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  1. Article ; Online: A virtual assessment of the proposed suprainiac fossa on the early modern European calvaria from Cioclovina, Romania.

    Bosman, Abel Marinus / Harvati, Katerina

    American journal of physical anthropology

    2019  Volume 169, Issue 3, Page(s) 567–574

    Abstract: Objectives: The calvaria from Cioclovina (Romania) has been argued to possess some traits commonly ascribed to individuals belonging to the Neanderthal lineage, including a suprainiac fossa. However, its supranuchal morphology has only been evaluated ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The calvaria from Cioclovina (Romania) has been argued to possess some traits commonly ascribed to individuals belonging to the Neanderthal lineage, including a suprainiac fossa. However, its supranuchal morphology has only been evaluated with a qualitative analysis of the ectocranial surface. We evaluate whether the morphology of the supranuchal area of this specimen is homologous to the Neanderthal condition.
    Materials and methods: We described in detail the external morphology, and, using computed tomography, investigated the internal morphology of the Cioclovina supranuchal area. We took measurements of the internal structures and calculated their relative contributions to total cranial vault thickness, which were compared to published data and evaluated with a principal component analysis (PCA).
    Results: The Cioclovina supranuchal region is characterized by superficial resorption present on the outer layer of the external table. Neither the diploic layer nor the external table decrease in relative thickness in the area above inion. In the PCA, Cioclovina falls within the convex hulls of recent modern Homo sapiens.
    Discussion: Our results show that the morphology of the Cioclovina supranuchal region does not correspond to the external and internal morphology of the typical Neanderthal suprainiac fossa. It cannot be characterized as a depression but rather as an area presenting superficial bone turnover. Together with earlier results, there is little phenotypic evidence that Cioclovina has high levels of Neanderthal ancestry. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of this quantitative method in assessing proposed Neanderthal-like suprainiac depressions in Upper Paleolithic and other fossil specimens.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthropology, Physical ; Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Neanderthals/anatomy & histology ; Occipital Bone/anatomy & histology ; Occipital Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Romania ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 219376-0
    ISSN 1096-8644 ; 0002-9483
    ISSN (online) 1096-8644
    ISSN 0002-9483
    DOI 10.1002/ajpa.23844
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A virtual assessment of the suprainiac depressions on the Eyasi I (Tanzania) and Aduma ADU-VP-1/3 (Ethiopia) Pleistocene hominin crania.

    Bosman, Abel Marinus / Reyes-Centeno, Hugo / Harvati, Katerina

    Journal of human evolution

    2020  Volume 145, Page(s) 102815

    Abstract: Despite a steady increase in our understanding of the phenotypic variation of Pleistocene Homo, debate continues over phylogenetically informative features. One such trait is the suprainiac fossa, a depression on the occipital bone above inion that is ... ...

    Abstract Despite a steady increase in our understanding of the phenotypic variation of Pleistocene Homo, debate continues over phylogenetically informative features. One such trait is the suprainiac fossa, a depression on the occipital bone above inion that is commonly considered an autapomorphy of the Neanderthal lineage. Challenging this convention, depressions in the suprainiac region have also been described for two Pleistocene hominin crania from sub-Saharan Africa: Eyasi I (Tanzania) and ADU-VP-1/3 (Ethiopia). Here, we use a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, using μCT imaging, to investigate the occipital depressions on these specimens. The results show that neither the external nor the internal morphologies of these depressions bear any resemblance to the Neanderthal condition. A principal component analysis based on multiple thickness measurements along the occipital squama demonstrates that the relative thickness values for the internal structures in Eyasi I and ADU-VP-1/3 are within the range of Homo sapiens. Thus, our results support the autapomorphic status of the Neanderthal suprainiac fossa and highlight the need to use nuanced approaches and multiple lines of evidence.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthropology, Physical ; Biological Evolution ; Ethiopia ; Fossils/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Neanderthals/anatomy & histology ; Occipital Bone/anatomy & histology ; Principal Component Analysis ; Tanzania ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120141-4
    ISSN 1095-8606 ; 0047-2484
    ISSN (online) 1095-8606
    ISSN 0047-2484
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102815
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  3. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Application of virtual anthropological techniques in the reconstruction and analysis of late Middle and Late Pleistocene hominin crania

    Bosman, Abel Marinus [Verfasser] / Chemere, Yonatan Sahle [Akademischer Betreuer]

    2021  

    Author's details Abel Marinus Bosman ; Betreuer: Yonatan Sahle Chemere
    Keywords Naturwissenschaften ; Science
    Subject code sg500
    Language English
    Publisher Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen
    Publishing place Tübingen
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
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  4. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Application of virtual anthropological techniques in the reconstruction and analysis of late Middle and Late Pleistocene hominin crania

    Bosman, Abel Marinus [Verfasser] / Chemere, Yonatan Sahle [Akademischer Betreuer]

    2021  

    Author's details Abel Marinus Bosman ; Betreuer: Yonatan Sahle Chemere
    Keywords Naturwissenschaften ; Science
    Subject code sg500
    Language English
    Publisher Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen
    Publishing place Tübingen
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  5. Article ; Online: The vocal tract as a time machine: inferences about past speech and language from the anatomy of the speech organs.

    Dediu, Dan / Moisik, Scott R / Baetsen, W A / Bosman, Abel Marinus / Waters-Rist, Andrea L

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2021  Volume 376, Issue 1824, Page(s) 20200192

    Abstract: While speech and language do not fossilize, they still leave traces that can be extracted and interpreted. Here, we suggest that the shape of the hard structures of the vocal tract may also allow inferences about the speech of long-gone humans. These ... ...

    Abstract While speech and language do not fossilize, they still leave traces that can be extracted and interpreted. Here, we suggest that the shape of the hard structures of the vocal tract may also allow inferences about the speech of long-gone humans. These build on recent experimental and modelling studies, showing that there is extensive variation between individuals in the precise shape of the vocal tract, and that this variation affects speech and language. In particular, we show that detailed anatomical information concerning two components of the vocal tract (the lower jaw and the hard palate) can be extracted and digitized from the osteological remains of three historical populations from The Netherlands, and can be used to conduct three-dimensional biomechanical simulations of vowel production. We could recover the signatures of inter-individual variation between these vowels, in acoustics and articulation. While 'proof-of-concept', this study suggests that older and less well-preserved remains could be used to draw inferences about historic and prehistoric languages. Moreover, it forces us to clarify the meaning and use of the uniformitarian principle in linguistics, and to consider the wider context of language use, including the anatomy, physiology and cognition of the speakers. This article is part of the theme issue 'Reconstructing prehistoric languages'.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cultural Evolution ; Female ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Netherlands ; Speech/physiology ; Speech Production Measurement ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2020.0192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Einzelsignatur: Show issues

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