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  1. Article ; Online: Notes from the Field: Locally Acquired Mosquito-Transmitted (Autochthonous) Plasmodium falciparum Malaria - National Capital Region, Maryland, August 2023.

    Duwell, Monique / DeVita, Timothy / Torpey, David / Chen, Jenny / Myers, Robert A / Mace, Kimberly / Ridpath, Alison D / Odongo, Wycliffe / Raphael, Brian H / Lenhart, Audrey / Tongren, Jon Eric / Stanley, Stephen / Blythe, David

    MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 41, Page(s) 1123–1125

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Culicidae ; Maryland/epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis ; Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology ; Plasmodium falciparum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 412775-4
    ISSN 1545-861X ; 0149-2195
    ISSN (online) 1545-861X
    ISSN 0149-2195
    DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm7241a3
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  2. Article ; Online: Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.

    Harris, Anthony D / Pineles, Lisa / Johnson, J Kristie / O'Hara, Lyndsay M / Smith, L Leigh / French, Indira / Rubin, Jamie / Perlmutter, Rebecca / Heller, Ashley / Klein, Liore / Thoguru, John / Blythe, David / Vaeth, Elisabeth

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 330, Issue 18, Page(s) 1769–1772

    Abstract: Importance: To date, only 1 statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Acinetobacter baumannii (2009) in the US, and no statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Candida auris, making the current burden of these emerging pathogens ... ...

    Abstract Importance: To date, only 1 statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Acinetobacter baumannii (2009) in the US, and no statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Candida auris, making the current burden of these emerging pathogens unknown.
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of A baumannii and C auris among patients receiving mechanical ventilation in Maryland.
    Design, setting, and participants: The Maryland Multi-Drug Resistant Organism Prevention Collaborative performed a statewide cross-sectional point prevalence of patients receiving mechanical ventilation admitted to acute care hospitals (n = 33) and long-term care facilities (n = 18) between March 7, 2023, and June 8, 2023. Surveillance cultures (sputum, perianal, arm/leg, and axilla/groin) were obtained from all patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Sputum, perianal, and arm/leg cultures were tested for A baumannii and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed. Axilla/groin cultures were tested by polymerase chain reaction for C auris.
    Main outcomes and measures: Prevalence of A baumannii, carbapenem-resistant A baumannii (CRAB), and C auris. Prevalence was stratified by type of facility.
    Results: All 51 eligible health care facilities (100%) participated in the survey. A total of 482 patients receiving mechanical ventilation were screened for A baumannii and 470 were screened for C auris. Among the 482 patients who had samples collected, 30.7% (148/482) grew A baumannii, 88 of the 148 (59.5%) of these A baumannii were CRAB, and C auris was identified in 31 of 470 (6.6%). Patients in long-term care facilities were more likely to be colonized with A baumannii (relative risk [RR], 7.66 [95% CI, 5.11-11.50], P < .001), CRAB (RR, 5.48 [95% CI, 3.38-8.91], P < .001), and C auris (RR, 1.97 [95% CI, 0.99-3.92], P = .05) compared with patients in acute care hospitals. Nine patients (29.0%) with cultures positive for C auris were previously unreported to the Maryland Department of Health.
    Conclusions: A baumannii, carbapenem-resistant A baumannii, and C auris were common among patients receiving mechanical ventilation in both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. Both pathogens were significantly more common in long-term care facilities than in acute care hospitals. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation in long-term care facilities are a high-risk population for emerging pathogens, and surveillance and prevention efforts should be targeted to these facilities.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification ; Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy ; Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology ; Acinetobacter Infections/prevention & control ; Candida auris/isolation & purification ; Carbapenems/therapeutic use ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prevalence ; Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects ; Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data ; Candidiasis/drug therapy ; Candidiasis/epidemiology ; Candidiasis/microbiology ; Candidiasis/prevention & control ; Maryland/epidemiology ; Health Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; Drug Resistance, Microbial
    Chemical Substances Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2023.21083
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  3. Article ; Online: Completeness of HIV nucleotide sequence ascertainment and its potential impact on understanding HIV transmission - Maryland, 2011-2013

    Brooks, Richard B / Feldman, Katherine A / Blythe, David / Flynn, Colin

    AIDS care

    2018  Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 621–628

    Abstract: HIV nucleotide sequences generated through routine drug resistance testing (DRT) and reported to Maryland's Molecular HIV Surveillance system are most effective for elucidating transmission patterns and identifying outbreaks if DRT is ordered promptly ... ...

