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  1. Article ; Online: Experimental Structures of Antibody/MHC-I Complexes Reveal Details of Epitopes Overlooked by Computational Prediction.

    Boyd, Lisa F / Jiang, Jiansheng / Ahmad, Javeed / Natarajan, Kannan / Margulies, David H

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2024  Volume 212, Issue 8, Page(s) 1366–1380

    Abstract: mAbs to MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules have proved to be crucial reagents for tissue typing and fundamental studies of immune recognition. To augment our understanding of epitopic sites seen by a set of anti-MHC-I mAb, we determined X-ray crystal ... ...

    Abstract mAbs to MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules have proved to be crucial reagents for tissue typing and fundamental studies of immune recognition. To augment our understanding of epitopic sites seen by a set of anti-MHC-I mAb, we determined X-ray crystal structures of four complexes of anti-MHC-I Fabs bound to peptide/MHC-I/β2-microglobulin (pMHC-I). An anti-H2-Dd mAb, two anti-MHC-I α3 domain mAbs, and an anti-β2-microglobulin mAb bind pMHC-I at sites consistent with earlier mutational and functional experiments, and the structures explain allelomorph specificity. Comparison of the experimentally determined structures with computationally derived models using AlphaFold Multimer showed that although predictions of the individual pMHC-I heterodimers were quite acceptable, the computational models failed to properly identify the docking sites of the mAb on pMHC-I. The experimental and predicted structures provide insight into strengths and weaknesses of purely computational approaches and suggest areas that merit additional attention.
    MeSH term(s) Epitopes ; Genes, MHC Class I
    Chemical Substances Epitopes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2300839
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Chaperone function in antigen presentation by MHC class I molecules-tapasin in the PLC and TAPBPR beyond.

    Margulies, David H / Jiang, Jiansheng / Ahmad, Javeed / Boyd, Lisa F / Natarajan, Kannan

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1179846

    Abstract: Peptide loading of MHC-I molecules plays a critical role in the T cell response to infections and tumors as well as to interactions with inhibitory receptors on natural killer (NK) cells. To facilitate and optimize peptide acquisition, vertebrates have ... ...

    Abstract Peptide loading of MHC-I molecules plays a critical role in the T cell response to infections and tumors as well as to interactions with inhibitory receptors on natural killer (NK) cells. To facilitate and optimize peptide acquisition, vertebrates have evolved specialized chaperones to stabilize MHC-I molecules during their biosynthesis and to catalyze peptide exchange favoring high affinity or optimal peptides to permit transport to the cell surface where stable peptide/MHC-I (pMHC-I) complexes are displayed and are available for interaction with T cell receptors and any of a host of inhibitory and activating receptors. Although components of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident peptide loading complex (PLC) were identified some 30 years ago, the detailed biophysical parameters that govern peptide selection, binding, and surface display have recently been understood better with advances in structural methods including X-ray crystallography, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and computational modeling. These approaches have provided refined mechanistic illustration of the molecular events involved in the folding of the MHC-I heavy chain, its coordinate glycosylation, assembly with its light chain, β
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Antigen Presentation ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Molecular Chaperones ; Peptides ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; tapasin ; Molecular Chaperones ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Experimental structures of antibody/MHC-I complexes reveal details of epitopes overlooked by computational prediction.

    Boyd, Lisa F / Jiang, Jiansheng / Ahmad, Javeed / Natarajan, Kannan / Margulies, David H

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules have proved to be crucial reagents for tissue typing and fundamental studies of immune recognition. To augment our understanding of epitopic sites seen by a set of ... ...

    Abstract Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules have proved to be crucial reagents for tissue typing and fundamental studies of immune recognition. To augment our understanding of epitopic sites seen by a set of anti-MHC-I mAb, we determined X-ray crystal structures of four complexes of anti-MHC-I antigen-binding fragments (Fab) bound to peptide/MHC-I/β
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.12.01.569627
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies recognize 23 distinct epitopic sites on the receptor binding domain.

