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Article ; Online: Spontaneous vascular flora of the historical monumental cemetery of Modena (N-Italy)

Buldrini, Fabrizio / Gianaroli, Ilaria / Bosi, Giovanna / Alessandrini, Alessandro / Santini, Claudio

Italian Botanist. 2023 June 12, v. 15 p.111-136

2023

Abstract: AbstractThe first floristic study of the historical monumental cemetery of San Cataldo in Modena (N-Italy) is presented. The research was performed in the period 2019–2022, considering only spontaneous individuals growing within the historical area (4.8 ...

Abstract	AbstractThe first floristic study of the historical monumental cemetery of San Cataldo in Modena (N-Italy) is presented. The research was performed in the period 2019–2022, considering only spontaneous individuals growing within the historical area (4.8 ha). A total of 266 taxa (species and subspecies) was found, of which 1 new for the flora of Italy (Malus × robusta ‘John Downie’), 2 new for the administrative region of Emilia-Romagna (Calocedrus decurrens and Salvia haematodes) and 1 new for the province of Modena (Epilobium ciliatum). Therophytes prevail (37.6%), followed by hemicryptophytes (31.6%), phanerophytes (16.2%) and geophytes (11.7%). The chorological spectrum is dominated by Eurasian species (32.0%), followed by Mediterranean (26.3%), Cosmopolitan (24.8%), Boreal (6%) and N-American (4.5%) ones. Allochthonous species are 16.5% of the list, with neophytes always prevailing over archaeophytes (28 vs. 9 species). Invasive species are 67.8% of the neophytes; on a regional scale they are 1.5% of the list. Protected species are 2.6% of the total; 3 of them are internationally protected and 2 are included in the red list of Italian flora. This study confirms the great biological richness of urban environments and the potential of historical cemeteries as a refugium for the conservation of species that have become rare, endangered or infrequent at a regional or national level, because of the heavy human impact on the territory.
Keywords	Calocedrus decurrens ; Epilobium ciliatum ; Malus ; Salvia pratensis ; anthropogenic activities ; botanists ; flora ; geophytes ; hemicryptophytes ; invasive species ; phanerophytes ; protected species ; Italy ; Allochthonous species ; historical cemetery ; plant biodiversity ; ruderal species ; urban ecosystem
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0612
Size	p. 111-136.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2531-4033
DOI	10.3897/italianbotanist.15.102589
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Pedoanthracology sheds light the ancientness of the pastoral highlands of three mediterranean mountain: Sierra de Gredos (Spain), southeast Massif Central (France), and northern Apennines (Italy)

Bal, Marie-Claude / Benatti, Alessandra / Bosi, Giovanna / Florenzano, Assunta / Garcia-Álvarez, Salvia / Mercuri, Anna Maria / Rubiales, Juan Manuel

Catena. 2023 Apr., v. 223 p.106941-

2023

Abstract: The Mediterranean mountain zone is probably one of the parts of the world with the longest documented history of interactions between vegetation, climate, and human activities. The twofold objective of the present study was to examine and compare changes ...

Abstract	The Mediterranean mountain zone is probably one of the parts of the world with the longest documented history of interactions between vegetation, climate, and human activities. The twofold objective of the present study was to examine and compare changes in three silvopastoral mountain areas, and to identify the natural and human processes that have shaped today's mountain landscapes. Although there were differences in vegetation and history between the three areas, there were also similarities in agropastoral practices, including livestock pressure and the use of fire. These similarities were supported by strong evidence based on soil charcoal and complemented by multiple other proxies (i.e., pollen analysis, archeology, historical documentation, and climatic data). The processes that led to the current physiognomy of the landscapes took place over the previous millennium, with a degree of synchrony over the past 500–800 years. The long co-evolution of humanity and landscape led us to reflect on the legacy of previous human practices and climatic changes, in terms of the composition of modern forests and the sensitivity of certain arboreal taxa (Pinus gr. sylvestris, Abies alba and Taxus baccata) that declined or disappeared during the late Holocene when the rates of vegetation change accelerated markedly. In summary, the comparative study of the history of the three highland landscapes attests to the interaction between long-term human impact (mainly pastoral societies, including livestock pressure and use of fire) and protracted climatic episodes that led to common changes in the study areas.
Keywords	Abies alba ; Holocene epoch ; Pinus ; Taxus baccata ; anthropogenic activities ; archaeology ; catenas ; charcoal ; climate ; coevolution ; comparative study ; humans ; landscapes ; livestock ; pastoralism ; pollen analysis ; soil ; vegetation ; France ; Italy ; Spain ; Landscape evolution ; Pastoral highlands ; Fire practices ; Multiproxy approach ; Rare tree species ; Mediterranean mountains
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	519608-5
ISSN	1872-6887 ; 0008-7769 ; 0341-8162
ISSN (online)	1872-6887 ; 0008-7769
ISSN	0341-8162
DOI	10.1016/j.catena.2023.106941
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Brassica and Sinapis Seeds in Medieval Archaeological Sites: An Example of Multiproxy Analysis for Their Identification and Ethnobotanical Interpretation