    Abstract HIV nucleotide sequences generated through routine drug resistance testing (DRT) and reported to Maryland's Molecular HIV Surveillance system are most effective for elucidating transmission patterns and identifying outbreaks if DRT is ordered promptly and sequences are reported completely. Among reported cases of HIV infection newly diagnosed during 2011-2013 in Maryland residents aged ≥13 years, we assessed sequence ascertainment completeness. To better understand which populations were most likely to have a sequence, we examined associations between sequence ascertainment and clinical and demographic characteristics. During 2011-2013, 4423 new HIV infection diagnoses were reported; sequences were ascertained for 1282 (29.0%). Among 3267 cases with complete data, odds for having a sequence ascertained were highest for cases in persons living inside Maryland's Central Region with initial CD4 counts ≤500 cells/mm
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/transmission ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV-1/drug effects ; HIV-1/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Maryland ; Mass Screening/organization & administration ; Middle Aged ; Nucleotides ; Odds Ratio ; Population Surveillance
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents ; Nucleotides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1012651-x
    ISSN 1360-0451 ; 0954-0121
    ISSN (online) 1360-0451
    ISSN 0954-0121
    DOI 10.1080/09540121.2018.1545983
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  4. Article: Prevalence of private drinking water wells is associated with salmonellosis incidence in Maryland, USA: An ecological analysis using foodborne diseases active surveillance network (FoodNet) data (2007–2016)

    Murray, Rianna T / Cruz-Cano, Raul / Nasko, Daniel / Blythe, David / Ryan, Patricia / Boyle, Michelle / Wilson, Sacoby / Sapkota, Amy R

    Science of the total environment. 2021 Sept. 15, v. 787

    2021  

    Abstract: Salmonellosis is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. Salmonella infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, including the consumption of eggs and poultry. Recently, socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental ... ...

    Abstract Salmonellosis is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. Salmonella infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, including the consumption of eggs and poultry. Recently, socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental factors, including drinking water source, have also been shown to influence the risk of salmonellosis. However, there are few data evaluating the association between consuming private well water and risk of Salmonella infections. Here, we examined the association between the prevalence of private drinking water wells and the incidence of salmonellosis in Maryland. Culture-confirmed salmonellosis case data (2007–2016) were obtained from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network. Cases were linked by zip code with data from the Maryland well permits registry, the 2010 U.S. Census, the 2016 American Community Survey, and the USDA Agricultural Census. Well prevalence and salmonellosis incidence rates were calculated by zip code, and associations were evaluated using negative binomial regression models. From 2007 to 2016, a total of 8850 salmonellosis cases were reported in Maryland. Annual incidence rates ranged from 12.98 to 17.25 per 100,000 people. Prevalence of private wells in a zip code was statistically significantly associated with salmonellosis incidence at a statewide level (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR] = 1.62; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.35, 1.93) and in the coastal zone of Maryland (IRR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.31, 1.99). The presence of broiler chicken operations and the percentage of people living below the poverty level were also significantly associated with salmonellosis incidence at the zip code level in the coastal zone. To our knowledge, these are the first U.S. data to characterize the relationship between private drinking water wells and the risk of salmonellosis using an ecological study design. Our findings provide support for Salmonella testing of private wells in Maryland, as well as strengthening private well water regulations and improving the education of homeowners on well maintenance.
    Keywords FoodNet (CDC) ; Salmonella ; USDA ; broiler chickens ; coasts ; confidence interval ; ecological studies ; education ; experimental design ; foodborne illness ; monitoring ; poverty ; salmonellosis ; well water ; Maryland
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0915
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147682
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  5. Article ; Online: Association between private drinking water wells and the incidence of Campylobacteriosis in Maryland: An ecological analysis using Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data (2007-2016).

    Murray, Rianna T / Cruz-Cano, Raul / Nasko, Daniel / Blythe, David / Ryan, Patricia / Boyle, Michelle M / Wilson, Sacoby M / Sapkota, Amy R

    Environmental research

    2020  Volume 188, Page(s) 109773

    Abstract: Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Socioeconomic, agricultural ... ...

