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  1. Article ; Online: Species-specific coral microbiome assemblages support host bleaching resistance during an extreme marine heatwave.

    Longley, Reid / Benucci, Gian Maria Niccolò / Pochon, Xavier / Bonito, Gregory / Bonito, Victor

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 906, Page(s) 167803

    Abstract: Scleractinian assemblages are threatened by marine heat waves with coral survivorship depending on host genetics and microbiome composition. We documented an extreme marine heat wave in Fiji and the response of corals in two thermally stressed reef flats. ...

    Abstract Scleractinian assemblages are threatened by marine heat waves with coral survivorship depending on host genetics and microbiome composition. We documented an extreme marine heat wave in Fiji and the response of corals in two thermally stressed reef flats. Through high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S and ITS rDNA phylogenetic markers, we assessed coral microbiomes (Symbiodiniaceae, prokaryotes, fungi, and Apicomplexa) of paired bleached and unbleached colonies of four common coral species representative of dominant genera in the South Pacific. While all coral species exhibited one or more pathways to bleaching resistance, harboring assemblages composed primarily of thermally tolerant photosymbionts did not always result in host bleaching resistance. Montipora and Pocillopora species, which associate with diverse Symbiodiniaceae and vertically transmit their photosymbionts, fared better than Acropora, which acquire their photosymbionts from the environment, and Porites, which associate with a narrow photosymbiont assemblage. Prokaryotic and fungal beta diversity did not differ between bleached and unbleached conspecifics, however, the relative abundance of the fungus Malassezia globosa was significantly greater in unbleached colonies of Montipora digitata. Each coral species harbored distinct assemblages of Symbiodiniaceae, prokaryotes, and Apicomplexa, but not fungi, reiterating the importance of host genetics in structuring components of its microbiome. Terrestrial fungal and prokaryotic taxa were detected at low abundance across coral microbiomes, indicating that allochthonous microbial inputs occur, but that coral microbiomes remain dominated by marine microbial taxa. Our study offers valuable insights into the microbiome assemblages associated with coral tolerance to extreme water temperatures.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthozoa/physiology ; Coral Reefs ; Phylogeny ; Microbiota ; Hot Temperature ; Dinoflagellida/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167803
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: First insights into the impacts of benthic cyanobacterial mats on fish herbivory functions on a nearshore coral reef.

    Ford, Amanda K / Visser, Petra M / van Herk, Maria J / Jongepier, Evelien / Bonito, Victor

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 7147

    Abstract: Benthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs) are becoming increasingly common on coral reefs. In Fiji, blooms generally occur in nearshore areas during warm months but some are starting to prevail through cold months. Many fundamental knowledge gaps about BCM ... ...

    Abstract Benthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs) are becoming increasingly common on coral reefs. In Fiji, blooms generally occur in nearshore areas during warm months but some are starting to prevail through cold months. Many fundamental knowledge gaps about BCM proliferation remain, including their composition and how they influence reef processes. This study examined a seasonal BCM bloom occurring in a 17-year-old no-take inshore reef area in Fiji. Surveys quantified the coverage of various BCM-types and estimated the biomass of key herbivorous fish functional groups. Using remote video observations, we compared fish herbivory (bite rates) on substrate covered primarily by BCMs (> 50%) to substrate lacking BCMs (< 10%) and looked for indications of fish (opportunistically) consuming BCMs. Samples of different BCM-types were analysed by microscopy and next-generation amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA). In total, BCMs covered 51 ± 4% (mean ± s.e.m) of the benthos. Herbivorous fish biomass was relatively high (212 ± 36 kg/ha) with good representation across functional groups. Bite rates were significantly reduced on BCM-dominated substratum, and no fish were unambiguously observed consuming BCMs. Seven different BCM-types were identified, with most containing a complex consortium of cyanobacteria. These results provide insight into BCM composition and impacts on inshore Pacific reefs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Coral Reefs ; Cyanobacteria/physiology ; Fishes/physiology ; Harmful Algal Bloom ; Herbivory/physiology ; Microalgae/physiology ; Microbiota/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-84016-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Fungal, Bacterial, and Archaeal Diversity in Soils Beneath Native and Introduced Plants in Fiji, South Pacific.

    Benucci, Gian Maria Niccolò / Bonito, Victor / Bonito, Gregory

    Microbial ecology

    2018  Volume 78, Issue 1, Page(s) 136–146

    Abstract: The Fiji Islands is an archipelago of more than 330 islands located in the tropics of the South Pacific Ocean. Microbial diversity and biogeography in this region is still not understood. Here, we present the first molecular characterization of fungal, ... ...

