zeli / Dan, Jennifer M / Yu, Esther Dawen / Methot, Nils / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Goodwin, Benjamin / Phillips, Elizabeth / Mallal, Simon / Sidney, John / Filaci, Gilberto / Weiskopf, Daniela / da Silva Antunes, Ricardo / Crotty, Shane / Grifoni, Alba / Sette, Alessandro

Cell

2022 Volume 185, Issue 5, Page(s) 847–859.e11

Abstract: We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants. T cell responses to early variants were preserved across vaccine platforms. By ... ...

Abstract	We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants. T cell responses to early variants were preserved across vaccine platforms. By contrast, significant overall decreases were observed for memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies. In subjects ∼6 months post-vaccination, 90% (CD4
MeSH term(s)	Ad26COVS1/administration & dosage ; Ad26COVS1/immunology ; BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage ; BNT162 Vaccine/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Epitopes/immunology ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology ; Humans ; Memory B Cells/immunology ; Memory B Cells/metabolism ; Memory T Cells/immunology ; Memory T Cells/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Ad26COVS1 (JT2NS6183B) ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Epitopes ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; NVX-CoV2373 adjuvated lipid nanoparticle (2SCD8Q63PF) ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015
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Article: Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines

Zhang, Zeli / Mateus, Jose / Coelho, Camila H. / Dan, Jennifer M. / Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski / Gálvez, Rosa Isela / Cortes, Fernanda H. / Grifoni, Alba / Tarke, Alison / Chang, James / Escarrega, E. Alexandar / Kim, Christina / Goodwin, Benjamin / Bloom, Nathaniel I. / Frazier, April / Weiskopf, Daniela / Sette, Alessandro / Crotty, Shane

Cell. 2022 July 07, v. 185, no. 14

2022

Abstract	Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory. Here, SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific immune responses to Moderna mRNA-1273, Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S, and Novavax NVX-CoV2373 were examined longitudinally for 6 months 100% of individuals made memory CD4⁺ T cells, with cTfh and CD4-CTL highly represented after mRNA or NVX-CoV2373 vaccination. mRNA vaccines and Ad26.COV2.S induced comparable CD8⁺ T cell frequencies, though only detectable in 60–67% of subjects at 6 months. A differentiating feature of Ad26.COV2.S immunization was a high frequency of CXCR3⁺ memory B cells. mRNA vaccinees had substantial declines in antibodies, while memory T and B cells were comparatively stable. These results may also be relevant for insights against other pathogens.
Keywords	B-lymphocytes ; COVID-19 infection ; antibodies ; immunologic memory ; memory ; vaccination ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0707
Size	p. 2434-2451.e17.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.022
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron

Tarke, Alison / Coelho, Camila H. / Zhang, Zeli / Dan, Jennifer M. / Yu, Esther Dawen / Methot, Nils / Bloom, Nathaniel I. / Goodwin, Benjamin / Phillips, Elizabeth / Mallal, Simon / Sidney, John / Filaci, Gilberto / Weiskopf, Daniela / da Silva Antunes, Ricardo / Crotty, Shane / Grifoni, Alba / Sette, Alessandro

Cell. 2022 Mar. 03, v. 185, no. 5

2022

Abstract	We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants. T cell responses to early variants were preserved across vaccine platforms. By contrast, significant overall decreases were observed for memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies. In subjects ∼6 months post-vaccination, 90% (CD4⁺) and 87% (CD8⁺) of memory T cell responses were preserved against variants on average by AIM assay, and 84% (CD4⁺) and 85% (CD8⁺) preserved against Omicron. Omicron RBD memory B cell recognition was substantially reduced to 42% compared with other variants. T cell epitope repertoire analysis revealed a median of 11 and 10 spike epitopes recognized by CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, with average preservation > 80% for Omicron. Functional preservation of the majority of T cell responses may play an important role as a second-level defense against diverse variants.
Keywords	B-lymphocytes ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; epitopes ; memory ; vaccination ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0303
Size	p. 847-859.e11.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines

Zhang, Zeli / Mateus, Jose / Coelho, Camila H. / Dan, Jennifer M. / Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski / Galvez, Rosa Isela / Cortes, Fernanda H. / Grifoni, Alba / Tarke, Alison / Chang, James / Escarrega, E. Alexandar / Kim, Christina / Goodwin, Benjamin / Bloom, Nathaniel I. / Frazier, April / Weiskopf, Daniela / Sette, Alessandro / Crotty, Shane