    Abstract Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental factors, including drinking water source, can also influence the risk of campylobacteriosis. Approximately 19% of Maryland residents rely on private wells as their sole source of water. Given that the federal Safe Drinking Water Act does not regulate the water quality of private wells, these could be important non-foodborne transmission pathways for Campylobacter. To address this issue, data on the number of culture-confirmed cases of Campylobacter infection in Maryland between 2007 and 2016 were obtained from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network. Cases were linked by zip code with data from the Maryland well permits registry, the 2010 U.S. Census, the 2016 American Community Survey, and the USDA Agricultural Census. Campylobacteriosis incidence rates and well prevalence were calculated by zip code. Negative binomial regression models were then constructed to evaluate the association between the prevalence of private wells, presence/absence of animal feeding operations and the incidence of campylobacteriosis across the physiographic provinces in Maryland. From 2007 to 2016, a total of 5746 cases of campylobacteriosis were reported in Maryland, and annual incidence rates ranged from 6.65 to 11.59 per 100,000 people. In our statewide analysis, a significant positive association was observed between well prevalence and increased campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.35, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.11, 1.63). A significant positive association was also observed between well prevalence and increased campylobacteriosis incidence in the Appalachian and Coastal provinces of Maryland (IRR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.11, 7.76 and IRR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.31, respectively). The presence of broiler chicken operations, increasing median age and percentage of residents living in poverty were also significantly associated with campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level in some physiographic provinces in Maryland. To our knowledge, these are the first US data to demonstrate an association between prevalence of private wells and campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Campylobacter ; Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Chickens ; Drinking Water ; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Maryland/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology ; Watchful Waiting
    Chemical Substances Drinking Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109773
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  6. Article: Association between private drinking water wells and the incidence of Campylobacteriosis in Maryland: An ecological analysis using Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data (2007–2016)

    Murray, Rianna T / Cruz-Cano, Raul / Nasko, Daniel / Blythe, David / Ryan, Patricia / Boyle, Michelle M / Wilson, Sacoby M / Sapkota, Amy R

    Environmental research. 2020 Sept., v. 188

    2020  

    Abstract: Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Socioeconomic, agricultural ... ...

    Abstract Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have most often been associated with food-related risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental factors, including drinking water source, can also influence the risk of campylobacteriosis. Approximately 19% of Maryland residents rely on private wells as their sole source of water. Given that the federal Safe Drinking Water Act does not regulate the water quality of private wells, these could be important non-foodborne transmission pathways for Campylobacter. To address this issue, data on the number of culture-confirmed cases of Campylobacter infection in Maryland between 2007 and 2016 were obtained from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network. Cases were linked by zip code with data from the Maryland well permits registry, the 2010 U.S. Census, the 2016 American Community Survey, and the USDA Agricultural Census. Campylobacteriosis incidence rates and well prevalence were calculated by zip code. Negative binomial regression models were then constructed to evaluate the association between the prevalence of private wells, presence/absence of animal feeding operations and the incidence of campylobacteriosis across the physiographic provinces in Maryland. From 2007 to 2016, a total of 5746 cases of campylobacteriosis were reported in Maryland, and annual incidence rates ranged from 6.65 to 11.59 per 100,000 people. In our statewide analysis, a significant positive association was observed between well prevalence and increased campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.35, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.11, 1.63). A significant positive association was also observed between well prevalence and increased campylobacteriosis incidence in the Appalachian and Coastal provinces of Maryland (IRR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.11, 7.76 and IRR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.31, respectively). The presence of broiler chicken operations, increasing median age and percentage of residents living in poverty were also significantly associated with campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level in some physiographic provinces in Maryland. To our knowledge, these are the first US data to demonstrate an association between prevalence of private wells and campylobacteriosis incidence at the zip code level.
    Keywords Campylobacter ; FoodNet (CDC) ; USDA ; broiler chickens ; campylobacteriosis ; confidence interval ; foodborne illness ; monitoring ; people ; poverty ; raw milk ; research ; surveys ; water quality ; Maryland
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-09
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109773
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  7. Article ; Online: How did the 2022 global mpox outbreak happen? A travel-associated case 6 months earlier may provide important clues.