Bosi, Giovanna / De Felice, Simona / Wilkinson, Michael J. / Allainguillaume, Joël / Arru, Laura / Nascimbene, Juri / Buldrini, Fabrizio

Plants. 2022 Aug. 12, v. 11, no. 16

2022

Abstract: The genus Brassica includes some of the most important vegetable and oil crops worldwide. Many Brassica seeds (which can show diagnostic characters useful for species identification) were recovered from two archaeological sites in northern Italy, dated ... ...

Abstract	The genus Brassica includes some of the most important vegetable and oil crops worldwide. Many Brassica seeds (which can show diagnostic characters useful for species identification) were recovered from two archaeological sites in northern Italy, dated from between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. We tested the combined use of archaeobotanical keys, ancient DNA barcoding, and references to ancient herbarium specimens to address the issue of diagnostic uncertainty. An unequivocal conventional diagnosis was possible for much of the material recovered, with the samples dominated by five Brassica species and Sinapis. The analysis using ancient DNA was restricted to the seeds with a Brassica-type structure and deployed a variant of multiplexed tandem PCR. The quality of diagnosis strongly depended on the molecular locus used. Nevertheless, many seeds were diagnosed down to species level, in concordance with their morphological identification, using one primer set from the core barcode site (matK). The number of specimens found in the Renaissance herbaria was not high; Brassica nigra, which is of great ethnobotanical importance, was the most common taxon. Thus, the combined use of independent means of species identification is particularly important when studying the early use of closely related crops, such as Brassicaceae.
Keywords	Brassica nigra ; DNA ; DNA barcoding ; Sinapis ; archaeobotany ; herbaria ; loci ; oils ; oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; species identification ; uncertainty ; vegetables ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0812
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11162100
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Archaeobotanical evidence of food plants in Northern Italy during the Roman period

Bosi, Giovanna / Castiglioni, Elisabetta / Rinaldi, Rossella / Mazzanti, Marta / Marchesini, Marco / Rottoli, Mauro

Vegetation history and archaeobotany. 2020 Nov., v. 29, no. 6

2020

Abstract: This paper is a review of the seeds/fruits obtained from about one hundred Roman period archaeological sites (ca. 3rd century BC to 6th century AD) located in Northern Italy. The types of deposit involved are various, and come from residential, ... ...

Abstract	This paper is a review of the seeds/fruits obtained from about one hundred Roman period archaeological sites (ca. 3rd century BC to 6th century AD) located in Northern Italy. The types of deposit involved are various, and come from residential, productive and other structures (A sites), and cemeteries and cult areas (B sites). The aim of this study is to highlight the seeds/fruits of food plants that have been found in the Roman archaeological sites in this area. Only cultivated and wild plants that, according to Latin literary sources, were used for food are considered. The result is a list of about one hundred plant taxa. There are four principal categories: cereals, pulses, fruit s.l. and vegetables/spices. Moreover, finds of “bread” were recorded in several sites. The subdivision of most detailed data into four chronological phases (“Romanization”/Republican Age, Imperial Age, Late Roman, Late Antiquity) shows clearly the evolution of plant food consumption that attained maximum complexity during early Imperial times and progressively changed and fragmented in subsequent periods.
Keywords	age ; archaeobotany ; area ; breads ; evolution ; exhibitions ; food consumption ; food plants ; fruits ; grains ; history ; paper ; seeds ; spices ; vegetables ; vegetation ; wild plants ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Size	p. 681-697.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	1481434-1
ISSN	1617-6278 ; 0939-6314
ISSN (online)	1617-6278
ISSN	0939-6314
DOI	10.1007/s00334-020-00772-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Discovering Plum, Watermelon and Grape Cultivars Founded in a Middle Age Site of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy) through a Computer Image Analysis Approach.

