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  1. Article ; Online: Information technologies in healthcare: Enhancing or dehumanising doctor-patient interaction?

    Botrugno, Carlo

    Health (London, England : 1997)

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 475–493

    Abstract: Since the very emergence of the information technologies in healthcare, a major concern has been raised about the potential of remote services to undermine the intimacy, immediacy and humanity intrinsic to conventional, face-to-face medical practice. By ... ...

    Abstract Since the very emergence of the information technologies in healthcare, a major concern has been raised about the potential of remote services to undermine the intimacy, immediacy and humanity intrinsic to conventional, face-to-face medical practice. By contrast, notable literature reports the benefits of information technology-mediated services and their potential to improve efficiency and economic convenience of healthcare systems. This article aims to shed light on this ambivalence by retracing the evolution of doctor-patient interaction in relation to the main technological advancements in healthcare, and in particular, to services mediated by information technologies. Consequently, the reduction of cues and clues associated with the use of these services is framed into the reductionism of the biomedical paradigm, which provides a key to interpret the nature, scope and features of this process of technological innovation, along with its potential and limits.
    MeSH term(s) Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Information Technology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338717-0
    ISSN 1461-7196 ; 1363-4593
    ISSN (online) 1461-7196
    ISSN 1363-4593
    DOI 10.1177/1363459319891213
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  2. Article ; Online: Towards an ethics for telehealth.

    Botrugno, Carlo

    Nursing ethics

    2017  Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 357–367

    Abstract: Over the last two decades, a public rationale for the implementation of telehealth has emerged at the interplay of specialised literature and political orientations. Despite the lack of consistent findings on the magnitude of its benefits, telehealth is ... ...

    Abstract Over the last two decades, a public rationale for the implementation of telehealth has emerged at the interplay of specialised literature and political orientations. Despite the lack of consistent findings on the magnitude of its benefits, telehealth is nowadays presented as a worthy solution both for patients and healthcare institutions. Far from denying the potential advantages of telehealth, the main objective of this work is to provide a critical assessment on the spread of the remote services as a vector of positive transformation of contemporary health systems. For pursuing this objective, the EU agenda for the promotion of telehealth will be retraced, and the main evidences alleged to sustain the implementation of remote care services will be assessed. Furthermore, it will be evaluated the attempt made by the European Commission to establish an ethical framework for guiding the use of telehealth in daily practice, and a roadmap of the most relevant legal and ethical issues posed by the spread of telehealth will be traced. In the conclusions, it will be argued that the radical transformations induced by this form of technological innovation call on to a new, ad hoc ethics through which critically evaluate benefits and implications of telehealth services, with a view to keep high the standard of healthcare against the economic interests of private stakeholders and ICTs' vendors.
    MeSH term(s) European Union ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Telemedicine/ethics ; Telemedicine/trends
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1200467-4
    ISSN 1477-0989 ; 0969-7330
    ISSN (online) 1477-0989
    ISSN 0969-7330
    DOI 10.1177/0969733017705004
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  3. Article ; Online: Narratives about distributed health literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Silva, Susana / Machado, Helena / Galasso, Ilaria / Zimmermann, Bettina M / Botrugno, Carlo

    Health (London, England : 1997)

    2023  , Page(s) 13634593231215715

    Abstract: The promotion of health literacy was a key public health strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of social networks and relationships for support with health literacy-related tasks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is scarcely ... ...

