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Article ; Online: Are there sex differences in the variability of fasting metabolism?

Bradshaw, Louise / Buniam, Jariya / Betts, James A / Gonzalez, Javier T

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2024

Abstract: There is evidence across species and across many traits that males display greater between-individual variance. In contrast, (premenopausal) females display large within-individual variance in sex hormone concentrations, which can increase within- ... ...

Abstract	There is evidence across species and across many traits that males display greater between-individual variance. In contrast, (premenopausal) females display large within-individual variance in sex hormone concentrations, which can increase within-individual variance in many other parameters. The latter may contribute to the lower representation of females in metabolic research. This study is a pooled secondary analysis of data from 7 crossover studies to investigate the between-individual and the within-individual variance in fasting plasma metabolites, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body mass. Females demonstrated higher within-individual variability of plasma 17β-estradiol (CV 15±15 % for males vs 38±34 % for females,
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00053.2024
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Article ; Online: Building confidence and professionalism among junior doctors in leading challenging resuscitation status conversations.

Kanakalingam, Divya / Thornley, Jennifer / Bradshaw, Luke / Tabor, James / Tankard, Scarlett

Clinical medicine (London, England)

2024 Volume 23, Issue Suppl 6, Page(s) 91

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Professionalism ; Medical Staff, Hospital
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2048646-7
ISSN	1473-4893 ; 1470-2118
ISSN (online)	1473-4893
ISSN	1470-2118
DOI	10.7861/clinmed.23-6-s91
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Zs.A 5439: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Subsegmental representation in child speech production: structured variability of stop consonant voice onset time in American English and Cantonese.

Chodroff, Eleanor / Bradshaw, Leah / Livesay, Vivian

Journal of child language

2022 Volume 50, Issue 5, Page(s) 1245–1273

Abstract: Voice onset time (VOT) of aspirated stop consonants is marked by variability and systematicity in adult speech production. The present study investigated variability and systematicity of voiceless aspirated stop VOT from 161 two- to five-year-old talkers ...

Abstract	Voice onset time (VOT) of aspirated stop consonants is marked by variability and systematicity in adult speech production. The present study investigated variability and systematicity of voiceless aspirated stop VOT from 161 two- to five-year-old talkers of American English and Cantonese. Overall, many aspects of child VOT productions parallel adult patterns, the analysis of which can help inform our understanding of early speech production. For instance, VOT means were comparable between children and adults, despite greater variability. Further, across children in both languages, talker-specific VOT means were strongly correlated between [t
MeSH term(s)	Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Language ; Language Development ; Phonetics ; Speech ; Speech Acoustics ; Voice
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1466489-6
ISSN	1469-7602 ; 0305-0009
ISSN (online)	1469-7602
ISSN	0305-0009
DOI	10.1017/S0305000922000368
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of a health technician-delivered brief intervention for alcohol: a Bayesian reanalysis of a clinical trial.

Barticevic, Nicolas A / Poblete, Fernando / Bradshaw, Laura / Bendtsen, Marcus

BMC research notes

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 182

Abstract: Objective: To reanalyze a clinical trial on the effectiveness of a Brief Intervention (BI) delivered by non-professionals to reduce risky alcohol drinking. Our previous null-hypothesis test of the effects of the BI yielded a 'non-significant' p-value, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To reanalyze a clinical trial on the effectiveness of a Brief Intervention (BI) delivered by non-professionals to reduce risky alcohol drinking. Our previous null-hypothesis test of the effects of the BI yielded a 'non-significant' p-value, yet remained uninformative. Here we use the Bayesian paradigm which allows for expressing the probability of different effect sizes to better inform public policy decisions. Results: The posterior probability of the odds of risky drinking at follow-up favored a marked effect of the BI, with 96% of the probability mass being less than OR = 1, and 84% being less than OR = 0.8. Our findings show that there is a high probability that the BI delivered by health technicians lowered risky alcohol use. The posterior distributions of the BI's effects are presented to help contextualize the evidence for policy making in Chile.
MeSH term(s)	Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control ; Bayes Theorem ; Chile ; Crisis Intervention
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2413336-X
ISSN	1756-0500 ; 1756-0500
ISSN (online)	1756-0500
ISSN	1756-0500
DOI	10.1186/s13104-022-06071-7
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 during pregnancy and its impact on the developing auditory system.