bioRxiv

Abstract	Multiple COVID-19 vaccines, representing diverse vaccine platforms, successfully protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths. Head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory. Here, SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific immune responses to Moderna mRNA-1273, Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2, Janssen Ad26.COV2.S and Novavax NVX-CoV2373 were examined longitudinally for 6 months. 100% of individuals made memory CD4+ T cells, with cTfh and CD4-CTL highly represented after mRNA or NVX-CoV2373 vaccination. mRNA vaccines and Ad26.COV2.S induced comparable CD8+ T cell frequencies, though memory CD8+ T cells were only detectable in 60-67% of subjects at 6 months. Ad26.COV2.S was not the strongest immunogen by any measurement, though the Ad26.COV2.S T cell, B cell, and antibody responses were relatively stable over 6 months. A differentiating feature of Ad26.COV2.S immunization was a high frequency of CXCR3+ memory B cells. mRNA vaccinees had substantial declines in neutralizing antibodies, while memory T cells and B cells were comparatively stable over 6 months. These results of these detailed immunological evaluations may also be relevant for vaccine design insights against other pathogens.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.03.18.484953
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Asymptomatic or symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection plus vaccination confers increased adaptive immunity to variants of concern.

Sun, Peifang / Ramos, Irene / Coelho, Camila H / Grifoni, Alba / Balinsky, Corey A / Vangeti, Sindhu / Tarke, Alison / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Jani, Vihasi / Jakubski, Silvia J / Boulifard, David A / Cooper, Elizabeth / Goforth, Carl W / Marayag, Jan / Marrone, Amethyst / Nunez, Edgar / White, Lindsey / Porter, Chad K / Sugiharto, Victor A /

Schilling, Megan / Mahajan, Avinash S / Beckett, Charmagne / Sette, Alessandro / Sealfon, Stuart C / Crotty, Shane / Letizia, Andrew G

iScience

2022 Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 105202

Abstract: The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires monitoring the capability of immune responses to cross-recognize Variants of Concern (VOC). In this cross-sectional study, we examined serological and cell-mediated immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 variants, ... ...

Abstract	The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires monitoring the capability of immune responses to cross-recognize Variants of Concern (VOC). In this cross-sectional study, we examined serological and cell-mediated immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, among a cohort of 18-21-year-old Marines with a history of either asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection 6 to 14 months earlier. Among the 210 participants in the study, 169 were unvaccinated while 41 received 2 doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccination of previously infected participants strongly boosted neutralizing and binding activity and memory B and T cell responses including the recognition of Omicron, compared to infected but unvaccinated participants. Additionally, no measurable differences were observed in immune memory in healthy young adults with previous symptomatic or asymptomatic infections, for ancestral or variant strains. These results provide mechanistic immunological insights into population-based differences observed in immunity against Omicron and other variants among individuals with different clinical histories.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2022.105202
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron

Tarke, Alison / Coelho, Camila H. / Zhang, Zeli / Dan, Jennifer M. / Yu, Esther Dawen / Methot, Nils / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Goodwin, Benjamin / Phillips, Elizabeth / Mallal, Simon / Sidney, John / Filaci, Gilberto / Weiskopf, Daniela / da Silva Antunes, Ricardo / Crotty, Shane / Grifoni, Alba / Sette, Alessandro

bioRxiv

Abstract: We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants. Preservation of at least 83% and 85% for CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses was found, ... ...

Abstract	We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants. Preservation of at least 83% and 85% for CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses was found, respectively, regardless of vaccine platform or variants analyzed. By contrast, highly significant decreases were observed for memory B cell and neutralizing antibody recognition of variants. Bioinformatic analyses showed full conservation of 91% and 94% of class II and class I spike epitopes. For Omicron, 72% of class II and 86% of class I epitopes were fully conserved, and 84% and 85% of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were preserved. In-depth epitope repertoire analysis showed a median of 11 and 10 spike epitopes recognized by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from vaccinees. Functional preservation of the majority of the T cell responses may play an important role as a second-level defense against diverse variants.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-28
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.12.28.474333
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans.

Poon, Maya M L / Rybkina, Ksenia / Kato, Yu / Kubota, Masaru / Matsumoto, Rei / Bloom, Nathaniel I / Zhang, Zeli / Hastie, Kathryn M / Grifoni, Alba / Weiskopf, Daniela / Wells, Steven B / Ural, Basak B / Lam, Nora / Szabo, Peter A / Dogra, Pranay / Lee, Yoon S / Gray, Joshua I / Bradley, Marissa C / Brusko, Maigan A /

Brusko, Todd M / Saphire, Erica O / Connors, Thomas J / Sette, Alessandro / Crotty, Shane / Farber, Donna L

Science immunology

2021 Volume 6, Issue 65, Page(s) eabl9105

Abstract: Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively characterized in blood; however, most functions of protective immunity must be accomplished in tissues. Here, we report from examination of SARS-CoV-2 seropositive organ donors (ages ...

Abstract	Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively characterized in blood; however, most functions of protective immunity must be accomplished in tissues. Here, we report from examination of SARS-CoV-2 seropositive organ donors (ages 10 to 74) that CD4
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunologic Memory ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Organ Specificity/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	2470-9468
ISSN (online)	2470-9468
DOI	10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9105
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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