    Abstract The promotion of health literacy was a key public health strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of social networks and relationships for support with health literacy-related tasks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is scarcely understood. Moving beyond traditional notions of health literacy, which focus on individual skills and knowledge, this study uses the concept of distributed health literacy to explore how individuals make meaning of and respond to health literacy and make their literacy skills available to others through their relational and socially situated and lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on 89 semi-structured interviews conducted in three European countries (Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland) between October and December 2021, we found narratives of stabilization, hybridization, and disruption that show how health literacy concerning COVID-19 is a complex social construct intertwined with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses distributed among individuals, communities, and institutions within socioeconomic and political contexts that affect their existence. This paper opens new empirical directions to understand the critical engagement of individuals and communities toward health information aimed at making sense of a complex and prolonged situation of uncertainty in a pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338717-0
    ISSN 1461-7196 ; 1363-4593
    ISSN (online) 1461-7196
    ISSN 1363-4593
    DOI 10.1177/13634593231215715
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  4. Article ; Online: AI-based clinical decision-making systems in palliative medicine: ethical challenges.

    De Panfilis, Ludovica / Peruselli, Carlo / Tanzi, Silvia / Botrugno, Carlo

    BMJ supportive & palliative care

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 183–189

    Abstract: Background: Improving palliative care (PC) is demanding due to the increase in people with PC needs over the next few years. An early identification of PC needs is fundamental in the care approach: it provides effective patient-centred care and could ... ...

    Abstract Background: Improving palliative care (PC) is demanding due to the increase in people with PC needs over the next few years. An early identification of PC needs is fundamental in the care approach: it provides effective patient-centred care and could improve outcomes such as patient quality of life, reduction of the overall length of hospitalisation, survival rate prolongation, the satisfaction of both the patients and caregivers and cost-effectiveness.
    Methods: We reviewed literature with the objective of identifying and discussing the most important ethical challenges related to the implementation of AI-based data processing services in PC and advance care planning.
    Results: AI-based mortality predictions can signal the need for patients to obtain access to personalised communication or palliative care consultation, but they should not be used as a unique parameter to activate early PC and initiate an ACP. A number of factors must be included in the ethical decision-making process related to initiation of ACP conversations, among which are autonomy and quality of life, the risk of worsening healthcare status, the commitment by caregivers, the patients' psychosocial and spiritual distress and their wishes to initiate EOL discussions CONCLUSIONS: Despite the integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-based services into routine healthcare practice could have a positive effect of promoting early activation of ACP by means of a timely identification of PC needs, from an ethical point of view, the provision of these automated techniques raises a number of critical issues that deserve further exploration.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Palliative Medicine ; Quality of Life ; Artificial Intelligence ; Qualitative Research ; Palliative Care/methods ; Advance Care Planning ; Clinical Decision-Making
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2045-4368
    ISSN (online) 2045-4368
    DOI 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-002948
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  5. Article ; Online: Performing publics of science in the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study in Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Italy, Mexico, and Portugal.

    Machado, Helena / de Freitas, Cláudia / Fiske, Amelia / Radhuber, Isabella / Silva, Susana / Grimaldo-Rodríguez, Christian O / Botrugno, Carlo / Kinner, Ralph / Marelli, Luca

    Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)

    2024  Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 466–482

    Abstract: Research about science and publics in the COVID-19 pandemic often focuses on public trust and on identifying and correcting public attitudes. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 209 residents in six countries-Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Italy, Mexico, ... ...

    Abstract Research about science and publics in the COVID-19 pandemic often focuses on public trust and on identifying and correcting public attitudes. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 209 residents in six countries-Austria, Bolivia, Germany, Italy, Mexico, and Portugal-this article uses the concept of performativity to explore how participants understand, and relate to science, in the COVID-19 context. By performativity, we mean the ways by which participants understand themselves as particular sorts of publics through identification with, and differentiation from, various other actors in matters that are perceived as controversies surrounding science: COVID-19 vaccination, media communication of science, and the interactions between governments and scientists. The criteria used to construct the similarities and differences among publics were heterogeneous and fluid, showing how epistemic beliefs about the nature of, and trust in, scientific knowledge are intermingled with social and cultural memberships embedded in specific contexts and across disparate places.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/psychology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Public Opinion ; Portugal ; Science ; Humans ; Bolivia ; Mexico ; Adult ; Trust ; Italy ; Male ; Female ; Pandemics ; Middle Aged ; Austria ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Germany ; Qualitative Research ; Aged ; Communication
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1421272-9
    ISSN 1361-6609 ; 0963-6625
    ISSN (online) 1361-6609
    ISSN 0963-6625
    DOI 10.1177/09636625231220219
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  6. Article ; Online: Patient vulnerability in stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR): a preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium.

