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Article ; Online: Radiography students achieving competencies through structured interprofessional education.

Botha, R / Sebelego, I-K

Radiography (London, England : 1995)

2021 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 115–123

Abstract: Introduction: Interprofessional education (IPE) takes place when representatives of at least two professions work and learn together, about and from each other to provide optimal healthcare. For the successful implementation of an IPE programme, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Interprofessional education (IPE) takes place when representatives of at least two professions work and learn together, about and from each other to provide optimal healthcare. For the successful implementation of an IPE programme, conceptualisation, planning, and operationalisation and coordination among the various professions is crucial, to assist students to obtain the desired competencies of such a programme. The purpose is to investigate if a structured IPE programme assisted radiography students to achieve competencies. Methods: An online questionnaire was compiled from literature and completed by radiography students who participated in a structured, three-week-long IPE programme. The questionnaire was mainly quantitative (using a Likert scale), though it also consisted of qualitative elements (open-ended questions). A Fischer's Exact test was used to compare the responses of three different year groups. Results: Feedback from the radiography students (n=63) indicated that they achieved this IPE programme's specific competencies: role clarification, interprofessional communication, teamwork, person-centered care and values and ethics. There was good correlation between the feedback from all three year groups. The feedback on the open-ended questions correlated with the quantitative feedback, though some students felt excluded, as there was little reference to their particular profession in the simulation session of the IPE programme. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that radiography students achieved the prescribed competencies of a structured IPE programme. The results provide insight into ways to improve the IPE programme. A recommendation emanating from the results of this study is that, to improve the experience of all healthcare professions students, structured IPE programmes have to promote inclusive teaching and learning. Implications for practice: Radiography students that participate in a structured IPE programme develop competencies necessary for effective collaborative clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Interprofessional Education ; Interprofessional Relations ; Radiography ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1289102-2
ISSN	1532-2831 ; 1078-8174
ISSN (online)	1532-2831
ISSN	1078-8174
DOI	10.1016/j.radi.2021.08.010
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Article ; Online: An Institutional Research Data Repository and Digital Object Identifiers for SARAO Radio Astronomy, Fundamental Astronomy, and Geodesy Datasets

Coetzer, G. / Botha, R. / Schollar, C. / Elger, K.

Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society

2022

Abstract: In recent years, researchers, librarians, publishers and funding bodies have come to realise the importance and potential of using Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for data in support of Wilkinson’s FAIR principles of data. The DOI system was originally ...

Abstract	In recent years, researchers, librarians, publishers and funding bodies have come to realise the importance and potential of using Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for data in support of Wilkinson’s FAIR principles of data. The DOI system was originally developed to provide persistent linking for citable and traceable referencing to static datasets in scholarly literature. Nowadays, DOIs and other persistent identifiers can also be assigned to dynamic datasets and data products to recognise, acknowledge and reward the originators of the data. Metrics available for data citation allow data providers to demonstrate, justify, motivate and account for the value of the data they have collected. The South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) has become interested in using dataset DOIs as a tool to accelerate its data visibility, discovery, usability, usage reporting and acknowledgement. A pilot project for the attribution of DOIs to SARAO’s datasets in radio astronomy, fundamental astronomy and geodesy is currently underway. Objectives of this project are to develop user-friendly systems towards data discovery and visibility. This will ensure usability and acknowledgement via the DOI-linked citation, whilst also providing SARAO with a usage reporting tool. In addition, methods of linking our publications with our datasets are being devised. We present progress made with the pilot project. We also wish to create awareness of the advancement of open data and open science platforms in radio astronomy, fundamental astronomy and geodesy, both locally and internationally, by making use of DOIs as persistent identifiers.
Subject code	020
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Lessons from innovation in medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: student perspectives on distributed training.