Veeranna, Sangamanatha Ankmnal / Youngblood, Patricia LeeAnn / Bradshaw, Lucy / Marx, Charles G

American journal of otolaryngology

2022 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 103484

Abstract: Background: This study compared distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) recorded from infants whose mother had Covid-19 during pregnancy (Covid-19 group) to infants whose mother did not have ...

Abstract	Background: This study compared distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) recorded from infants whose mother had Covid-19 during pregnancy (Covid-19 group) to infants whose mother did not have Covid-19 (Control group) during pregnancy. Methods: This study retrospectively examined records of infants in the Covid-19 group (n = 15) and control group (n = 46) who had distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) recorded as part of their clinical assessment. DPOAE amplitudes, absolute latencies (I, III, and V), and I-V interpeak intervals were examined. Results: DPOAE amplitudes were similar between the Covid-19 group and the control group. The absolute latency of wave I was similar between groups. But absolute latencies III and V and I-V interpeak intervals of the Covid-19 group were significantly prolonged compared to the control group. Conclusion: Covid-19 infection and its complications during pregnancy may not affect the cochlear function but may affect the functioning of the auditory brainstem.
MeSH term(s)	Auditory Threshold/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604541-8
ISSN	1532-818X ; 0196-0709
ISSN (online)	1532-818X
ISSN	0196-0709
DOI	10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103484
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Article ; Online: Are the screening guidelines for branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms cost-effective in an Australian setting?

Lai, Timothy / Bull, Nicholas / Goonawardena, Janindu / Bradshaw, Luke / Fox, Adrian / Hassen, Sayed

ANZ journal of surgery

2023 Volume 93, Issue 12, Page(s) 2885–2891

Abstract: Backgrounds: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are cystic neoplasms of the pancreatic ductal system. These incidental cystic lesions are increasingly found on radiological imaging and screened for malignant transformation. The Fukuoka ... ...

Abstract	Backgrounds: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are cystic neoplasms of the pancreatic ductal system. These incidental cystic lesions are increasingly found on radiological imaging and screened for malignant transformation. The Fukuoka consensus guidelines recommend screening with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or endoscopic ultrasound. Branch duct IPMN (BD-IPMN) have significantly lower malignancy and mortality rates compared to main duct IPMN. Our aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of guideline's recommendations for BD-IPMN screening of cysts between 2 and 3 cm in an Australian context. Methods: Markov model decision analysis was used to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of screening. The ICER was compared to a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of $50 000. We performed scenario analysis to examine the effect of cyst size and non-linearity of malignancy rate on ICER. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed on our input parameters. Results: Screening resulted in 586 quality adjusted life years gained and a net present value of $20 379 939, resulting in a base-case ICER of $34 758. After scenario analysis for non-linearity of malignancy rate the ICER increases to $64 555, which is above the WTP threshold. PSA indicates that ICER is most susceptible to the pre-test malignancy rate. Conclusion: This cost analysis demonstrates that screening of 2-3 cm BD-IPMN according to current guidelines is unlikely to be cost-effective in an Australian context. To determine the true ICER, a cost analysis on real-world data is required.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Australia ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous ; Cysts/pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-19
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.18697
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Article ; Online: The effect of exercise in a fasted state on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in males and females.

Bradshaw, Louise / Koumanov, Francoise / Berry, Sarah / Betts, James A / Gonzalez, Javier

Experimental physiology

2023 Volume 108, Issue 4, Page(s) 543–548

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Physical activity interventions improve almost all modifiable CVD risk factors, but the effect of physical activity on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is uncertain. This ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Physical activity interventions improve almost all modifiable CVD risk factors, but the effect of physical activity on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is uncertain. This may be due to lack of research on the feeding status in which the physical activity is performed. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fasted versus fed exercise on LDL-C concentrations in males and females. One hundred healthy participants, equal males and females, aged between 25 and 60 years will be recruited and will undergo a home-based 12-week exercise intervention. After baseline testing, participants will be randomized to a fasted exercise (exercise after an 8-h fast) or fed exercise (exercise 90-180 min after ingestion of 1 g kg
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Body Composition ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Exercise/physiology ; Fasting/physiology ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Chemical Substances	Cholesterol, LDL
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1016295-1
ISSN	1469-445X ; 0958-0670
ISSN (online)	1469-445X
ISSN	0958-0670
DOI	10.1113/EP091005
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Article ; Online: Flexible Computerized Adaptive Tests to Detect Misconceptions and Estimate Ability Simultaneously.

