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Article ; Online: Repetitive Behaviors in Dogs.

Bowen, Jonathan / Fatjó, Jaume

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice

2023 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 71–85

Abstract: Repetitive behaviors in companion animals have been compared with obsessive-compulsive disorders in people. There is evidence that repetitive behaviors may go unrecognized because they have a high level of comorbidity with other, more salient, behavior ... ...

Abstract	Repetitive behaviors in companion animals have been compared with obsessive-compulsive disorders in people. There is evidence that repetitive behaviors may go unrecognized because they have a high level of comorbidity with other, more salient, behavior problems and may be overshadowed or regarded as amusing eccentricities. To assess repetitive behavior problems, we propose a standardized approach involving 5 categories or axes. This approach aims to identify the nature of the problem and the balance among medical, environmental, and temperamental factors. Environmental modification, behavioral modification, and drug treatment are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Dogs ; Animals ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/therapy ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy ; Comorbidity ; Behavior Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	757662-6
ISSN	1878-1306 ; 0195-5616
ISSN (online)	1878-1306
ISSN	0195-5616
DOI	10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.09.003
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Article ; Online: A more ecological perspective on human-robot interactions.

Ravikumar, Varun / Bowen, Jonathan / Anderson, Michael L

The Behavioral and brain sciences

2023 Volume 46, Page(s) e42

Abstract: Drawing from two strands of ecological psychology, we suggest that even if social robots are interactive depictions, people need not mentally represent them as such. Rather, people can engage with the opportunities for action or affordances that social ... ...

Abstract	Drawing from two strands of ecological psychology, we suggest that even if social robots are interactive depictions, people need not mentally represent them as such. Rather, people can engage with the opportunities for action or affordances that social robots offer to them. These affordances are constrained by the larger sociocultural settings within which human-robot interactions occur.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Robotics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	423721-3
ISSN	1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
ISSN (online)	1469-1825
ISSN	0140-525X
DOI	10.1017/S0140525X22001613
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Article ; Online: Use of mirtazapine in the treatment of canine behaviour problems: A review of 32 cases.

Argüelles, Juan / Duque, Blanca / Miralles, Marina / Bowen, Jonathan / Fatjo, Jaume

The Veterinary record

2023 Volume 194, Issue 8, Page(s) e3670

Abstract: Background: Canine behaviour problems seen by speciality behavioural medicine services often involve chronic anxiety disorders that have resulted in maladaptation of the individual to its environment. Common stressors include the presence of other ... ...

Abstract	Background: Canine behaviour problems seen by speciality behavioural medicine services often involve chronic anxiety disorders that have resulted in maladaptation of the individual to its environment. Common stressors include the presence of other individuals (other dogs or people), noise and being alone. The treatment of these behavioural problems usually includes a combination of behaviour modification, environmental modification and biological therapies. Within the latter, anxiolytic drugs such as clomipramine or fluoxetine have proven useful. Methods: Here, we present a retrospectively analysed series of 32 cases that were treated with the anxiolytic drug mirtazapine, which is widely used in human medicine but has not previously been reported for the treatment of behavioural problems in dogs (although it is marketed as an appetite stimulant in cats). Cases included dogs with a range of anxiety-related behavioural problems. Results: Eighty-one percent of dogs that presented with a behavioural problem showed improvement and suspected adverse effects were mild and tolerable. Limitations: Further studies are required to isolate this result from the other therapeutic measures and to compare its efficacy with other drugs. Conclusion: Mirtazapine appears to be a suitable and safe option for the treatment of anxiety-related behavioural problems in dogs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Dogs ; Animals ; Cats ; Mirtazapine/therapeutic use ; Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Anxiety/drug therapy ; Anxiety Disorders/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Mirtazapine (A051Q2099Q) ; Anti-Anxiety Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.3670
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Article: Making the Case for Multi-Axis Assessment of Behavioural Problems.

Fatjó, Jaume / Bowen, Jonathan

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2020 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: The systematic classification of human mental health disorders and behavioural problems in companion animals face the same challenges. These disorders and problems are complex, multi-factorial, and can interfere with the individual's ability to function ... ...