    Abstract The Fiji Islands is an archipelago of more than 330 islands located in the tropics of the South Pacific Ocean. Microbial diversity and biogeography in this region is still not understood. Here, we present the first molecular characterization of fungal, bacterial, and archaeal communities in soils from different habitats within the largest Fijian island, Viti Levu. Soil samples were collected from under native vegetation in maritime-, forest-, stream-, grassland-, and casuarina-dominated habitats, as well as from under the introduced agricultural crops sugarcane, cassava, pine, and mahogany. Soil microbial diversity was analyzed through MiSeq amplicon sequencing of 16S (for prokaryotes), ITS, LSU ribosomal DNA (for fungi). Prokaryotic communities were dominated by Proteobacteria (~ 25%), Acidobacteria (~ 19%), and Actinobacteria (~ 17%), and there were no indicator species associated with particular habitats. ITS and LSU were congruent in β-diversity patterns of fungi, and fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota (~ 57-64%), followed by Basidiomycota (~ 20-23%) and Mucoromycota (~ 10%) according to ITS, or Chytridiomycota (~ 9%) according to LSU. Indicator species analysis of fungi found statistical associations of Cenococcum, Wilcoxina, and Rhizopogon to Pinus caribaea. We hypothesize these obligate biotrophic fungi were co-introduced with their host plant. Entoloma was statistically associated with grassland soils, and Fusarium and Lecythophora with soils under cassava. Observed richness varied from 65 (casuarina) to 404 OTUs (cassava) for fungi according to ITS region, and from 1268 (pine) to 2931 OTUs (cassava) for bacteria and archaea. A major finding of this research is that nearly 25% of the fungal OTUs are poorly classified, indicative of novel biodiversity in this region. This preliminary survey provides important baseline data on fungal, bacterial, and archaeal diversity and biogeography in the Fiji Islands.
    MeSH term(s) Archaea/classification ; Archaea/genetics ; Archaea/isolation & purification ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystem ; Fiji ; Fungi/classification ; Fungi/genetics ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Introduced Species ; Phylogeny ; Plants/microbiology ; Soil/chemistry ; Soil Microbiology
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1462065-0
    ISSN 1432-184X ; 0095-3628
    ISSN (online) 1432-184X
    ISSN 0095-3628
    DOI 10.1007/s00248-018-1266-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: In Situ Tissue Engineering: Seducing the Body to Regenerate.

    Smits, Anthal I P M / Bonito, Valentina / Stoddart, Martin

    Tissue engineering. Part A

    2016  Volume 22, Issue 17-18, Page(s) 1061–1062

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2420582-5
    ISSN 1937-335X ; 1937-3341
    ISSN (online) 1937-335X
    ISSN 1937-3341
    DOI 10.1089/ten.TEA.2016.0247
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Cyclic Strain Affects Macrophage Cytokine Secretion and Extracellular Matrix Turnover in Electrospun Scaffolds.

    Bonito, Valentina / de Kort, Bente J / Bouten, Carlijn V C / Smits, Anthal I P M

    Tissue engineering. Part A

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 17-18, Page(s) 1310–1325

    Abstract: Impact statement: Electrospun elastomeric scaffolds are being used for a variety ... ...

    Abstract Impact statement: Electrospun elastomeric scaffolds are being used for a variety of
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2420582-5
    ISSN 1937-335X ; 1937-3341
    ISSN (online) 1937-335X
    ISSN 1937-3341
    DOI 10.1089/ten.TEA.2018.0306
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: the problem of consent.

    Ciccone, A / Bonito, V

    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2003  Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 339–351

    Abstract: The physician who decides to administer a thrombolytic therapy to a patient with acute stroke, has to consider both the results of randomized controlled trials, a complex matter itself, and problems related to consent, with its deontological and legal ... ...

    Abstract The physician who decides to administer a thrombolytic therapy to a patient with acute stroke, has to consider both the results of randomized controlled trials, a complex matter itself, and problems related to consent, with its deontological and legal aspects, in the difficult contest of the emergency situations and acute stroke care. Although the analysis of studies on thrombolysis in medical literature has been ample and may be redundant, the latter aspect, i.e. that of how to cope with the problem of consent, has never been treated adequately. The problem of consent is particularly important and delicate in Italy and in most countries of the European Union, where thrombolytic therapy can be used only off label or within experimental studies. This document aims to provide the tools needed to overcome the gap between the generic indication for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke, coming from clinical studies, and its effective use.
    MeSH term(s) Brain Ischemia/drug therapy ; Brain Ischemia/psychology ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Mental Competency/psychology ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Postoperative Complications ; Stroke/drug therapy ; Stroke/psychology ; Third-Party Consent ; Thrombolytic Therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-02-05
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2016546-8
    ISSN 1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
    ISSN (online) 1590-3478
    ISSN 1590-1874
    DOI 10.1007/s100720100062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Modulation of macrophage phenotype and protein secretion via heparin-IL-4 functionalized supramolecular elastomers.