Sarigu, Marco / Sabato, Diego / Ucchesu, Mariano / Loi, Maria Cecilia / Bosi, Giovanna / Grillo, Oscar / Torres, Salvador Barros / Bacchetta, Gianluigi

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract: The discovery of several waterlogged plant remains in a Middle Ages context (1330-1360 AD) in Sassari (NS, Sardinia, Italy) enabled the characterisation of archaeological plum fruit stones and watermelon and grape seeds through computer image analysis. ... ...

Abstract	The discovery of several waterlogged plant remains in a Middle Ages context (1330-1360 AD) in Sassari (NS, Sardinia, Italy) enabled the characterisation of archaeological plum fruit stones and watermelon and grape seeds through computer image analysis. Digital seed/endocarp images were acquired by a flatbed scanner and processed and analysed by applying computerised image analysis techniques. The morphometric data were statistically elaborated using stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA), allowing comparisons among archaeological remains, wild populations and autochthonous cultivars. Archaeological samples of plum were compared with 21 autochthonous cultivars of
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11081089
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Brassica

Bosi, Giovanna / De Felice, Simona / Wilkinson, Michael J / Allainguillaume, Joël / Arru, Laura / Nascimbene, Juri / Buldrini, Fabrizio

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 16

Abstract: ... The ... ...

Abstract	The genus
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704341-1
ISSN	2223-7747
ISSN	2223-7747
DOI	10.3390/plants11162100
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Plant landscape reconstruction above the current timberline at the Monte Cimone and Corno alle Scale mountain areas (Northern Apennines, Italy) during the Late Holocene: The evidence from soil charcoal

Benatti, Alessandra / Allée, Philippe / Bal, Marie / Bosi, Giovanna / Mercuri, Anna Maria

Holocene. 2019 Nov., v. 29, no. 11

2019

Abstract: This paper presents the first pedoanthracological study carried out on two mountains of the Northern Apennines, Monte Cimone, and Corno alle Scale, where the results provided new palaeoenvironmental data. The pedoantracological sampling followed an ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents the first pedoanthracological study carried out on two mountains of the Northern Apennines, Monte Cimone, and Corno alle Scale, where the results provided new palaeoenvironmental data. The pedoantracological sampling followed an elevation gradient from the current timberline to the highest possible elevation, also adapted to the geomorphological characteristics of the study areas. Based on radiocarbon datings (16 at Monte Cimone and 9 at Corno alle Scale), the soil charcoal fragments provided data about the vegetation dynamics and plant landscape reconstruction, primarily indicating the Late Holocene. The landscape over the last 3000 years appears very similar to the current one with very small altitudinal variations of the timberline and treeline. The present study shows a lack of radiocarbon dates for the Middle Holocene and two hypotheses are discussed to explain this finding. Data suggest that past fires were locally linked to periods of climate optimum and possibly with the management of natural resources (especially animal grazing) by human societies. Some questions concerning the absence of Abies alba, today only present as plantation and normally associated with Fagus sylvatica at these latitudes, are discussed.
Keywords	Abies alba ; altitude ; charcoal ; climate ; Fagus sylvatica ; fires ; grazing ; Holocene epoch ; humans ; landscapes ; latitude ; mountains ; paleoecology ; radiocarbon dating ; soil ; treeline ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-11
Size	p. 1767-1781.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2027956-5
ISSN	1477-0911 ; 0959-6836
ISSN (online)	1477-0911
ISSN	0959-6836
DOI	10.1177/0959683619862033
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: On the Trail of Date-Plum (Diospyros lotus L.) in Italy and Its First Archaeobotanical Evidence

Bosi, Giovanna / Fabrizio Buldrini / Marta Bandini Mazzanti / Michael Herchenbach / Rossella Rinaldi

Economic botany. 2017 June, v. 71, no. 2

2017

Abstract: Diospyros lotus L. is an arboreal species native to the Balkans and Caucasus and ranging to the Far East. In Italy, it has been cultivated for centuries and has reverted to the wild state in some regions. During archaeological excavations carried out in ... ...