Bao, Yu / Shen, Yawei / Wang, Shiyu / Bradshaw, Laine

Applied psychological measurement

2020 Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–21

Abstract: The Scaling Individuals and Classifying Misconceptions (SICM) model is an advanced psychometric model that can provide feedback to examinees' misconceptions and a general ability simultaneously. These two types of feedback are represented by a discrete ... ...

Abstract	The Scaling Individuals and Classifying Misconceptions (SICM) model is an advanced psychometric model that can provide feedback to examinees' misconceptions and a general ability simultaneously. These two types of feedback are represented by a discrete and a continuous latent variable, respectively, in the SICM model. The complex structure of the SICM model brings difficulties in estimating both misconception profile and ability efficiently in a linear test. To overcome this challenge, this study proposes a flexible computerized adaptive test (FCAT) design as a new test delivery method to increase test efficiency by administering an individualized test to examinees. We propose three item selection methods and two transition criteria to determine adaptive steps based on the needs of estimating one or two latent variables. Through two simulation studies, we demonstrate how to select an appropriate item selection method for an adaptive step and what transition criterion should be used between two adaptive steps. Results reveal the combination of the item selection method and the transition criterion could improve the estimation accuracy of a specific latent variable to a different extent and thus provide further guidance in designing an FCAT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2002941-X
ISSN	1552-3497 ; 0146-6216
ISSN (online)	1552-3497
ISSN	0146-6216
DOI	10.1177/0146621620965730
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Article ; Online: A right anomalous renal artery originating from the superior mesenteric artery.

Hong, Jason T / Joglekar, Shantanu / Bradshaw, Luke / Hassen, Sayed / Sengupta, Shomik

ANZ journal of surgery

2022 Volume 93, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 426–427

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior/diagnostic imaging ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior/abnormalities ; Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Renal Artery/abnormalities ; Abdomen
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-25
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.17879
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Article ; Online: Psychological and Neural Differences of Music Processing in Autistic Individuals: A Scoping Review.

Hernandez-Ruiz, Eugenia / Qi, Ruowen / Welsh, Emily / Wampler, Madelyn / Bradshaw, Liesel

Journal of music therapy

2022 Volume 59, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–124

Abstract: Despite abundant research and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of music interventions for people in the autism spectrum, understanding of music processing in this community is limited. We explored whether research evidence of differences in music ... ...

Abstract	Despite abundant research and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of music interventions for people in the autism spectrum, understanding of music processing in this community is limited. We explored whether research evidence of differences in music processing within the autistic community is available. We developed a scoping review to search for literature with the terms "music", "processing," and "autism" (and variants). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, and Music Index databases for a total of 10,857 articles, with 5,236 duplicates. The remaining 5,621 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility by a team of four undergraduate and graduate students and the PI. Seventy-five studies were included for data extraction. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics regarding author, study, stimulus, and participant information, and a thematic analysis of outcome and findings. Our findings are preliminary given the emerging nature of the literature, the use of mostly non-musical auditory stimuli, passive listening experiences, and underreported demographics. However, the literature shows some evidence of differences in music processing for autistic individuals, including reduced habituation to non-musical and musical stimuli; truncated, delayed, or divergent developmental trajectories; and possible compensatory higher-order mechanisms that yield similar behavioral responses even in the presence of divergent neural correlates. Music therapists are encouraged to adopt a developmental perspective, not only of general skills, but specifically of music skill development in this community, and to extrapolate these findings with caution, given the current limitations in the evidence.
MeSH term(s)	Auditory Perception ; Autistic Disorder/therapy ; Child ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive ; Humans ; Music ; Music Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	218364-x
ISSN	2053-7395 ; 0022-2917
ISSN (online)	2053-7395
ISSN	0022-2917
DOI	10.1093/jmt/thab020
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