    Botrugno, Carlo / Crico, Chiara / Iori, Mauro / Blanck, Oliver / Blamek, Slawomir / Postema, Pieter G / Quesada, Aurelio / Pruvot, Etienne / Verhoeff, Joost J C / De Panfilis, Ludovica

    Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al

    2024  

    Abstract: This preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium is meant to raise critical points that clinicians administering stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation should consider to meet the highest standards in medical ethics and thus promote ... ...

    Abstract This preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium is meant to raise critical points that clinicians administering stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation should consider to meet the highest standards in medical ethics and thus promote quality of life of patients recruited for radiotherapy treatments at a stage in which they experience a significant degree of vulnerability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 84983-2
    ISSN 1439-099X ; 0179-7158 ; 0039-2073
    ISSN (online) 1439-099X
    ISSN 0179-7158 ; 0039-2073
    DOI 10.1007/s00066-024-02230-w
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  7. Article ; Online: Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the <i>Go Wish Game</i>: Thinking About Personal Values to Promote Advance Care Planning.

    Perin, Marta / Tanzi, Silvia / Botrugno, Carlo / Craddock, Chelsi / Menkin, Elisabeth / Peruselli, Carlo / De Panfilis, Ludovica

    Journal of palliative medicine

    2022  Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 1540–1550

    Abstract: ... Background: ... The Go Wish Game (GWG) is a practical tool developed to ease advance care planning (ACP) conversations regarding end-of-life (EOL) issues. The game consists of a guide and 35 cards to help persons think about their personal ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Go Wish Game (GWG) is a practical tool developed to ease advance care planning (ACP) conversations regarding end-of-life (EOL) issues. The game consists of a guide and 35 cards to help persons think about their personal values and priorities in the context of care and to discuss and share those concerns with families and health care professionals (HPs). Objectives: To promote ACP conversations in the Italian context, we developed an Italian version of the GWG by linguistic translation and cultural adaptation. Design: Cross-cultural adaptation process developed by Beaton et al. Measurements: We started with a back-and-forth translation to guarantee linguistic appropriateness. A prefinal Italian version was developed and then qualitatively evaluated by two focus groups (FGs) to assess content validity and cultural appropriateness. Participants' suggestions were discussed by the research groups and included in the final Italian version. Data analysis: The FGs' transcripts were analyzed by thematic analysis. Sample: One FG included HPs potentially involved in ACP, the second FG involved representative from local patient associations (RLPAs) with chronic, degenerative, and potentially terminal disease. Participants were purposefully selected. The two FGs involved eight HPs and five RLPAs, respectively. Results: Fewer explicit statements concerning EOL choices and a broader emphasis on the role of HPs in this discussion characterized the prefinal version. Our analysis identified three themes and five subthemes: (1) improving translation: linguistic redefinition and practical clarification; (2) how to play the GWG: needs and suggestions; and (3) more than a game. Conclusion: The Italian version developed in this study presents several cultural peculiarities. The rigorous translation and cultural adaptation process applied can enrich the existing literature by spreading a practical tool for initiating ACP in other languages and cultures. Further studies are needed to evaluate this tool's effectiveness in supporting ACP and training HPs to promote the ACP process.
    MeSH term(s) Advance Care Planning ; Communication ; Focus Groups ; Health Personnel/education ; Humans ; Terminal Care ; Translations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1427361-5
    ISSN 1557-7740 ; 1096-6218
    ISSN (online) 1557-7740
    ISSN 1096-6218
    DOI 10.1089/jpm.2022.0083
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