    Jiang, Jiansheng / Boughter, Christopher T / Ahmad, Javeed / Natarajan, Kannan / Boyd, Lisa F / Meier-Schellersheim, Martin / Margulies, David H

    Research square

    2023  

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 variants have dramatically illustrated the need for a better understanding of antigen (epitope)-antibody (paratope) interactions. To gain insight into the immunogenic characteristics of epitopic sites (ES), we ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 variants have dramatically illustrated the need for a better understanding of antigen (epitope)-antibody (paratope) interactions. To gain insight into the immunogenic characteristics of epitopic sites (ES), we systematically investigated the structures of 340 Abs and 83 nanobodies (Nbs) complexed with the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We identified 23 distinct ES on the RBD surface and determined the frequencies of amino acid usage in the corresponding CDR paratopes. We describe a clustering method for analysis of ES similarities that reveals binding motifs of the paratopes and that provides insights for vaccine design and therapies for SARS-CoV-2, as well as a broader understanding of the structural basis of Ab-protein antigen (Ag) interactions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2800118/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies recognize 23 distinct epitopic sites on the receptor binding domain.

    Jiang, Jiansheng / Boughter, Christopher T / Ahmad, Javeed / Natarajan, Kannan / Boyd, Lisa F / Meier-Schellersheim, Martin / Margulies, David H

    Communications biology

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 953

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 variants have dramatically illustrated the need for a better understanding of antigen (epitope)-antibody (paratope) interactions. To gain insight into the immunogenic characteristics of epitopic sites (ES), we ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 variants have dramatically illustrated the need for a better understanding of antigen (epitope)-antibody (paratope) interactions. To gain insight into the immunogenic characteristics of epitopic sites (ES), we systematically investigated the structures of 340 Abs and 83 nanobodies (Nbs) complexed with the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We identified 23 distinct ES on the RBD surface and determined the frequencies of amino acid usage in the corresponding CDR paratopes. We describe a clustering method for analysis of ES similarities that reveals binding motifs of the paratopes and that provides insights for vaccine design and therapies for SARS-CoV-2, as well as a broader understanding of the structural basis of Ab-protein antigen (Ag) interactions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Antibodies, Viral
    Chemical Substances spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; difluprednate (S8A06QG2QE) ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-023-05332-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Synthetic nanobody-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain structures identify distinct epitopes.

    Ahmad, Javeed / Jiang, Jiansheng / Boyd, Lisa F / Natarajan, Kannan / Margulies, David H

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2021  

    Abstract: The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) demands unprecedented attention. We report four X-ray crystal structures of three synthetic nanobodies (sybodies) (Sb16, Sb45 and Sb68) bind to the receptor-binding ... ...

    Abstract The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) demands unprecedented attention. We report four X-ray crystal structures of three synthetic nanobodies (sybodies) (Sb16, Sb45 and Sb68) bind to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2: binary complexes of Sb16-RBD and Sb45-RBD; a ternary complex of Sb45-RBD-Sb68; and Sb16 unliganded. Sb16 and Sb45 bind the RBD at the ACE2 interface, positioning their CDR2 and CDR3 loops diametrically. Sb16 reveals a large CDR2 shift when binding the RBD. Sb68 interacts peripherally at the ACE2 interface; steric clashes with glycans explain its mechanism of viral neutralization. Superposing these structures onto trimeric spike (S) protein models indicates these sybodies bind conformations of the mature S protein differently, which may aid therapeutic design.
    One sentence summary: X-ray structures of synthetic nanobodies complexed with the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 reveal details of CDR loop interactions in recognition of distinct epitopic sites.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2021.01.27.428466
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Chaperones and Catalysts: How Antigen Presentation Pathways Cope With Biological Necessity.

    Margulies, David H / Taylor, Daniel K / Jiang, Jiansheng / Boyd, Lisa F / Ahmad, Javeed / Mage, Michael G / Natarajan, Kannan

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 859782

    Abstract: Immune recognition by T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells is in large part dependent on the identification of cell surface MHC molecules bearing peptides generated from either endogenous (MHC I) or exogenous (MHC II) dependent pathways. This ... ...

    Abstract Immune recognition by T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells is in large part dependent on the identification of cell surface MHC molecules bearing peptides generated from either endogenous (MHC I) or exogenous (MHC II) dependent pathways. This review focuses on MHC I molecules that coordinately fold to bind self or foreign peptides for such surface display. Peptide loading occurs in an antigen presentation pathway that includes either the multimolecular peptide loading complex (PLC) or a single chain chaperone/catalyst, TAP binding protein, related, TAPBPR, that mimics a key component of the PLC, tapasin. Recent structural and dynamic studies of TAPBPR reveal details of its function and reflect on mechanisms common to tapasin. Regions of structural conservation among species suggest that TAPBPR and tapasin have evolved to satisfy functional complexities demanded by the enormous polymorphism of MHC I molecules. Recent studies suggest that these two chaperone/catalysts exploit structural flexibility and dynamics to stabilize MHC molecules and facilitate peptide loading.
    MeSH term(s) Antigen Presentation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Immunoglobulins ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones ; Peptides
    Chemical Substances Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Immunoglobulins ; Membrane Proteins ; Molecular Chaperones ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.859782
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Measuring Protein Interactions by Optical Biosensors.