Abstract	The systematic classification of human mental health disorders and behavioural problems in companion animals face the same challenges. These disorders and problems are complex, multi-factorial, and can interfere with the individual's ability to function within society, a social or family environment. Classification systems are reductive, they discard a lot of critical information, and can be overly focused on the presenting problem, inflexible and obstructive to new research. As a result, human psychiatry is moving away from classification systems and toward a clinical and research model based on dimensional characteristics that encompass the full range from normal to abnormal, and include multiple sources of influence from genetic, to environmental and psychosocial. In this paper, we set out a multi-axis model for the collection and organisation of information about companion animal behaviour problem cases that avoids some of the limitations of classification systems, is aligned with the current research approach in human psychiatry, and assists the clinician in making a complete and thorough assessment of a case.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani10030383
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Article: Making the Case for Multi-Axis Assessment of Behavioural Problems

Fatjó, Jaume / Bowen, Jonathan

Animals. 2020 Feb. 27, v. 10, no. 3

2020

Abstract	The systematic classification of human mental health disorders and behavioural problems in companion animals face the same challenges. These disorders and problems are complex, multi-factorial, and can interfere with the individual’s ability to function within society, a social or family environment. Classification systems are reductive, they discard a lot of critical information, and can be overly focused on the presenting problem, inflexible and obstructive to new research. As a result, human psychiatry is moving away from classification systems and toward a clinical and research model based on dimensional characteristics that encompass the full range from normal to abnormal, and include multiple sources of influence from genetic, to environmental and psychosocial. In this paper, we set out a multi-axis model for the collection and organisation of information about companion animal behaviour problem cases that avoids some of the limitations of classification systems, is aligned with the current research approach in human psychiatry, and assists the clinician in making a complete and thorough assessment of a case.
Keywords	animal behavior ; family relations ; humans ; mental health ; models ; pets ; society
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0227
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani10030383
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The impact of a stress‐reducing protocol on the quality of pre‐anaesthesia in cats

Argüelles, Juan / Echaniz, Mónica / Bowen, Jonathan / Fatjó, Jaume

Veterinary record. 2021 June, v. 188, no. 12

2021

Abstract: Introduction: Transport to the clinic is a major source of stress for cats. The process involves being put into a carrier, driven in a car and handled. Cats are therefore removed from the safe‐haven of their territory and experience many stressful ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Transport to the clinic is a major source of stress for cats. The process involves being put into a carrier, driven in a car and handled. Cats are therefore removed from the safe‐haven of their territory and experience many stressful stimuli and interactions. Methods: In the present study, 31 cats were transported to the clinic following a low‐stress transport protocol and compared with a control group of 36 cats whose owners did not follow the protocol. This protocol involved preparing a cat carrier basket with F3 pheromone and keeping it covered and stable during the car journey from the home to the clinic. Pre‐anaesthesia information was recorded for cardiac rate, respiratory rate, tolerance to handling, time for sedation to be achieved and dose of propofol required for induction and endotracheal intubation. Results: The group exposed to the low‐stress transport protocol took less time to reach sedation and needed a lower dose of propofol for induction than the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that, in cats, pre‐anaesthetic and induction requirements are influenced by lower‐stress transport and handling.
Keywords	pheromones ; respiratory rate ; sedation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.138
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The Value of Companion Dogs as a Source of Social Support for Their Owners: Findings From a Pre-pandemic Representative Sample and a Convenience Sample Obtained During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Spain.

Bowen, Jonathan / Bulbena, Antonio / Fatjó, Jaume

Frontiers in psychiatry

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 622060

Abstract: Dogs are a source of companionship and comfort for their owners, but the degree to which this might translate into real emotional and social support has not been quantified. Emotional and social support are essential to help people to get through ... ...

Abstract	Dogs are a source of companionship and comfort for their owners, but the degree to which this might translate into real emotional and social support has not been quantified. Emotional and social support are essential to help people to get through personal crises such as bereavement. In this study we characterize the social support owners obtain from their dogs, provide evidence of how widespread this social support is amongst dog-owners, and show how social support from dogs can increase during a crisis (using the COVID-19 pandemic as an example). We collected data from a representative population-based sample of Spanish dog-owners and found that most respondents said that their dogs helped them to get through tough times. They got comfort from physical contact with their dogs, shared activities with them and treated them as confidants in a similar way to friends and family. These are all key aspects of social support, and dogs offer the advantage of being more available than human sources of support. It would be expected that the support that dogs provide would be increased during a time of personal crisis and when we looked at data collected from a convenience sample of Spanish dog-owners during the COVID-19 confinement that is what we found; during the confinement owners engaged in more shared activities with their dogs, hugged them more often and turned to them more as a source of companionship and comfort (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564218-2
ISSN	1664-0640
ISSN	1664-0640
DOI	10.3389/fpsyt.2021.622060
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Article ; Online: The impact of a stress-reducing protocol on the quality of pre-anaesthesia in cats.

