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Article ; Online: Teamwork and Collaboration: Bright Spots of Governmental Public Health Employee Reflections on the COVID-19 Response.

Madsen, Emilie R / Schaffer, Kay / Hare Bork, Rachel / Yeager, Valerie A

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2024 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 377–383

Abstract: The public health emergency response following the outbreak of COVID-19 necessitated greater internal public health agency teamwork and external collaboration. Building on previous research, this article is the third of 3 research briefs that highlight " ... ...

Abstract	The public health emergency response following the outbreak of COVID-19 necessitated greater internal public health agency teamwork and external collaboration. Building on previous research, this article is the third of 3 research briefs that highlight "bright spots" or valuable experiences and opportunities from the COVID-19 response. Using PH WINS 2021 data, we qualitatively examined responses to a question about pandemic workforce experiences. Teamwork and collaboration were emphasized as a critical component of employees' experiences. Across 260 responses, 7 subthemes emerged, generally commemorating the ways that the response effort and employees were supported by teamwork and collaboration. Findings highlight the value of ongoing cross-division teamwork within agencies, the role of leaders in teamwork, and that lessons from teamwork/collaboration experiences can inform organizational system improvements. Maintaining and expanding on improved external collaboration and partnerships should be prioritized for preparing for future emergency events and serving public health communities on a daily basis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Workforce ; Disease Outbreaks ; Government Employees
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001882
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Article ; Online: On-the-Job Learning: Bright Spots of Governmental Public Health Employee Reflections on the COVID-19 Response.

Madsen, Emilie R / Schaffer, Kay / Hare Bork, Rachel / Yeager, Valerie A

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2024 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 372–376

Abstract: This article is one of 3 research briefs that highlight valuable experiences and opportunities that can be thought of as "bright spots" of the governmental public health workforce's pandemic response. Using PH WINS 2021 data, we qualitatively examined ... ...

Abstract	This article is one of 3 research briefs that highlight valuable experiences and opportunities that can be thought of as "bright spots" of the governmental public health workforce's pandemic response. Using PH WINS 2021 data, we qualitatively examined responses to an open-ended survey question about workforce experiences during the pandemic response. On-the-job learning was emphasized as a critical component of employees' experiences. Seven "on-the-job learning" subthemes were identified among 91 responses. Findings indicate that the pandemic facilitated opportunities for on-the-job learning for various skills and workplace activities. Public health employees were appreciative of the opportunity to gain new technical and practical skills including communicating with the public and to experience new roles and responsibilities. Respondents reported other related benefits including career growth and leadership opportunities. Highlighting these unexpected benefits of the COVID-19 pandemic is important for employee morale and continued workforce development planning.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Workforce ; Health Workforce
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001880
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Article ; Online: Leadership: Bright Spots of Governmental Public Health Employee Reflections on the COVID-19 Response.

Madsen, Emilie R / Schaffer, Kay / Hare Bork, Rachel / Yeager, Valerie A

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2024 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 367–371

Abstract: The protracted nature of the COVID-19 pandemic demanded extraordinary efforts and innovation from public health agencies and their leaders. This is the first of 3 research briefs that highlight valuable experiences and opportunities that can be thought ... ...

Abstract	The protracted nature of the COVID-19 pandemic demanded extraordinary efforts and innovation from public health agencies and their leaders. This is the first of 3 research briefs that highlight valuable experiences and opportunities that can be thought of as "bright spots" of the public health workforce's pandemic response. Using Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey 2021 data, we qualitatively examined responses to an open-ended question about pandemic workforce experiences. Leadership was emphasized as a critical component of employees' experiences during the response, and 7 "leadership" subthemes were identified among 157 responses. Findings illustrate the importance of leaders prioritizing safe and supportive environments for employees. Respondents also highlighted the importance of leaders fostering teamwork alongside employees and advocating for and demonstrating appreciation for employees. In addition, effective leadership communication was reported to be motivational and alleviate uncertainty during crisis situations. Focusing on these leadership skills and competencies may aid the workforce during future emergency response events.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health ; Leadership ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001881
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Article ; Online: PH WINS: Necessary, Actionable Public Health Workforce Data at a Pivotal Moment for the Field.