    Bonito, V / Smits, A I P M / Goor, O J G M / Ippel, B D / Driessen-Mol, A / Münker, T J A G / Bosman, A W / Mes, T / Dankers, P Y W / Bouten, C V C

    Acta biomaterialia

    2018  Volume 71, Page(s) 247–260

    Abstract: Hallmark of the in situ tissue engineering approach is the use of bioresorbable, synthetic, acellular scaffolds, which are designed to modulate the inflammatory response and actively trigger tissue regeneration by the body itself at the site of ... ...

    Abstract Hallmark of the in situ tissue engineering approach is the use of bioresorbable, synthetic, acellular scaffolds, which are designed to modulate the inflammatory response and actively trigger tissue regeneration by the body itself at the site of implantation. Much research is devoted to the design of synthetic materials modulating the polarization of macrophages, which are essential mediators of the early stages of the inflammatory response. Here, we present a novel method for the functionalization of elastomers based on synthetic peptide chemistry, supramolecular self-assembly, and immobilization of heparin and interleukin 4 (IL-4), which is known to skew the polarization of macrophages into the wound healing "M2" phenotype. Ureido-pyrimidinone (UPy)-modified chain extended polycaprolactone (CE-UPy-PCL) was mixed with a UPy-modified heparin binding peptide (UPy-HBP) to allow for immobilization of heparin, and further functionalization with IL-4 via its heparin binding domain. As a first proof of principle, CE-UPy-PCL and UPy-HBP were premixed in solution, dropcast and exposed to primary human monocyte-derived macrophages, in the presence or absence of IL-4-heparin functionalization. It was demonstrated that the supramolecular IL-4-heparin functionalization effectively promoted macrophage polarization into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, in terms of morphology, immunohistochemistry and cytokine secretion. Moreover, the supramolecular functionalization approach used was successfully translated to 3D electrospun scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering purposes, where UPy-HBP retention, and heparin and IL-4 attachment to the supramolecular scaffolds were proven over 7 days. Lastly, human monocyte-derived macrophages were cultured on 3D scaffolds, which, in case of IL-4-heparin functionalization, were proven to promote of an anti-inflammatory environment on protein level. This study presents a novel method in designing a versatile class of functionalized elastomers that effectively harness the anti-inflammatory behavior of macrophages in vitro, and as such, may be instrumental for the development of a new class of synthetic materials for in situ tissue engineering purposes.
    Statement of significance: Macrophages and their phenotypic and functional plasticity play a pivotal role in metabolic homeostasis and tissue repair. Based on this notion, bioactivated materials modulating macrophage polarization were extensively investigated in the past. Here, we designed immunomodulating, synthetic materials based on supramolecular immobilization of a heparin binding peptide, and further bioactivation with heparin and IL-4, an anti-inflammatory cytokine responsible for M2 activation and polarization. Human monocyte-derived macrophages cultured on heparin-IL-4 bioactivated materials displayed an elongated morphology and an anti-inflammatory phenotype, with downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines over time. This study represents the first step in designing a novel class of synthetic, bioactivated materials that harness the regenerative behavior of host macrophages towards in situ tissue regeneration.
    MeSH term(s) Elastomers/chemistry ; Heparin/chemistry ; Humans ; Interleukin-4/chemistry ; Macrophages/cytology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Protein Domains ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Elastomers ; IL4 protein, human ; Interleukin-4 (207137-56-2) ; Heparin (9005-49-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2173841-5
    ISSN 1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
    ISSN (online) 1878-7568
    ISSN 1742-7061
    DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.02.032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Biomaterial-driven in situ cardiovascular tissue engineering-a multi-disciplinary perspective.

    Wissing, Tamar B / Bonito, Valentina / Bouten, Carlijn V C / Smits, Anthal I P M

    NPJ Regenerative medicine

    2017  Volume 2, Page(s) 18

    Abstract: There is a persistent and growing clinical need for readily-available substitutes for heart valves and small-diameter blood vessels. In situ tissue engineering is emerging as a disruptive new technology, providing ready-to-use biodegradable, cell-free ... ...

