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Article ; Online: Genetic and epigenetic regulation of CRTC1 in human eating behaviour and fat distribution: Methodological and clinical insights and considerations.

Booij, Linda

2019 Volume 45, Page(s) 15–16

MeSH term(s)	Epigenesis, Genetic ; Feeding Behavior ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Transcription Factors/genetics
Chemical Substances	CRTC1 protein, human ; Transcription Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2851331-9
ISSN	2352-3964
ISSN (online)	2352-3964
DOI	10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.019
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Zs.A 7090: Show issues

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Article ; Online: DNA methylation as a mediator in the association between prenatal maternal stress and child mental health outcomes: Current state of knowledge.

Azar, Naomi / Booij, Linda

Journal of affective disorders

2022 Volume 319, Page(s) 142–163

Abstract: Background: Prenatal maternal stress is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for offspring mental health challenges. DNA methylation may be a mechanism, but few studies directly tested mediation. These few integrative studies are reviewed along with ...

Abstract	Background: Prenatal maternal stress is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for offspring mental health challenges. DNA methylation may be a mechanism, but few studies directly tested mediation. These few integrative studies are reviewed along with studies from three research areas: prenatal maternal stress and child mental health, prenatal maternal stress and child DNA methylation, and child mental health and DNA methylation. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of articles in each research area and the few published integrative studies to evaluate the state of knowledge. Results: Prenatal maternal stress was related to greater offspring internalizing and externalizing symptoms and to greater offspring peripheral DNA methylation of the NR3C1 gene. Youth mental health problems were also related to NR3C1 hypermethylation while epigenome-wide studies identified genes involved in nervous system development. Integrative studies focused on infant outcomes and did not detect significant mediation by DNA methylation though methodological considerations may partially explain these null results. Limitations: Operationalization of prenatal maternal stress and child mental health varied greatly. The few published integrative studies did not report conclusive evidence of mediation by DNA methylation. Conclusions: DNA methylation likely mediates the association between prenatal maternal stress and child mental health. This conclusion still needs to be tested in a larger number of integrative studies. Key empirical and statistical considerations for future research are discussed. Understanding the consequences of prenatal maternal stress and its pathways of influence will help prevention and intervention efforts and ultimately promote well-being for both mothers and children.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Pregnancy ; Child ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; DNA Methylation ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/genetics ; Mental Health ; Mothers/psychology ; Vitamins
Chemical Substances	Vitamins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	135449-8
ISSN	1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
ISSN (online)	1573-2517
ISSN	0165-0327
DOI	10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.008
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Zs.A 1485: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Gender and sex in eating disorders: A narrative review of the current state of knowledge, research gaps, and recommendations.

Breton, Édith / Juster, Robert-Paul / Booij, Linda

Brain and behavior

2023 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) e2871

Abstract: Introduction: Eating disorders (EDs) have long been considered conditions exclusively affecting women, and studies in the ED field regularly exclude men. Research efforts are needed to better understand the role of gender and sex in EDs. This review ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Eating disorders (EDs) have long been considered conditions exclusively affecting women, and studies in the ED field regularly exclude men. Research efforts are needed to better understand the role of gender and sex in EDs. This review describes the role of gender and sex in the development of EDs from a biopsychosocial perspective. Methods: The primary hypothesis of this narrative review is that gender and sex interact to influence ED risk. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed database. Results: This review first presents the general characteristics and prevalence of EDs according to gender and sex. Next, neurodevelopmental processes, neurobiology, gender roles, body image, and the minority stress model are addressed. Lastly, research perspectives to better include gender and sex in the field of EDs are discussed (e.g., representation of gender and sex diversities, development of appropriate assessment tools, and increasing awareness). Conclusion: Although substantial knowledge gaps remain, there is a growing recognition of the importance of integrating gender and sex in ED research that holds promise for further development in the field.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Evidence Gaps ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology ; Body Image/psychology ; Prevalence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2623587-0
ISSN	2162-3279 ; 2162-3279
ISSN (online)	2162-3279
ISSN	2162-3279
DOI	10.1002/brb3.2871
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Article ; Online: Overlooked Outcomes in Pediatric Obesity Management-Unintended Consequences.

Alberga, Angela S / Sacco, Sabrina / Booij, Linda

JAMA pediatrics

2023 Volume 177, Issue 10, Page(s) 997–998

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Obesity Management ; Pediatric Obesity/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701223-2
ISSN	2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
ISSN (online)	2168-6211
ISSN	2168-6203
DOI	10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2190
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Article ; Online: Early childhood care, support and research: how early screening and longitudinal studies can help children thrive.

Booij, Linda / Nicolosi, Melissa

Jornal de pediatria

2021 Volume 97, Issue 6, Page(s) 579–581

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mass Screening
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-18
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	731324-x
ISSN	1678-4782 ; 0021-7557
ISSN (online)	1678-4782
ISSN	0021-7557
DOI	10.1016/j.jped.2021.05.001
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Zs.B 1265: Show issues

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Article: The financial and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth with eating disorders, their families, clinicians and the mental health system: a mixed methods cost analysis.