Hare Bork, Rachel / Castrucci, Brian C / Fraser, Michael R

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2022 Volume 29, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S1–S3

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Health Workforce ; Workforce ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001676
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Article ; Online: Estimating the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis via out-of-sample prediction errors.

Haslbeck, Jonas M B / van Bork, Riet

Psychological methods

2022 Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–64

Abstract: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is one of the most popular statistical models in psychological science. A key problem in EFA is to estimate the number of factors. In this article, we present a new method for estimating the number of factors based on ... ...

Abstract	Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is one of the most popular statistical models in psychological science. A key problem in EFA is to estimate the number of factors. In this article, we present a new method for estimating the number of factors based on minimizing the out-of-sample prediction error of candidate factor models. We show in an extensive simulation study that our method slightly outperforms existing methods, including parallel analysis, Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Akaike information criterion (AIC), root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA), and exploratory graph analysis. In addition, we show that, among the best performing methods, our method is the one that is most robust across different specifications of the true factor model. We provide an implementation of our method in the R-package
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bayes Theorem ; Models, Statistical ; Computer Simulation ; Factor Analysis, Statistical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2103345-6
ISSN	1939-1463 ; 1082-989X
ISSN (online)	1939-1463
ISSN	1082-989X
DOI	10.1037/met0000528
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A causal theory of error scores.

van Bork, Riet / Rhemtulla, Mijke / Sijtsma, Klaas / Borsboom, Denny

Psychological methods

2022

Abstract: In modern test theory, response variables are a function of a common latent variable that represents the measured attribute, and error variables that are unique to the response variables. While considerable thought goes into the interpretation of latent ... ...

Abstract	In modern test theory, response variables are a function of a common latent variable that represents the measured attribute, and error variables that are unique to the response variables. While considerable thought goes into the interpretation of latent variables in these models (e.g., validity research), the interpretation of error variables is typically left implicit (e.g., describing error variables as residuals). Yet, many psychometric assumptions are essentially assumptions about error and thus being able to reason about psychometric models requires the ability to reason about errors. We propose a causal theory of error as a framework that enables researchers to reason about errors in terms of the data-generating mechanism. In this framework, the error variable reflects myriad causes that are specific to an item and, together with the latent variable, determine the scores on that item. We distinguish two types of item-specific causes: characteristic variables that differ between people (e.g., familiarity with words used in the item), and circumstance variables that vary over occasions in which the item is administered (e.g., a distracting noise). We show that different assumptions about these unique causes (a) imply different psychometric models; (b) have different implications for the chance experiment that makes these models probabilistic models; and (c) have different consequences for item bias, local homogeneity, and reliability coefficient α and the test-retest correlation. The ability to reason about the causes that produce error variance puts researchers in a better position to motivate modeling choices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2103345-6
ISSN	1939-1463 ; 1082-989X
ISSN (online)	1939-1463
ISSN	1082-989X
DOI	10.1037/met0000521
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The State of the US Public Health Workforce: Ongoing Challenges and Future Directions.

Leider, Jonathon P / Yeager, Valerie A / Kirkland, Chelsey / Krasna, Heather / Hare Bork, Rachel / Resnick, Beth

Annual review of public health

2023 Volume 44, Page(s) 323–341

Abstract: Between the 2009 Great Recession and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the US state and local governmental public health workforce lost 40,000 jobs. Tens of thousands of workers also left during the pandemic and continue to leave. As governmental ... ...