Botha, Ruhann / Breedt, Danyca S / Barnard, Dylan / Couper, Ian

Rural and remote health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 8257

Abstract: Introduction: Can the forced adaptation brought about by COVID-19 inform the future of clinical education? This study brings a low- and middle-income country perspective to this question. Most studies of the impact of COVID-19 on medical students' ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Can the forced adaptation brought about by COVID-19 inform the future of clinical education? This study brings a low- and middle-income country perspective to this question. Most studies of the impact of COVID-19 on medical students' training have been conducted in high-income countries, where the infrastructure to convert to alternative virtual or COVID-19-friendly training platforms (online teaching or case discussions and skill development centres) is more established than in low- and middle-income countries. In South Africa, Stellenbosch University instead chose to move substantial components of clinical training away from the traditional city tertiary campus and into smaller district hospitals. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the perspectives of these student interns regarding the quality of their restructured training at distributed health facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare the perspectives of rural-site students with those of metropolitan (metro)-site students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by REDCap survey. Quantitative data were analysed by SPSS Statistics by doing descriptive and inferential statistics. The statistical significance of associations was determined by a p-value of <0.05. Likert-scale questions were analysed as ordinal variables to determine distribution of the responses, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare distributions between rural and metro groups. Qualitative questions were analysed thematically by identifying common themes. Ethical approval was obtained for the study. Results: There were 155 respondents (62% response rate). Although 74.6% of participants indicated that they developed approaches to undifferentiated problems and illnesses, rural-site students were more likely to perceive that they learnt new procedures (p=0.006) and improved their ability to perform procedures previously learnt (p=0.002) compared to metro-site students. Rural-site students reported that they saw more patients independently than during previous training (p<0.001) and felt that they took more responsibility for patient management (p<0.001) than metro-site students. Students at rural sites were more likely to agree that training during the pandemic provided good learning opportunities (p<0.001) and that medical students form a necessary part of the pandemic response. Overall, students at both distributed sites felt that their training gave them more confidence for their future internship than previous training at central teaching hospitals (median=2 (agree)). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic provided challenges for the continuation of quality medical training. It also provided the opportunity for innovative changes. This study demonstrates the successful outcomes, even during the pandemic, of distributed-site training, where students are immersed in the healthcare team, take responsibility of patient management and report that they improve their skills. Students at rural sites tended to report a more positive perspective on their clinical training. Rather than seeing the end of the pandemic as a time to revert to the previous status quo, the students in this study suggest to us that the lessons learnt from this forced innovation in distributed learning can now inform a better approach to clinical education for the future.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education, Medical ; Students, Medical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-31
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2105620-1
ISSN	1445-6354 ; 1445-6354
ISSN (online)	1445-6354
ISSN	1445-6354
DOI	10.22605/RRH8257
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Article ; Online: A unique melanocortin-4-receptor signaling profile for obesity-associated constitutively active variants.

Botha, Rikus / Kumar, Shree S / Grimsey, Natasha L / Mountjoy, Kathleen G

Journal of molecular endocrinology

2023 Volume 71, Issue 1

Abstract: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) plays a critical role in regulating energy homeostasis. Studies on obesogenic human MC4R (hMC4R) variants have not yet revealed how hMC4R maintains body weight. Here, we identified a signaling profile for obesogenic ... ...

Abstract	The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) plays a critical role in regulating energy homeostasis. Studies on obesogenic human MC4R (hMC4R) variants have not yet revealed how hMC4R maintains body weight. Here, we identified a signaling profile for obesogenic constitutively active H76R and L250Q hMC4R variants transfected in HEK293 cells that included constitutive activity for adenylyl cyclase (AC), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element (CRE)-driven transcription, and calcium mobilization but not phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) activity. Importantly, the signaling profile included impaired α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced CRE-driven transcription but not impaired α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced AC, calcium, or pERK1/2. This profile was not observed for transfected H158R, a constitutively active hMC4R variant associated with overweight but not obesity. We concluded that there is potential for α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced CRE-driven transcription in HEK293 cells transfected with obesogenic hMC4R variants to be the key predictive tool for determining whether they exhibit loss of function. Furthermore, in vivo, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced hMC4R CRE-driven transcription may be key for maintaining body weight.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; alpha-MSH/metabolism ; Calcium ; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Obesity ; Adenylyl Cyclases
Chemical Substances	alpha-MSH (581-05-5) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 ; Cyclic AMP (E0399OZS9N) ; Adenylyl Cyclases (EC 4.6.1.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645012-x
ISSN	1479-6813 ; 0952-5041
ISSN (online)	1479-6813
ISSN	0952-5041
DOI	10.1530/JME-23-0008
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Article ; Online: Surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic - a single institution's trainee survey.