Abstract	Diospyros lotus L. is an arboreal species native to the Balkans and Caucasus and ranging to the Far East. In Italy, it has been cultivated for centuries and has reverted to the wild state in some regions. During archaeological excavations carried out in the historical center of Modena (northern Italy), two floral calyxes of D. lotus were discovered in a layer dating from the first century CE. These are the first and only remains of D. lotus found in an archaeological context in Italy thus far. The first historical mention of this species as an arboreal plant in Italy occurs in the 1565 edition of Dioscoridesâ Commentarii de Medica materia by Pietro Andrea Mattioli. Our research allowed us to establish that the first three Italian herbaria containing samples of D. lotus, dating to the 1551â1570 period, are the Erbario B of the Biblioteca Angelica of Rome, the Erbario Aldrovandi (Bologna) and the Erbario Cesalpino (Florence). However, archaeobotanical remains reveal that the fruits of this species were known during the Roman period, probably arriving in northern Italy as a luxury food owing to their exceptional flavor.
Keywords	archaeobotany ; Diospyros lotus ; flavor ; fruits ; herbaria ; indigenous species ; Balkans ; Caucasus region ; East Asia ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-06
Size	p. 133-146.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	419272-2
ISSN	1874-9364 ; 0013-0001
ISSN (online)	1874-9364
ISSN	0013-0001
DOI	10.1007/s12231-017-9377-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Wine consumption in Bronze Age Italy: combining organic residue analysis, botanical data and ceramic variability

Pecci, Alessandra / Borgna, Elisabetta / Mileto, Simona / Dalla Longa, Elisa / Bosi, Giovanna / Florenzano, Assunta / Mercuri, Anna Maria / Corazza, Susi / Marchesini, Marco / Vidale, Massimo

Journal of archaeological science. 2020 Nov., v. 123

2020

Abstract: The early consumption of wine or other grape derivatives (such as vinegar or must) is suggested from organic residues analysis conducted on Bronze Age pottery recovered from two sites in north-eastern Italy, Pilastri di Bondeno (Ferrara) and Canale ... ...

Abstract	The early consumption of wine or other grape derivatives (such as vinegar or must) is suggested from organic residues analysis conducted on Bronze Age pottery recovered from two sites in north-eastern Italy, Pilastri di Bondeno (Ferrara) and Canale Anfora (Aquileia, Udine). Pilastri is part of the Terramare culture of the Po plain, from which the archaeobotanical context has suggested that Vitis vinifera L. was known and used during the Middle Bronze Age. At Canale Anfora Vitis, macro-remains were found in earlier levels of the local stratigraphy. Organic residue analysis conducted by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry allowed the identification of tartaric acid in twenty samples out of thirty-one recovered from different ceramic vessels (e.g., drinking cups, coarse ware pots, presumed storage vessels) found at the two archaeological sites and dated to the 15th-14th centuries BC. Based on integrated studies, we suggest that grape juice derivatives (including wine or vinegar) were likely consumed at the sites. This is the earliest direct evidence of grape derivatives consumption in this area. Combined with the botanical evidence, these findings contribute to our understanding of the emergence of wine consumption in the western Mediterranean.
Keywords	Vitis vinifera ; archaeobotany ; ceramics ; gas chromatography ; grape juice ; grapes ; mass spectrometry ; stratigraphy ; tartaric acid ; vinegars ; wines ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1468969-8
ISSN	0305-4403
ISSN	0305-4403
DOI	10.1016/j.jas.2020.105256
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The life of a Roman colony in Northern Italy: Ethnobotanical information from archaeobotanical analysis

Bosi, Giovanna / Maria Chiara Montecchi / Marta Bandini Mazzanti / Paola Torri / Rossella Rinaldi

Quaternary international. 2017 Dec. 01, v. 460

2017

Abstract: Archaeobotanical analyses (mainly on seeds and fruits – over 1000 l of sieved material with unpublished data) from three urban sites (2nd cent. BC – 2nd cent. AD) provided interesting ethnobotanical information about a Roman colony, Mutina (Emilia- ... ...

Abstract	Archaeobotanical analyses (mainly on seeds and fruits – over 1000 l of sieved material with unpublished data) from three urban sites (2nd cent. BC – 2nd cent. AD) provided interesting ethnobotanical information about a Roman colony, Mutina (Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy), founded in 183 BC.In this paper, comparisons are made between productive areas, landfills and one site that shows the evolution of a rich domus. The information obtained concerns the environment in which the town was born and developed, but especially plant-man relationships (food, crafts, green décor etc.) in a thriving Roman colony in Northern Italy.A good example is provided by analyses carried out in a tank, where the recovery of some archaeozoological finds indicates that it was used for fish farming; this hypothesis is supported by some particular vegetal findings.
Keywords	archaeobotany ; fruits ; handicrafts ; landfills ; seeds ; urban areas ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-1201
Size	p. 135-156.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	1040-6182
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2016.08.008
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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