Abstract	Between the 2009 Great Recession and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the US state and local governmental public health workforce lost 40,000 jobs. Tens of thousands of workers also left during the pandemic and continue to leave. As governmental health departments are now receiving multimillion-dollar, temporary federal investments to replenish their workforce, this review synthesizes the evidence regarding major challenges that preceded the pandemic and remain now. These include the lack of the field's ability to readily enumerate and define the governmental public health workforce as well as challenges with the recruitment and retention of public health workers. This review finds that many workforce-related challenges identified more than 20 years ago persist in the field today. Thus, it is critical that we look back to be able to then move forward to successfully rebuild the workforce and assure adequate capacity to protect the public's health and respond to public health emergencies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health ; Health Workforce ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Workforce
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	760917-6
ISSN	1545-2093 ; 0163-7525
ISSN (online)	1545-2093
ISSN	0163-7525
DOI	10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071421-032830
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.B 2412: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Workplace Perceptions and Experiences Related to COVID-19 Response Efforts Among Public Health Workers - Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey, United States, September 2021-January 2022.

Hare Bork, Rachel / Robins, Moriah / Schaffer, Kay / Leider, Jonathon P / Castrucci, Brian C

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2022 Volume 71, Issue 29, Page(s) 920–924

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has strained many essential frontline professionals, including public health workers*; however, few studies have evaluated the specific challenges facing public health workers during this period. Data from the 2021 Public Health ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has strained many essential frontline professionals, including public health workers*; however, few studies have evaluated the specific challenges facing public health workers during this period. Data from the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS), a nationally representative survey of individual state and local governmental public health agency workers, provide insight into public health workers' demographic characteristics and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, tenure, and intention to leave their organization
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Health Workforce ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Pandemics ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States/epidemiology ; Workforce ; Workplace
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm7129a3
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Article ; Online: PH WINS 2021 Methodology Report.

Robins, Moriah / Leider, Jonathon P / Schaffer, Kay / Gambatese, Melissa / Allen, Elizabeth / Hare Bork, Rachel

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2022 Volume 29, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S35–S44

Abstract: Context: The Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) was fielded in 2014 and 2017 and is the largest survey of the governmental public health workforce. It captures individual employees' perspectives on key issues such as workplace ... ...

Abstract	Context: The Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) was fielded in 2014 and 2017 and is the largest survey of the governmental public health workforce. It captures individual employees' perspectives on key issues such as workplace engagement and satisfaction, intention to leave, training needs, ability to address public health issues, as well as collects demographic information. This article describes the methods used for the 2021 PH WINS fielding. Ph wins: PH WINS 2021 was fielded to a nationally representative sample of staff in State Health Agency-Central Offices (SHA-COs) and local health departments (LHDs) from September 13, 2021, to January 14, 2022. The instrument was revised to assess the pandemic's potential toll on the workforce, including deployment to COVID-19 response roles and well-being, and the country's renewed focus on health equity and "Racism as a Public Health Crisis." PH WINS 2021 had 3 sampling frames: SHAs, Big Cities Health Coalition (BCHC) members, and LHDs. All participating agencies were surveyed using a census approach. Participation: Overall, staff lists for 47 SHAs, 29 BCHC members, and 259 LHDs were collected, and the survey was sent to 137 446 individuals. PH WINS received a total of 44 732 responses, 35% of eligible respondents. The nationally representative SHA-CO frame includes a total of 14 957 individuals, and the nationally representative LHD frame includes 26 933 individuals from 439 LHDs (decentralized and nondecentralized). Considerations for analysis: PH WINS now offers a multiyear, nationally representative sample of both SHA-CO and LHD staff. Both practice and academia can use PH WINS to better understand the strengths, needs, and opportunities of the workforce. When using PH WINS for additional data analysis, there are a number of considerations both within the 2021 data set and when conducting multiyear and multiple cross-sectional analyses.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Public Health/methods ; Job Satisfaction ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Workforce ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001632
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Book: Einführung in das Insolvenzrecht

Bork, Reinhard

(JZ-Schriftenreihe ; 5)

2014

Title variant	Insolvenzrecht
Author's details	von Reinhard Bork
Series title	JZ-Schriftenreihe ; 5
Keywords	Insolvenzrecht ; Deutschland
Language	German
Size	XXI, 303 S.
Edition	7., überarb. Aufl.
Publisher	Mohr Siebeck
Publishing place	Tübingen
Document type	Book
ISBN	3161531531 ; 9783161531538
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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