    Zhao, Huaying / Boyd, Lisa F / Schuck, Peter

    Current protocols in protein science

    2017  Volume 88, Page(s) 20.2.1–20.2.25

    Abstract: This unit gives an introduction to the basic techniques of optical biosensing for measuring equilibrium and kinetics of reversible protein interactions. Emphasis is placed on description of robust approaches that will provide reliable results with few ... ...

    Abstract This unit gives an introduction to the basic techniques of optical biosensing for measuring equilibrium and kinetics of reversible protein interactions. Emphasis is placed on description of robust approaches that will provide reliable results with few assumptions. How to avoid the most commonly encountered problems and artifacts is also discussed. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    MeSH term(s) Biosensing Techniques/methods ; Kinetics ; Molecular Structure ; Optical Devices ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Mapping/methods ; Proteins/chemistry ; Proteins/metabolism ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surface Properties ; Thermodynamics
    Chemical Substances Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2179077-2
    ISSN 1934-3663 ; 1934-3655
    ISSN (online) 1934-3663
    ISSN 1934-3655
    DOI 10.1002/cpps.31
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Structures of synthetic nanobody-SARS-CoV-2-RBD complexes reveal distinct sites of interaction and recognition of variants.

    Ahmad, Javeed / Jiang, Jiansheng / Boyd, Lisa F / Zeher, Allison / Huang, Rick / Xia, Di / Natarajan, Kannan / Margulies, David H

    Research square

    2021  

    Abstract: The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and emergence of new variants demands understanding the structural basis of the interaction of antibodies with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here we ... ...

    Abstract The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and emergence of new variants demands understanding the structural basis of the interaction of antibodies with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here we report five X-ray crystal structures of sybodies (synthetic nanobodies) including binary and ternary complexes of Sb16-RBD, Sb45-RBD, Sb14-RBD-Sb68, and Sb45-RBD-Sb68; and Sb16 unliganded. These reveal that Sb14, Sb16, and Sb45 bind the RBD at the ACE2 interface and that the Sb16 interaction is accompanied by a large CDR2 shift. In contrast, Sb68 interacts at the periphery of the interface. We also determined cryo-EM structures of Sb45 bound to spike (S). Superposition of the X-ray structures of sybodies onto the trimeric S protein cryo-EM map indicates some may bind both "up" and "down" configurations, but others may not. Sensitivity of sybody binding to several recently identified RBD mutants is consistent with these structures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-625642/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Structures of synthetic nanobody-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain complexes reveal distinct sites of interaction.

    Ahmad, Javeed / Jiang, Jiansheng / Boyd, Lisa F / Zeher, Allison / Huang, Rick / Xia, Di / Natarajan, Kannan / Margulies, David H

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2021  Volume 297, Issue 4, Page(s) 101202

    Abstract: Combating the worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the emergence of new variants demands understanding of the structural basis of the interaction of antibodies with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain ( ... ...

    Abstract Combating the worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the emergence of new variants demands understanding of the structural basis of the interaction of antibodies with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here, we report five X-ray crystal structures of sybodies (synthetic nanobodies) including those of binary and ternary complexes of Sb16-RBD, Sb45-RBD, Sb14-RBD-Sb68, and Sb45-RBD-Sb68, as well as unliganded Sb16. These structures reveal that Sb14, Sb16, and Sb45 bind the RBD at the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interface and that the Sb16 interaction is accompanied by a large conformational adjustment of complementarity-determining region 2. In contrast, Sb68 interacts at the periphery of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interface. We also determined cryo-EM structures of Sb45 bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Superposition of the X-ray structures of sybodies onto the trimeric spike protein cryo-EM map indicates that some sybodies may bind in both "up" and "down" configurations, but others may not. Differences in sybody recognition of several recently identified RBD variants are explained by these structures.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/chemistry ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Protein Binding ; Protein Domains ; Protein Stability ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Single-Domain Antibodies/chemistry ; Single-Domain Antibodies/immunology ; Single-Domain Antibodies/metabolism ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Single-Domain Antibodies ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101202
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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