Article ; Online: Metabolomic Signatures Differentiate Immune Responses in Avian Influenza Vaccine Recipients.
The Journal of infectious diseases
2024
Abstract: Background: Avian influenza viruses pose significant risk to human health. Vaccines targeting the hemagglutinin of these viruses are poorly immunogenic without the use of adjuvants.: Methods: Twenty healthy men and women (18-49 years of age) were ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Avian influenza viruses pose significant risk to human health. Vaccines targeting the hemagglutinin of these viruses are poorly immunogenic without the use of adjuvants. Methods: Twenty healthy men and women (18-49 years of age) were randomized to receive two doses of inactivated influenza A/H5N1 vaccine alone (IIV) or with AS03 adjuvant (IIV-AS03) one month apart. Urine and serum samples were collected on day 0 and on days 1, 3, and 7 following first vaccination and subjected to metabolomics analyses to identify metabolites, metabolic pathways, and metabolite clusters associated with immunization. Results: Seventy-three differentially abundant (DA) serum and 88 urine metabolites were identified for any post-vaccination day comparison. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment of tryptophan, tyrosine and nicotinate metabolism in urine and serum among IIV-AS03 recipients. Increased urine abundance of 4-vinylphenol sulfate on Day 1 was associated with serologic response based on hemagglutination inhibition responses. In addition, 9 DA urine metabolites were identified in participants with malaise compared to those without. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that tryptophan, tyrosine, and nicotinate metabolism are upregulated among IIV-AS03 recipients compared with IIV alone. Metabolites within these pathways may serve as measures of immunogenicity and may provide mechanistic insights for adjuvanted vaccines. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-01-05 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 3019-3 |
| ISSN | 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899 |
| ISSN (online) | 1537-6613 |
| ISSN | 0022-1899 |
| DOI | 10.1093/infdis/jiad611 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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