Obeid, Nicole / Silva-Roy, Patricia / Booij, Linda / Coelho, Jennifer S / Dimitropoulos, Gina / Katzman, Debra K

Journal of eating disorders

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 43

Abstract: Background: The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on children, youth, and families with eating disorders (EDs). The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing personal and financial costs to youth, caregivers, and health ... ...

Abstract	Background: The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on children, youth, and families with eating disorders (EDs). The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing personal and financial costs to youth, caregivers, and health professionals accessing or delivering ED services. The objectives of this mixed methods study were to (1) understand the indirect, direct medical and non-medical costs reported by youth, caregivers, and clinicians; (2) understand how the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted these costs, and (3) explore implications of these costs with regards to barriers and resources to inform future decisions for the ED system of care. Methods: Youth (aged 16-25 years) with lived/living experience, primary caregivers, clinicians, and decision-makers were recruited with support from various partners across Canada to complete group specific surveys. A total of 117 participants responded to the survey. From those respondents, 21 individuals volunteered to further participate in either a discussion group or individual interview to provide additional insights on costs. Results: Youth and primary caregivers reported costs relating to private services, transportation and impacts of not attending school or work. Additionally, primary caregivers reported the top direct medical cost being special food or nutritional supplements (82.8%). In discussion groups, youth and caregivers elaborated further on the challenges with long waitlists and cancelled services, impact on siblings and effect on family dynamics. Clinicians and decision-makers reported increased work expectations (64.3%) and fear/isolation due to COVID-19 in the workplace (58.9%). Through discussion groups, clinicians expanded further on the toll these expectations took on their personal life. Approximately 1 in 3 health professionals reported contemplating leaving their position in 1-2 years, with greater than 60% of this group stating this is directly related to working during the pandemic. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate the need for increased support for youth and caregivers when accessing ED services both during crisis and non-crisis times. Additionally, attention must be given to acknowledging the experience of health professionals to support better retention and resource management as they continue to navigate challenges in the health care system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2699357-0
ISSN	2050-2974
ISSN	2050-2974
DOI	10.1186/s40337-024-00986-1
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Article ; Online: Computerized Cognitive Test Batteries for Children and Adolescents-A Scoping Review of Tools For Lab- and Web-Based Settings From 2000 to 2021.

Tuerk, Carola / Saha, Trisha / Bouchard, Maryse F / Booij, Linda

Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

2023 Volume 38, Issue 8, Page(s) 1683–1710

Abstract: Objective: Cognitive functioning is essential to well-being. Since cognitive difficulties are common in many disorders, their early identification is critical, notably during childhood and adolescence. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive ...

Abstract	Objective: Cognitive functioning is essential to well-being. Since cognitive difficulties are common in many disorders, their early identification is critical, notably during childhood and adolescence. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive literature overview of computerized cognitive test batteries (CCTB) that have been developed and used in children and adolescents over the past 22 years and to evaluate their psychometric properties. Method: Among 3192 records identified from three databases (PubMed, PsycNET, and Web of Science) between 2000 and 2021, 564 peer-reviewed articles conducted in children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years met inclusion criteria. Twenty main CCTBs were identified and further reviewed following PRISMA guidelines. Relevant study details (sample information, topic, location, setting, norms, and psychometrics) were extracted, as well as administration and instrument characteristics for the main CCTBs. Results: Findings suggest that CCTB use varies according to age, location, and topic, with eight tools accounting for 85% of studies, and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) being most frequently used. Few instruments were applied in web-based settings or include social cognition tasks. Only 13% of studies reported psychometric properties. Conclusions: Over the past two decades, a high number of computerized cognitive batteries have been developed. Among these, more validation studies are needed, particularly across diverse cultural contexts. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of CCTBs to aid both researchers and clinicians to conduct cognitive assessments in children in either a lab- or web-based setting.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Cognition Disorders/psychology ; Cognition ; Psychometrics ; Internet
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632972-x
ISSN	1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
ISSN (online)	1873-5843
ISSN	0887-6177
DOI	10.1093/arclin/acad039
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Article: Eating Disorders, Heredity and Environmental Activation: Getting Epigenetic Concepts into Practice.

Steiger, Howard / Booij, Linda

Journal of clinical medicine

2020 Volume 9, Issue 5

Abstract: Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to link environmental exposures to alterations in gene expression, and in so doing, to provide a physical substrate for the activation of hereditary potentials by life experiences. In keeping with this idea, ... ...