    Kreuze, Molly A / Minhaj, Faisal S / Duwell, Monique / Gigante, Crystal M / Kim, Alexander M / Crum, David / Perlmutter, Rebecca / Rubin, Jamie H / Myers, Robert / Lukula, Salimatu L / Ravi-Caldwell, Nivedita / Sockwell, Denise / Chen, Tai-Ho / de Perio, Marie A / Hughes, Christine M / Davidson, Whitni B / Wilkins, Kim / Baird, Nicolle / Lowe, David /
    Li, Yu / McCollum, Andrea M / Blythe, David / Rao, Agam K

    Travel medicine and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 55, Page(s) 102618

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Travel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2170891-5
    ISSN 1873-0442 ; 1477-8939
    ISSN (online) 1873-0442
    ISSN 1477-8939
    DOI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102618
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  8. Article ; Online: Fungal meningitis from injection of contaminated steroids: a compounding problem.

    Wilson, Lucy E / Blythe, David / Sharfstein, Joshua M

    JAMA

    2012  Volume 308, Issue 23, Page(s) 2461–2462

    MeSH term(s) Disease Outbreaks ; Drug Compounding/standards ; Drug Contamination ; Humans ; Interinstitutional Relations ; Meningitis, Fungal/epidemiology ; Meningitis, Fungal/etiology ; Meningitis, Fungal/prevention & control ; Pain/drug therapy ; Patient Safety ; Population Surveillance ; Risk ; Steroids/administration & dosage ; Steroids/adverse effects ; United States/epidemiology ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Chemical Substances Steroids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2012.47932
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  9. Article ; Online: Association of E484K Spike Protein Mutation With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Vaccinated Persons: Maryland, January-May 2021.

    Feder, Kenneth A / Patel, Ami / Vepachedu, Venkata R / Dominguez, Catherine / Keller, Eric N / Klein, Liore / Kim, Curi / Blood, Tim / Hyun, Judie / Williams, Thelonious W / Feldman, Katherine A / Mostafa, Heba H / Morris, C Paul / Ravel, Jacques / Duwell, Monique / Blythe, David / Myers, Robert

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2021  Volume 74, Issue 11, Page(s) 2053–2056

    Abstract: Among 9048 people infected with SARS-CoV-2 between January and May 2021 in Maryland, in regression-adjusted analysis, SARS-CoV-2 viruses carrying the spike protein mutation E484K were disproportionately prevalent among persons infected after full ... ...

    Abstract Among 9048 people infected with SARS-CoV-2 between January and May 2021 in Maryland, in regression-adjusted analysis, SARS-CoV-2 viruses carrying the spike protein mutation E484K were disproportionately prevalent among persons infected after full vaccination against COVID-19 compared with infected persons who were not fully vaccinated (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI: 1.36-2.83).
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Maryland/epidemiology ; Mutation ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciab762
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  10. Article ; Online: Likely Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus from a Man with No Symptoms of Infection - Maryland, 2016.

    Brooks, Richard B / Carlos, Maria Paz / Myers, Robert A / White, Mary Grace / Bobo-Lenoci, Tanya / Aplan, Debra / Blythe, David / Feldman, Katherine A

    MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

    2016  Volume 65, Issue 34, Page(s) 915–916

    Abstract: In June 2016, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DHMH) was notified of a nonpregnant woman who sought treatment for a subjective fever and an itchy rash, which was described as maculopapular by her provider. Laboratory testing at the ... ...

    Abstract In June 2016, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DHMH) was notified of a nonpregnant woman who sought treatment for a subjective fever and an itchy rash, which was described as maculopapular by her provider. Laboratory testing at the Maryland DHMH Laboratories Administration confirmed Zika virus infection. Case investigation revealed that the woman had not traveled to a region with ongoing transmission of Zika virus, but did have sexual contact with a male partner who had recently traveled to the Dominican Republic. The male partner reported exposure to mosquitoes while traveling, but no symptoms consistent with Zika virus infection either before or after returning to the United States. The woman reported no other sex partners during the 14 days before onset of her symptoms and no receipt of blood products or organ transplants.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification ; Asymptomatic Infections ; Dominican Republic ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Male ; Maryland ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral ; Travel ; Unsafe Sex ; Zika Virus/immunology ; Zika Virus/isolation & purification ; Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis ; Zika Virus Infection/transmission
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin M
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 412775-4
    ISSN 1545-861X ; 0149-2195
    ISSN (online) 1545-861X
    ISSN 0149-2195
    DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6534e2
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