    Abstract There is a persistent and growing clinical need for readily-available substitutes for heart valves and small-diameter blood vessels. In situ tissue engineering is emerging as a disruptive new technology, providing ready-to-use biodegradable, cell-free constructs which are designed to induce regeneration upon implantation, directly in the functional site. The induced regenerative process hinges around the host response to the implanted biomaterial and the interplay between immune cells, stem/progenitor cell and tissue cells in the microenvironment provided by the scaffold in the hemodynamic environment. Recapitulating the complex tissue microstructure and function of cardiovascular tissues is a highly challenging target. Therein the scaffold plays an instructive role, providing the microenvironment that attracts and harbors host cells, modulating the inflammatory response, and acting as a temporal roadmap for new tissue to be formed. Moreover, the biomechanical loads imposed by the hemodynamic environment play a pivotal role. Here, we provide a multidisciplinary view on in situ cardiovascular tissue engineering using synthetic scaffolds; starting from the state-of-the art, the principles of the biomaterial-driven host response and wound healing and the cellular players involved, toward the impact of the biomechanical, physical, and biochemical microenvironmental cues that are given by the scaffold design. To conclude, we pinpoint and further address the main current challenges for in situ cardiovascular regeneration, namely the achievement of tissue homeostasis, the development of predictive models for long-term performances of the implanted grafts, and the necessity for stratification for successful clinical translation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2057-3995
    ISSN (online) 2057-3995
    DOI 10.1038/s41536-017-0023-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Effects of polarization and apodization on laser induced optical breakdown threshold.

    Varghese, Babu / Turco, Simona / Bonito, Valentina / Verhagen, Rieko

    Optics express

    2013  Volume 21, Issue 15, Page(s) 18304–18310

    Abstract: We investigated the influence of polarization and apodization on laser induced optical breakdown threshold in transparent and diffuse media using linearly and radially polarized light. We demonstrate a lower irradiance threshold for optical breakdown ... ...

    Abstract We investigated the influence of polarization and apodization on laser induced optical breakdown threshold in transparent and diffuse media using linearly and radially polarized light. We demonstrate a lower irradiance threshold for optical breakdown using radially polarized light. The dominance of radial polarization in higher-order multiphoton ionization has important medical applications where a lower irradiance threshold may allow reaching deeper layers inside the skin with less risk of collateral damage and thereby improving safety and efficacy of treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Computer Simulation ; Differential Threshold/physiology ; Differential Threshold/radiation effects ; Humans ; Laser Therapy/methods ; Light ; Models, Biological ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry/methods ; Scattering, Radiation ; Skin Physiological Phenomena/radiation effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1491859-6
    ISSN 1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
    ISSN (online) 1094-4087
    ISSN 1094-4087
    DOI 10.1364/OE.21.018304
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Updating superficial siderosis of the central nervous system: bleeding of a dorsal osteophyte into the subarachnoid space from a perforating artery.

    Brembilla, Carlo / Lanterna, Luigi Andrea / Bonito, Virginio / Gardinetti, Margherita / Dorelli, Gianluigi / Rampini, Angela Dele / Gritti, Paolo / Bernucci, Claudio

    Journal of neurosurgery. Spine

    2018  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 106–110

    Abstract: Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SSCNS) is an uncommon and often unrecognized disorder that results from recurrent and persistent bleeding into the subarachnoid space. Currently, there is no effective treatment for SSCNS. The ... ...

    Abstract Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SSCNS) is an uncommon and often unrecognized disorder that results from recurrent and persistent bleeding into the subarachnoid space. Currently, there is no effective treatment for SSCNS. The identification and surgical resolution of the cause of bleeding remains the most reliable method of treatment, but the cause of bleeding is often not apparent. The identified sources of recurrent bleeding have typically included neoplasms, vascular malformations, brachial plexus or nerve root injury or avulsion, and previous head and spinal surgery. An association between recurrent bleeding in the CNS and dural abnormalities in the spine has recently been suggested. Dural tears have been identified in relation to a protruding disc or osteophyte. Also in these patients, the exact mechanism of bleeding remains unknown because of a lack of objective surgical data, even in patients who undergo neurosurgical procedures.The present case concerns a 48-year-old man who presented with longstanding symptoms of mild hearing loss and mild gait ataxia. A diagnosis of SSCNS was made in light of the patient's history and the findings on physical examination, imaging, and laboratory testing. MRI and CT detected a small calcific osteophyte in the anterior epidural space of T8-9. The patient underwent surgical removal of the bone spur and dural tear repair. During the surgery, the authors detected a perforating artery, which was on the osteophyte, that was bleeding into the subarachnoid space. This case shows a possible mechanism of chronic bleeding from an osteophyte into the subarachnoid space. In the literature currently available, a perforating artery on an osteophyte bleeding into the subarachnoid space has never been described in SSCNS.
    MeSH term(s) Arteries/surgery ; Central Nervous System/surgery ; Hemosiderin/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Osteophyte/complications ; Osteophyte/diagnosis ; Osteophyte/surgery ; Rupture ; Siderosis/diagnosis ; Siderosis/surgery ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/etiology ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/surgery ; Subarachnoid Space/surgery
    Chemical Substances Hemosiderin (9011-92-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2158643-3
    ISSN 1547-5646 ; 1547-5654
    ISSN (online) 1547-5646
    ISSN 1547-5654
    DOI 10.3171/2018.7.SPINE18300
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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