Abstract	Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to link environmental exposures to alterations in gene expression, and in so doing, to provide a physical substrate for the activation of hereditary potentials by life experiences. In keeping with this idea, accumulating data suggest that epigenetic processes are implicated in eating-disorder (ED) etiology. This paper reviews literature on putative links between epigenetic factors and EDs, and examines ways in which epigenetic programming of gene expression could account for gene-environment interactions acting in the EDs. The paper also presents evidence suggesting that epigenetic processes link malnutrition and life stresses (gestational, perinatal, childhood, and adult) to risk of ED development. Drawing from empirical evidence and clinical experience, we propose that an epigenetically informed understanding of ED etiology can benefit patients, caregivers, and clinicians alike, in the sense that the perspective can reduce judgmental or blameful attitudes on the part of clinicians and caregivers, and increase self-acceptance and optimism about recovery on the part of those affected.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm9051332
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Article ; Online: Applying epigenetic science to the understanding of eating disorders: a promising paradigm for research and practice.

Booij, Linda / Steiger, Howard

Current opinion in psychiatry

2020 Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 515–520

Abstract: Purpose of review: Studies indicate that environmental factors, acting at various moments throughout the life cycle, can result in epigenetically mediated alterations in gene expression. In this article, we review recent findings on the role of ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Studies indicate that environmental factors, acting at various moments throughout the life cycle, can result in epigenetically mediated alterations in gene expression. In this article, we review recent findings on the role of epigenetic factors in eating disorders, address methodological issues that need to be considered when interpreting research findings, and comment on possible clinical applications. Recent findings: Evidence suggests that eating disorders implicate alterations of methylation in genes involved in the mental status, metabolism, anthropometric features and immunity. Furthermore, some research in individuals with anorexia nervosa suggests the presence of reversible, malnutrition-induced epigenetic alterations that 'reset' as patients recover. Summary: Epigenetic studies in the eating disorders corroborate the idea that eating disorder cause is multifactorial, and identify markers that could help inform our understanding of illness staging and subtyping that may explain the commonly progressive course of these disorders, and that may provide insights towards the development of novel interventions. Already, there is evidence to suggest that, in people with eating disorders, epigenetically informed interventions help reduce stigma and shame, and increase self-acceptance and hopes of recovery. Although findings are intriguing, further research is required as, to date, studies apply modest sample sizes and disparate methodologies.
MeSH term(s)	Causality ; Epigenomics/methods ; Epigenomics/trends ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/genetics ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; Humans ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	645162-7
ISSN	1473-6578 ; 0951-7367
ISSN (online)	1473-6578
ISSN	0951-7367
DOI	10.1097/YCO.0000000000000632
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Article: An Intensive Ambulatory Care Program for Adolescents With Eating Disorders Combining In-Person and Web-Based Care: Protocol for a Single-Site Naturalistic Trial.

Novack, Kaylee / Dufour, Rachel / Picard, Louis / Booij, Linda / Chadi, Nicholas

JMIR research protocols

2022 Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) e37420

Abstract: Background: The incidence of eating disorders (EDs) among adolescents has significantly increased since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hybrid care, which combines web-based and in-person modalities, is a promising approach for adolescents with ... ...

Abstract	Background: The incidence of eating disorders (EDs) among adolescents has significantly increased since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hybrid care, which combines web-based and in-person modalities, is a promising approach for adolescents with EDs but remains understudied in this population. Objective: We aimed to implement a novel hybrid (web-based and in-person) intensive ambulatory care program for youth and evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness. Methods: We will use a naturalistic pretest-posttest design to evaluate our proposed pilot Intensive Ambulatory Care Program (IACP). This novel type of day hospital care follows evidence-based principles and uses a family-centered, educational, and motivational approach. It will be tailored to the psychological needs of each participant and will be delivered in a hybrid format. A total of 100 participants meeting the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) criteria for EDs, aged 12-18 years, will be recruited over the 2-year trial period. We will examine recruitment, retention, and adhesion-to-protocol rates; participant and family satisfaction; and preliminary effectiveness using quantitative self-report questionnaires. Results: Rolling recruitment will take place from winter 2022 to fall 2023, during which time we expect to recruit approximately 80% (100/120) of eligible participants, retain at least 75% (75/100) of enrolled participants and have at least 70% (70/100) of enrolled participants complete at least one therapeutic session per week and all pre- and postintervention questionnaires. Data collection will occur concurrently. We base our recruitment and retention estimates on previous literature and consider that the highly flexible design of the IACP and the fact that no extra work will be required of individuals in the program to participate in the study, will lead to high levels of feasibility. We anticipate that participants and their families will be satisfied with both the program and hybrid delivery format. We expect that participation in the IACP will be associated with a medium effect size reduction in ED psychopathology from baseline to end of treatment. The data analysis and manuscript writing are expected to be completed by the summer of 2024. Conclusions: Given the high clinical burden associated with EDs, this study has the potential to fill an important research gap by testing the implementation of a novel hybrid mode of intervention. If feasible, acceptable, and effective, the IACP could lead to important improvements in health care services for adolescents with EDs. International registered report identifier (irrid): PRR1-10.2196/37420.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-02
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2719222-2
ISSN	1929-0748
ISSN	1929-0748
DOI	10.2196/37420
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