Botha, R / Cardoso, J H / Lombard, A / Vermeulen, V / Forgan, T R / Al-Benna, S / Chu, K M

South African journal of surgery. Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir chirurgie

2022 Volume 60, Issue 1, Page(s) 40–43

Abstract: Background: Few studies have assessed the impact of COVID-19 on surgical training in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on postgraduate surgical training, research and registrar ... ...

Abstract	Background: Few studies have assessed the impact of COVID-19 on surgical training in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on postgraduate surgical training, research and registrar wellbeing in South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey from 5 October 2020 to 1 December 2020. The study population was registrars from all surgical disciplines at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of Stellenbosch University. The survey consisted of 26 multiple-choice and five open-ended qualitative questions on the impact of COVID-19 on physical and mental wellbeing, skills acquisition and postgraduate research. Results: Of 98 surgical registrars, 35 (36%) responded. Twenty-three (65.7%) reported missed planned surgical rotations, 30 (85.7%) decreased surgical training time, and 22 (62.9%) reported a perceived decrease in training quality. Simulated skills training was only available to eight (22.9%) participants. Twenty-four (68.6%) experienced burnout and/or depression symptoms during the pandemic. Twenty-seven (77.1%) reported that postgraduate research was unaffected by the pandemic. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical trainees at this institution reported a decrease in the quality of surgical training and skills acquisition and a negative impact on their mental wellbeing.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-21
Publishing country	South Africa
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	416504-4
ISSN	2078-5151 ; 0038-2361
ISSN (online)	2078-5151
ISSN	0038-2361
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Article ; Online: Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level

Anitha, S / Tsusaka, T W / Botha, R / Givens, D I / Rajendran, A / Parasannanavar, D J / Subramaniam, K / Bhandari, R K / Kane-Potaka, J

a systematic review and meta-analysis

2024

Abstract: Millets have a low Glycemic Index and are thus expected to help reduce concentration of Fasting and Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (FBS and PPBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which can potentially help the management of type 2 diabetes. This study ... ...

Abstract	Millets have a low Glycemic Index and are thus expected to help reduce concentration of Fasting and Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (FBS and PPBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which can potentially help the management of type 2 diabetes. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of millets consumption on FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c levels in comparison to major staple diets using the difference-in-differences (DID) method, where the effect size was computed on the Standardized Mean Difference scale. Among twelve eligible articles, ten were used in the meta-analysis to assess the effects on FBS levels, while five were used to assess the effects on PPBS levels. The results show significant effects on FBS (p < 0.01) and PPBS (p < 0.05) levels with the effect size of −0.71 and −0.42, respectively. There were 11.8% (p = 0.001) and 15.1% (p = 0.012) reductions in FBS and PPBS level respectively observed in the millet consuming group whereas the comparator group did not have significant reductions in either indicator. On the other hand, the effects on HbA1c levels were insignificant, presumably due to the small sample size where only two studies were undertaken over 90 days, which warrants further research. The findings corroborate the evidence that millets can contribute to managing FBS and PPBS levels better than major staple diets, implying that millets consumption helps reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Keywords	Smart Foods ; Millets
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publisher	Frontiers Media
Publishing country	in
Document type	Article ; Online
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Book ; Article ; Online: Can a maize price band work in Malawi?

Baulch, Bob / Botha, Rosemary

2020

Abstract: Price band schemes have been used in many countries to try and set minimum and maximum prices between which staple food prices vary. This is typically done using a buffer stock scheme, which sells grain from a reserve when retail prices are higher than a ...