Argüelles, Juan / Echaniz, Mónica / Bowen, Jonathan / Fatjó, Jaume

The Veterinary record

2021 Volume 188, Issue 12, Page(s) e138

Abstract: Introduction: Transport to the clinic is a major source of stress for cats. The process involves being put into a carrier, driven in a car and handled. Cats are therefore removed from the safe-haven of their territory and experience many stressful ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Transport to the clinic is a major source of stress for cats. The process involves being put into a carrier, driven in a car and handled. Cats are therefore removed from the safe-haven of their territory and experience many stressful stimuli and interactions. Methods: In the present study, 31 cats were transported to the clinic following a low-stress transport protocol and compared with a control group of 36 cats whose owners did not follow the protocol. This protocol involved preparing a cat carrier basket with F3 pheromone and keeping it covered and stable during the car journey from the home to the clinic. Pre-anaesthesia information was recorded for cardiac rate, respiratory rate, tolerance to handling, time for sedation to be achieved and dose of propofol required for induction and endotracheal intubation. Results: The group exposed to the low-stress transport protocol took less time to reach sedation and needed a lower dose of propofol for induction than the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that, in cats, pre-anaesthetic and induction requirements are influenced by lower-stress transport and handling.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthesia/veterinary ; Animals ; Case-Control Studies ; Cats/psychology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Intubation, Intratracheal/veterinary ; Male ; Moving and Lifting Patients/psychology ; Moving and Lifting Patients/veterinary ; Propofol/administration & dosage ; Respiratory Rate ; Stress, Psychological/prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Transportation of Patients/methods
Chemical Substances	Propofol (YI7VU623SF)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.138
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Article: Owner-Perception of the Effects of Two Long-Lasting Dog-Appeasing Pheromone Analog Devices on Situational Stress in Dogs

Nicolas, Céline S. / Espuña, Gemma / Girardin, Aurélie / Fatjó, Jaume / Bowen, Jonathan / Monginoux, Patricia

Animals. 2022 Jan. 05, v. 12, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Devices that release a synthetic analog of the canine-appeasing pheromone can help to relax dogs during stressful situations, but they usually last for only one month. Two new devices with this analog were tested by owners of dogs showing signs of stress ...

Abstract	Devices that release a synthetic analog of the canine-appeasing pheromone can help to relax dogs during stressful situations, but they usually last for only one month. Two new devices with this analog were tested by owners of dogs showing signs of stress in a range of everyday situations: Zenidog™ collar, lasting three months, and Zenidog™ diffusing gel, lasting two months (Virbac, Carros, France). They were compared against reference products that last for one month. In the three-month study with collars, one group received Zenidog™ collar, one received the reference collar, and one group of dogs wore an antiparasitic collar alongside a Zenidog™ collar. In the two-month study with diffusers, groups received either the unpowered Zenidog™ gel diffuser or the reference electric diffuser. Owners regularly completed a questionnaire that assessed seventeen general behaviors and sources of fear and eleven specific signs of stress. Global scores for these two main scales were calculated, and the evolution of scores was compared between groups. Non-parametric tests with a Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis. An improvement of all global scores was observed in all groups (p < 0.001), including in puppies, and there was no difference between groups. Zenidog™ devices were as effective as the reference devices and lasted longer.
Keywords	antiparasitic agents ; evolution ; fearfulness ; gels ; pheromones ; questionnaires ; statistical analysis ; France
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0105
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12010122
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Owner-Perception of the Effects of Two Long-Lasting Dog-Appeasing Pheromone Analog Devices on Situational Stress in Dogs.

Nicolas, Céline S / Espuña, Gemma / Girardin, Aurélie / Fatjó, Jaume / Bowen, Jonathan / Monginoux, Patricia

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1

Abstract	Devices that release a synthetic analog of the canine-appeasing pheromone can help to relax dogs during stressful situations, but they usually last for only one month. Two new devices with this analog were tested by owners of dogs showing signs of stress in a range of everyday situations: Zenidog™ collar, lasting three months, and Zenidog™ diffusing gel, lasting two months (Virbac, Carros, France). They were compared against reference products that last for one month. In the three-month study with collars, one group received Zenidog™ collar, one received the reference collar, and one group of dogs wore an antiparasitic collar alongside a Zenidog™ collar. In the two-month study with diffusers, groups received either the unpowered Zenidog™ gel diffuser or the reference electric diffuser. Owners regularly completed a questionnaire that assessed seventeen general behaviors and sources of fear and eleven specific signs of stress. Global scores for these two main scales were calculated, and the evolution of scores was compared between groups. Non-parametric tests with a Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis. An improvement of all global scores was observed in all groups (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12010122
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