Abstract	Price band schemes have been used in many countries to try and set minimum and maximum prices between which staple food prices vary. This is typically done using a buffer stock scheme, which sells grain from a reserve when retail prices are higher than a pre-determined ceiling price and buys grain to store in the reserve when prices fall below a pre-determined floor price. Malawi has attempted to stabilize the price of its main staple, maize, for many years. Since 1999, this has been the dual responsibility of the National Food Reserve Agency (NFRA), which manages the nation’s Strategic Grain Reserve, and the Agricultural Marketing and Development Corporation (ADMARC), an agricultural marketing parastatal with an extensive network of depots and warehouses throughout the country. The precise division of responsibilities for maize price stabilization between the NFRA and ADMARC is unclear, although it is ADMARC which has the mandate to buy from farmers and sell to consumers while NFRA’s principal role is to manage the Strategic Grain Reserve. This note updates previous IFPRI analysis which examined, based on historical maize prices, how often ADMARC would need to intervene in different markets to defend a plausible range of ceiling and floor prices. The floor price corresponds to the minimum farmgate price announced by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MoAFS) at the beginning of each harvest season while the ceiling price corresponds to the sales price of maize at ADMARC depots. The price band is then the gap between the floor and ceiling price. To defend a set floor price, ADMARC would need to buy off any excess supply on the market, thereby creating an upward pressure on maize prices. Conversely, to ensure the ceiling prices are not exceeded, the NFRA would need to release maize for ADMARC to sell on the market to create a downward pressure and bring the prices down to the ceiling price. International experience indicates that defending floor/ceiling prices in all circumstances is a very expensive ...
Keywords	MALAWI ; SOUTHERN AFRICA ; AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA ; AFRICA ; food prices ; maize ; market prices ; retail prices ; price volatility ; maize prices ; ADMARC intervention ; price band
Subject code	330
Language	English
Publisher	International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: Why do Geodetic Data need DOIs? First ideas of the GGOS DOI Working Group

Elger, K. / Coetzer, G. / Botha, R. / GGOS DOI Working

Abstracts

2020

Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Radon Levels Measured at a Touristic Thermal Spa Resort in Montagu (South Africa) and Associated Effective Doses.

Botha, R / Newman, R T / Maleka, P P

Health physics

2016 Volume 111, Issue 3, Page(s) 281–289

Abstract: Radon activity concentrations (in water and in air) were measured at 13 selected locations at the Avalon Springs thermal spa resort in Montagu (Western Cape, South Africa) to estimate the associated effective dose received by employees and visitors. A ... ...

Abstract	Radon activity concentrations (in water and in air) were measured at 13 selected locations at the Avalon Springs thermal spa resort in Montagu (Western Cape, South Africa) to estimate the associated effective dose received by employees and visitors. A RAD-7 detector (DURRIDGE), based on alpha spectrometry, and electret detectors (E-PERM®Radelec) were used for these radon measurements. The primary source of radon was natural thermal waters from the hot spring, which were pumped to various locations on the resort, and consequently a range of radon in-water analyses were performed. Radon in-water activity concentration as a function of time (short term and long term measurements) and spatial distributions (different bathing pools, etc.) were studied. The mean radon in-water activity concentrations were found to be 205 ± 6 Bq L (source), 112 ± 5 Bq L (outdoor pool) and 79 ± 4 Bq L (indoor pool). Radon in-air activity concentrations were found to range between 33 ± 4 Bq m (at the outside bar) to 523 ± 26 Bq m (building enclosing the hot spring's source). The most significant potential radiation exposure identified is that due to inhalation of air rich in radon and its progeny by the resort employees. The annual occupational effective dose due to the inhalation of radon progeny ranges from 0.16 ± 0.01 mSv to 0.40 ± 0.02 mSv. For the water samples collected, the Ra in-water activity concentrations from samples collected were below the lower detection limit (~0.7 Bq L) of the γ-ray detector system used. No significant radiological health risk can be associated with radon and progeny from the hot spring at the Avalon Springs resort.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollution, Radioactive/analysis ; Balneology ; Health Resorts ; Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Exposure/analysis ; Radon/analysis ; Relative Biological Effectiveness ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; South Africa ; Travel ; Water Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis
Chemical Substances	Water Pollutants, Radioactive ; Radon (Q74S4N8N1G)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2406-5
ISSN	1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
ISSN	0017-9078
DOI	10.1097/HP.0000000000000527
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Article ; Online: Radon in groundwater baseline study prior to unconventional shale gas development and hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo Basin (South Africa).

Botha, R / Lindsay, R / Newman, R T / Maleka, P P / Chimba, G

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2019 Volume 147, Page(s) 7–13

Abstract: The prospect of unconventional shale gas development in the semi-arid Karoo Basin (South Africa) has created the prerequisite to temporally characterise the natural radioactivity in associated groundwater which is solely depended on for drinking and ... ...

Abstract	The prospect of unconventional shale gas development in the semi-arid Karoo Basin (South Africa) has created the prerequisite to temporally characterise the natural radioactivity in associated groundwater which is solely depended on for drinking and agriculture purposes. Radon (
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.02.006
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